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内蒙古科技大学 本科生毕业论文说明书

题 目：循环流化床锅炉炉膛压力频域分

析

学生姓名：徐承乾 学 号：1162126132 专 业：热能与动力工程 班 级：热动2011-1班 指导教师：李海广 副教授

内蒙古科技大学本科毕业论文

摘要

当前正在运行的循环流化床锅炉，炉膛故障及损坏仍是其停产检修的最重要的原因之一，随着循环流化床锅炉和它的设备趋于大型化，锅炉运行时的经济性、安全性等越来越引起工程师们的重视。对炉膛压力分布及所受外界因素影响的研究已经成为大型循环流化床锅炉能否高效运行的关键。针对这一突出问题，本课题在搭建的冷态循环流化床实验模型上通过变化不同工况，采集炉膛测压点的随机压力波动信号，并深入分析得出特征频率。

在分析实验采集的样本频率时，本文基于MATLAB编程，利用傅里叶变换，对原始数据进行处理。将采集到的压力模拟信号转换为数字电信号，再将其导入MATLAB软件中。把数据由文本格式，转变为MATLAB默认格式，并且利用Welch谱估计窗函数计算得到每个采集样点的频谱图。

本文控制单因素影响，测量了不同粒径、不同料高、不同测压点和不同主风量的炉膛静压频域分布并进行频域分析。

关键词：压力信号；循环流化床；压力分布； 频谱分析

I

内蒙古科技大学本科毕业论文

ABSTRACT

Currently running circulating fluidized bed boiler, hood fault and damage is still one of the most important objectives of its shutdown overhaul. With the circulating fluidized bed boiler and equipment large-scale, boiler operation economy and safety engineers are increasingly valued. How to stop furnace maintenance will be able to know the status of the air distribution hood damaged board, has become the key to run smoothly with large-scale circulating fluidized bed boilers . For this outstanding issue, the subject of the cold fluidized build an experimental model, simulated air distribution chamber, the air distribution plate and operating conditions hood and hearth. By changing working conditions, collecting normal random hood hood and bad pressure fluctuation signals and in-depth analysis derived characteristic frequency.

In the analysis of experimental samples collected frequency, Based on MATLAB programming, using Fourier transform raw data processing. The pressure will be collected convert analog signals to digital signals, befor import it into MATLAB software. The data from the text format, the default format into MATLAB, and use Welch spectral estimation window function is calculated for each sample collection point spectrum.

In this paper, the control unit factors, measuring the different size, different material level height, different measurement points and different amounts of the main air chamber static pressure distribution in the frequency domain and frequency domain analysis.

Keywords: wind cap；Circulating fluidized bed； Stress distribution；Spectrum Analysis

II

内蒙古科技大学本科毕业论文

目录

摘要 .................................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... II 第一章

绪论 ................................................................................................................. 1

1.1循环流化床锅炉简介 .......................................................................................... 1 1.2循环流化床锅炉的发展 ...................................................................................... 1

1.2.1循环流化床锅炉的优点 ............................................................................ 2 1.3循环流化床锅炉的发展总况 .............................................................................. 2

1.3.1循环流化床锅炉的结构形式 .................................................................... 3 1.3.2国外循环流化床锅炉的先进性 ................................................................ 5 1.3.3国内循环流化床锅炉技术情况 ................................................................ 6 1.3.4循环流化床锅炉目前存在的主要问题 .................................................... 6 1.4发展循环流化床锅炉的意义 .............................................................................. 7 第二章 实验介绍 ............................................................................................................. 9

2.1实验装置 .............................................................................................................. 9 2.2实验材料 ............................................................................................................ 10 2.3目数的换算 ........................................................................................................ 11 2.4循环流化床锅炉模型炉膛压力采样点的布置 ................................................ 12 2.5压力波动信号的频谱分析 ................................................................................ 13

2.5.1压力波动信号的时域描述 ...................................................................... 13 2.5.2压力波动信号的频域描述 ...................................................................... 14

第三章 实验方法 ........................................................................................................... 18

3.1实验参数的设定 ................................................................................................ 18 3.2实验参数的设定 ................................................................................................ 18 3.3正交实验方法 .................................................................................................... 19 3.4试验步骤简述 .................................................................................................... 19 第四章 试验结果及分析 ............................................................................................. 20

4.1不同测压点的频域分析 .................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.2不同送风量的频域分析 .................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.3不同粒径的频域分析 ........................................................ 错误！未定义书签。

III

内蒙古科技大学本科毕业论文

4.4不同料高的频域分析 ........................................................ 错误！未定义书签。 4.5不同测压点波峰值的散点图分析 .................................................................... 31 4.6实验结论总结 .................................................................................................... 33 参考文献 ......................................................................................................................... 34 附录A ............................................................................................................................. 37 附录B ............................................................................................................................. 51 附录C ............................................................................................................................. 66 附录D ............................................................................................................................. 71 致谢 ................................................................................................................................. 78

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