[关键词]小学生;英语学习兴趣;成因;对策
The AnalysisofCauses of Pupils’Losing Interest in
Learning English and the Strategies
Elementary Education Major WEI Wei
Abstract:The first goal of primary English course is to stimulate pupils’ interest in learning English. In view of the situation of low and high grades pupils’ interest in learning English, the author conducted a questionnaire on some of low and high grades pupils in Nanning,and found that with higher grades, their interest in learning English gradually decreased. By analyzing the findings specifically,the author found that besides teaching methods,teacher-student relationships and partnership,learning environment and the successful experience of learning English have greater impacts on their interest. This paper aims to analyze the causes and come to a targeted teaching strategies : First of all, harmonious teacher-student relationship and partnership are the bridges to stimulate their interest.And English learning environment plays an improving role in stimulating the interest in learning English.Of course, successful experience is good for establishing students’ self-confidence in learning English.In addition, teaching materials and teaching methods have positive impacts on stimulating students’ interest.
Key words:Pupils;Interest in Learning English; Causes; Strategies
一、小学英语学习兴趣的重要性、研究的必要性及现状
社会信息化和经济全球化使英语日益成为国际间交往的重要工具。基于这一现状,我国决定从2001年秋季起在全国积极推动小学开设英语课程,并将激发和培养英语学习兴趣摆在十分重要的地位。
第一位把心理学作为教育学理论基础的赫尔巴特就十分重视兴趣的作用,认为人有多方面的兴趣,而教育就应该以此为基础,教师应把引起和培养人的多方面兴趣作为自己的一项任务。以杜威为代表的“进步教育”提出了兴趣中心论。苏霍姆林斯基就以自己丰富的教育实践经验为依据,明确肯定“学习兴趣是学习活动的重要动力”。[1]151
目前,我国小学英语教学中仍存在诸多不尽人意的地方:如不少学校每周安排的课时很少;把英语学习的重点放在词汇、语法等以知识为主的学习英语的方法上;教师重乐轻教,忽视学生智力与非智力因素的开发。这种以语言知识为主的做法,忽视学生的兴趣需要及语言习得规律,导致学生英语学习兴趣的缺失,产生厌学心理和消极情绪。
在教学实践中发现,随着年级升高,学生的学习成绩出现两级分化现象。大量的事实表明,就大多数学生而言,智力因素的差异并不悬殊,导致学生英语学习两极分化的重要原因是由于非智力因素,特别是学习兴趣的发展存在较大的差异。但如果学生对所学的不感兴趣,即使教给他们最好的学习方法又有什么用?
教育心理学理论研究表明,学生的学习兴趣是学习的原动力,对学科持续的兴趣能形成动机,动机能促使学生提高学习效率与质量。“总之,兴趣是影响学习效率的一个重要的心理因素。”[2]256
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