ѧݣ
ѧԭҵļҡ ѧ̣
һ֯ѧʦʺá
ѧ̣ѧԭҵļҡ
1.ʦŲԭӢСÿμʦԭɫ,ѧȰȰȻĸ.
2ſμҪѧ
3ʦٰ࣬ѧѧܸгֵIJͬͣһʣѵ㡣
4ѧС鼴˴ݡԼϲʽָʱһͬѧݳһͬѧݣһͬѧѡûСΪ࣬ӳա
չ龰аѧ˽ɹ˾סĵĻɫ, ѧǷ˽壬ܷдɻشԼαȰ֮飿 ġܽ 塢¿
ʱ 1ѧɽ֡
1ʦ룺ոտͬѧDZ˾ʵij裬ʦҲͬѧDZһĿΪݳһסɽ֡
2áluк߳ɣΪϰѵѧԡ 3ָѧݳжദǺţӦעԲ
4ѧѸֱнݳҲѧԼʽݳ
5ָѧֵĽɶ
6ɽ֡ɸıɵģ˵־ʲôص㣿Сۻ㱨
7ѧԼѡԴͽаࡣֵѧѧϰֵĻԡ 磺
9
ģ 0 X | 0 X | X | X | ˫Ͳ X XX | X XX | 壺 0 XX | 0 XX |
չѧһЩIJϣҪǵԴ˷ѡȻеЩԴָĶôĿ֡ ġܽ 塢¿
5 ֽ֪
ѧĿ꣺
1ѧеݳͻѧΪ壬ͨ֫ԵںϻѧЭ
2ؿ˼άḻ֪ʶΪѧչṩһŵĿռƽ̨Ӷѧʡ
3ֶѧʶͬʱܼ崴ȤϽѧѧУŽᡣ
ѧص㣺Ȼ裬ᴴЭĶָ ѧѵ㣺ѧɹֵķص㡣 ̾١μ. ѧ̣
һʱ һɹŷ顣 1룺
ʦʦҪȥһĵط֪ȥ𣿣룩Ȳߴңһᵽ֪ˣ 2Ϳμ˽ɹŷ顣
ʦǵվˣ뿴ǵʲôطμչʾ졢ԭţȺɹŰɹŴԭ
ʦɹÿܸͣ裬ϲΪ
10
ϵ塣 Ϳμ档
ʦֵһɹһһȵǴĽʢᣬdz֣ǿǶЩʲôμչʾǴĽᡪˤӡͼƬ ʦôʦøһԼ飬ϸʦʲôݣֻش
ͼ1.龰ǵֽѧҪɲ֣ѧѧıֶΡҸöý壬ɹǴĽ龰нѧѧĺģʹDzȤ룬ܲص롢2.ۿɹǴĽĿμѧģˤӡȶͬʱнϰ
ڶʱ ѧĿ꣺
1ᳪͱ
2ͨݳͶԸѧֱ 3ʶӰӸѧָ
ѧص㣺ѧݳ⾳ ѧѵ㣺ѧС ѧ һ֯ѧ
1Ĵŵıĵ衶·ںηˮú衷ü
ʦͬѧǣ¿֮ǰͼ裬²ĸ
Ÿ·ںηˮú衷ü 2
ҹĴŵμǡ塷ˮ䰴¥ΡıĵӾ·ںηˮú衷üĴŵҹĻĹ屦̨ɵӾɴ˴ϱΪȺڷdzϲĵӸǡֵͻƷ⣬˸˼룬ȷƷ
11
˼ںá
һôҪѧϰ¿ҲһӰӸһϵӰϾ¡IJ--ͱ ʶߣ
ͬ1880-1942һʦ㽭ƽˣйּҡϷҡ
18809, 1918ںݻ³ң 194210ڸȪݿԪ¡ͬǵһйֵ.
֡Ϸ⣬滭鷨ʫʾóҷּƽĻ˽Գ¡ҪִƷСͱ𡷡ȡ ܣ
1945꣬ںݵһʦ˽̵ͬдġͱ𡷡ͬĴġѧָ衱νѧָ衱ָĩһб֪ʶӣĴ ġѧ
6 ͷ
ѧĿҪ
1 Ŀеġɽ롰⾳
2 ͨѧʹѧʶ˽Եӵɫ෨и˽⡣ 3 ʹѧܶı龳
4 ѧϵչͨģ¡Աͼѧк⾳
5 ѧȰչѧļѧȻȰ
һʱ ѧ̣
һϰϽڿεĸͱ𡵣ѧڶ һ
нضһεĸʡرǵڶθʡ ݳڶΡ
12