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摘要
作为电网中重要的设备之一，电力变压器的正常工作与否直接影响电网的安全稳定运行。本论文首先阐述了电力变压器在线监测系统的研究目的和意义、国内外研究动态和发展趋势，然后进行了深入地分析。
本文其次介绍了铁心接地电流、电压、温度在线监测系统。该系统能够实现对变压器铁心接地电流、电压、温度的实时或定时监测和历史数据的存储，并在接地线电流、电压、温度超过国家标准后能够发出信号和实现限流电阻的自动投切，将接地电流、电压、温度限制在规程要求的范围之内。变压器铁心电流、电压、温度的在线监测，必须确保采集到的信号真实可靠，同时应保证监测装置最小限度的改变变压器的运行接线状态。作为一种工作在电流大范围内变化的设备，必须具备较好的量程自动转换及保护电路。在变压器所处的恶劣的电磁环境中，设备要能够稳定可靠的工作，抗电磁干扰是难点。作为便携式设备，应保证信号所测得的数据能够方便的上传给控制人员，通讯方式最好采用无线方式。尽可能实现多点接地故障的自动处理。 关键字：电力变压器；铁芯接地电流；电压；变压器油温；在线监测
Abstract
As one of the important equipment in the power grid, power transformer works or not directly affect the safe and stable operation of power grids. This paper first provides power transformer online monitoring system of purpose and meaning, research and development trends at make a thorough analysis.
This second article describes core earth currents, voltages, temperature online monitoring system. The system can be realized on earth current, voltage and temperature of transformer core storage or regularly monitored in real time and the ground, current, voltage, temperature exceeds the national standards will be able to send a signal and automatic switching of current - limiting resistor, to limit the earth current, voltage and temperature within the scope of the code requirements. Current, voltage and temperature on - line monitoring of transformer core, you must ensure that collected signals are true and correct, should ensure that monitoring devices at the same time minimise change the running of transformer connection state. As a change in the current scope of work equipment must and protection circuit. In adverse electromagnetic environment of the transformers, stable and reliable equipment to be able to work, EMI is difficult. As a portable device, make sure the signal measured it easy to upload data to the control of personnel, means of communication the best use of wireless means.Automatic processing for multi - point earthing fault as much as possible.
Key words: power transformer; Core earth current; Voltage; Transformer oil temperature; On-line monitoring
目录
0 引言 ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 目的和意义 ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外发展现状 ............................................................................................................. 2 1.3 变压器原理 ...................................................................................................................... 3 2 10kV电力变压器状态参量监测系统总体设计方案 .......................................... 3 2.1 在线监测系统的组成 ................................................................................................... 3 2.2 功能设计方案 ................................................................................................................. 4 3 10kV电力变压器状态参量监测系统硬件电路设计 .......................................... 5 3.1 电流信号的提取部分 ................................................................................................... 6 3.2 电压电流互感器原理和使用 .................................................................................... 7 3.2.1电压互感器工作原理 ................................................................................................ 7 3.2.2电流互感器工作原理 ................................................................................................ 8 3.3 电压互感器的选择和采样电路设计 ..................................................................... 9 3.3.1 JDZW-10型电压互感器的性能和特性概述 ....................................... 10 3.3.2电压互感器采样和测量电路设计 ......................................................... 10 3.4 电流互感器的选择和电路设计 ............................................................................. 11 3.4.1 LBZ-10型电流互感器技术指标 ....................................................................... 12 3.4.2电流互感器采样和测量硬件电路设计 ........................................................... 12 3.5 DS18B20温度检测系统设计 ................................................................................. 13 3.6 限流电阻单元 ............................................................................................................... 15
3.7 ADC0832采样电路设计 ........................................................................................... 16 3.7.1 外部引脚及其说明 .................................................................................................. 17 3.7.2单片机对ADC0832 的控制原理 ....................................................................... 17 3.7.3 ADC0832典型应用 ................................................................................................. 18 3.8 LCD1602液晶显示部分 .................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 3.9抗电磁干扰 .............................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 3.10单片机最小系统设计 ........................................................ 错误！未定义书签。 3.10.1晶振电路 .................................................................................................................... 21 3.10.2 STC89C52的并行IO口详细说明 ................................................................ 22 3.11键盘操作部分 .............................................................................................................. 23 3.11.1键盘 .............................................................................................................................. 23 3.12信号传输部分 .............................................................................................................. 24 3.13 SIM300C模块 ......................................................................................... 24 3.14 SIM卡接口 .................................................................................................................. 25 4 10kV电力变压器状态参量监测系统软件设计 .................................................. 26 4.1软件控制部分流程图 .................................................................................................. 26 4.2 ADC0832子程序流程图 ........................................................................................... 27 4.3延时子程序流程图 ....................................................................................................... 28 5 总结 ....................................................................................................................................... 29 致谢 ........................................................................................................................................... 29 参考文献 ................................................................................................................................. 30 附录A译文 ........................................................................................................................... 31
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