牛津译林M1 M 2 语法复习

高一英语1,2模块语法复习

主：who, that 时间：when=介词+which 宾：（who that whom）状语地点：where=介词+which 定：whose原因：why = for +which 主：which，that 宾：（which，that）

定语从句关系词的确定：根据定从中缺的成分，再结合先行词。 Fill in the blanks with the relative adverbs or relative pronouns. 1.I still remember the days ________ we stayed together in Beijing. 2. I still remember the days ________ we spent together in Beijing. 3. I still remember the days ________ we enjoyed ourselves in Beijing. 4. I still remember the days ________ we enjoyed in Beijing. 5. That blue house is the place ________ I lived yesterday. 6. That blue house is the place ________ I visited yesterday.

7. That blue house is the place ________ I paid a visit yesterday. 8. That blue house is the place ________ I paid a visit to yesterday. 9. Do you know the reason ________ he told me the news last week? 10. Do you know the reason ________ he told me last week? 11. Do you know the reason ________ he was late this morning? 12. Do you know the reason ________ he was late for this morning?

定从中介词的确定：看定语从句和先行词的搭配。（谓语v，表语，主语与先行词的搭配） 1.This was the knife _________he cut down the tree.

2.Tom is the person _________ I often turn for help when I am in trouble. 3.Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. He is the person _______ I will buy a gift. 4.We’ll visit the beautiful village _________ Mary comes. 5.The house _________ we live is not large.

6.Many people, some of whom are not overweight at all, are always going on a diet. 7. I am doing different types of exercises, all of which are quite helpful to my health. 限制性定从中4种情况只用that，不用which。

1. 先行词为不定代词everything，something, nothing, anything或由few, little，much，all，

only, the very等修饰时，常用关系代词that来引导定语从句。

2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用关系代词that引导定语从句。 3. 先行词同时指人和物时，用that。

4. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时用that。

1. Everything ______ you said is true.2.Which is the book _____ you want? 3. Who is the girl ______ sits there.4. All _____ he said is true.

5. All _____ is said by him is true.6. That is the last lesson _____ I gave you. 7. I still remember the schools and boys ______ I met there.

8. Which is the book _____ you want?9. Such boys ___ you mentioned are well. 10. It is so difficult a problem ___ no one can work out. 11. It is so difficult a problem_____ no one can work it out. 18. She wore the same hat ____ you wore yesterday.

19. You have made the same mistake _____ you made last time.

1、非限制性定语从句的关系代词which，既可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整句

的含义。

1. I bought a car yesterday, ______ cost me a lot of money. 2. This novel, ______ I have read three times, is very touching.

先行词作介词的宾语时：先行词指人，介词提前的结构是：介词+whom 先行词指物，介词提前的结构是：介词+which

The girl , _____ ______ he is familiar, is a football player。

The Second World War，___ ______ millions of people were killed ,ended in 1945. 2. 非限制性定语从句中的一些问题： 指物时，用which而不用that；

指人时主格用who，宾格用whom，物主格用whose（也可指物）； 另外关系副词when（指时间），where（指地点）也可以引导非限制性定语从句; 关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句；

介词加关系代词常常可以引导非限制性定语从句。 Correct the mistakes if any.

1. Apples , that are good or people’s health , should be eaten every day .

2. People were excited to meet Yang Li wei，he was the first Chinese to travel in space. 3.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, which price was very reasonable. 4. My mother often goes to gym, there she works out to keep fit.

5. Alice received an invitation from her boss， which came as a surprise. 6.He will come to see me next July, when he won’t be so busy.

7.I am doing different types of exercises, all of them are quite helpful to my health. 8. There are 65 students in our class, only 20 of them are boys.

9. We know different types of sports, all of them are quite helpful to our health.

10. Many students in this school, some of which are not overweight, are going on diets. 11. There are 65 students in my class . Most of whom come from Yiyang. 12 .I have many friends in this town, some of them are businessman.

现在完成时

一.影响性用法(已完成用法) 动词常为瞬间性动词，表示过去发生并结束的动作对现在产生的结果或影响，常和just(刚刚), already(肯定句：已经), yet(一般疑问：已经；否定句：还) , now连用。 1. I ________(have) lunch already.2. Has the train_______ (arrive) yet?

3. The twin ______just _____(see) my father.4. The twins ____(see) my father just now. 二持续性用法（未完成用法）

表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，而且还可能继续下去的动作或状态。常与表一段时间的状语连用.(动词常为持续性动词)

since two days ago/1990(具体的时间), since, ever since;

(一段时间) all day, all the year, all one’s life; for a long time/two days, for ages (迄今为止):so far, up to/till now, till(until) now

(最近的过去)in the past/last few days, during the last two weeks, lately, recently, these days等 1. Daniel __________ (live) in Beijing since he came to China. 2.The old man _____________（已经死了）for two years . 三经历性用法

表示过去至今的经历，一般译为汉语“过”，常和never, ever, once，twice, three times 和before

等连用。

1.I have been to the Summer Palace twice. 2.We have visited your school before. ____ it ever ______ (snow) in Hong Kong?

No, I think it _____ never _______ (snow) there.

区分短暂性动词与持续性动词.

表示短暂性(瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中不能和一段时间连用.即for,since短语或how long问句(常用相应的延续性动词have,keep,be..等来代替非延续性动词) Correct the mistakes if any.

I have bought this pen for two months. The play has begun for an hour.

Tom has joined the army for five years. The dog has died for a month. I have come here for forty days.

常用现在完成时的结构

1) It has been/is + a period of time + since-clause.

2) This (That/It) is the first (second …) time + that-clause (现在完成时). 3) This (That/It) is the only … + that- clause (现在完成时).

4) This (That/It) is the best/finest/most interesting ? + that-clause (现在完成时).

现在完成进行时

1. 表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，这动作还在进行，并且还将持续下去。 Ihave’t been sleeping well since I return home. 2.动作刚刚结束，但和现在有某种联系。（有时表示根据直接或间接的证据得出的结论，一般通过上下文的语境进行判断。）

She is very tired. She’s been typing letters all day. 比较：1.现在完成时的已完成用法强调动作的完成 现在完成进行时表示未完成。

2. 现在完成时的感情色彩不浓，现在完成进行时带有较为强烈的感情色彩

What have you done?What have you been doing? 下面三种情况一般不用现在完成进行时：

1.）时间状语是ever, never, already, yet, once, twice(具体次数和具体数字)

由how many, how much 引出的疑问句。

2.）谓语动词为瞬间动词，不用现在完成进行时。如：finish，become

3.）谓语动词为状态动词。(Have, know, seem, believe, want, contain, include, seat)

1.The telephone ___________ (ring) for quite a while. Why _______anyone_______ (answer) it? 2.They __________________ (practise) the song of welcome to Beijing for some time now, but they still ___________ (not get) it right.

将来1) will/ shall do2) be going to do3) will be doing4) be to do5) be doing

1. be going to do计划、安排、打算;“有迹象表明即将发生的事”The ice is going to break. 2. will do 泛指将要发生的事情，可表示“临时的安排” 3.将来进行时will be doing

1).将来一段时间内将要进行的事情Tony will be traveling in Europe next month.

2).将来某一时刻将要进行的事情

Remember not to call me at 3 tomorrow afternoon. I will be attending a meeting. 3).预测The weather report says that it will be raining when we arrive in London. 4).礼貌地询问对方未来的计划。Will you be visiting your uncle in London? 4.be to do — plan (计划) or order (命令) －Why do you carry so much money, Tom? －I ___ __ ___ (buy) dog food with it.

you ___ __ ____ (hand) it in your homework today.

5.be doing 现在进行时表将来的意图,安排,打算；常表较近的将来，动词多为转移动词 When are you leaving?

6.1) be about to do---when---表示“正要做某事,这时---”; 不与时间状语连用 I was about to leave when the telephone rang.

7.一般现在时表将来

根据时刻表的安排要发生的动作The plane takes off at 11 p.m.

时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表一般将来，用现在完成时表示将来完成。 will/ shall dowould do

am/ is/ are going to do was/were going to do will be doing would be doing am/ is/ are to do was/were to do am/ is/ are doing was/were doing

am/ is/ are about to do was/were about to do 一般现在时

过去完成时：1）表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作完成之前的情况.句中常用by, before, until, by the end of, by the time, since 等引导过去某一时间状语. Jane had left before I arrived.

2）表示从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态（从过去到过去）， 往往和由for或since引导的、表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。 He ___________ (work) here for two years before he moved here.

I ________ (be) at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.

3）出现在宾语从句或定语从句中, 如果主句是过去，从句的动作先于主句发生从句需要用过去完成时态。I returned the magazine that I ________________(borrow).

4. 表示过去未曾实现的希望, 打算, 意图, 用于如下动词: want, hope, think, expect, intend, mean, suppose, plan.表示“本打算（计划/希望/认为）做而未做” I_______________________(intend) come to the party, butI was busy.

注意：1）在hardly/scarcely?when, no sooner?than 句式中，主句常用过去完成时，表示“一??就”。当否定副词位于句首时，主句常用部分倒装。 We had no sooner arrived than we startedsinging and dancing. Hardly had he run into the room when it began to rain. 2）It was the first time +从句（用过去完成时）。It was the first that I __________(看电影). It was + 形容词最高级+ that 定从（用过去完成）

It was the most important tomb that ____ ____ ____ _______ (发现).

一般过去时态以“现在”为参照点,而过去完成时态以“过去”为参照点(即过去的过去) We ________ （学会）50 English words last week.

We __________1500 English words by theend of last week.