专题限时检测(二十八) 任务型阅读(三)
(限时24分钟)
A
(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)
Do the Right Thing
In life, people feel most satisfied when they choose options that side with their most deeply held values. Here's how to stay true to yours.
If you hope to have your life shaped according to your ideals, you have to know what those ideals are. Perhaps begin sessions by identifying the concepts that are most important from a list: honesty, structure, family and so on. Those qualities are influenced by your parents, your culture and society as a whole, but you have to take ownership of your own decisions.
Almost all of these qualities are things most of us desire to hold dear. To determine which principles are more than just desires, reflect on situations that resonate (共鸣) with yourself.
Identifying your values will guide you in the right direction, but a few strategies can help you follow through. Before you make a big decision, do something that will put you in high spirits: exercise, socialize with friends, volunteer. Researchers theorize that such activities improve our mood, which promotes dopamine (多巴胺) levels in certain areas of the brain, improving our cognitive abilities and helping us weigh different options.
Trouble is, the toughest decisions often arrive at the most inconvenient times. When you're under force, ask a family member, a friend or, in certain cases, a professional for advice. They can provide advice that's not slightly influenced by the work deadline, or leaky roof gradually weakening your mental energy.
Of course, people make decisions that contradict their ideals all the time. There are lots of values we hold dear and they frequently come into conflict with one another. It's not so much that people don't know what they want; it's that there are many things we desire, and we don't always know how to compromise.
While a single decision can seem like a tug-of-war between competing desires, broader life choices don't need to be a definitive either-or question. One who likes traveling worldwide might temporarily put off a grand trip to explore locations closer to home, or commit to setting aside time for vacation with their family every summer,
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no matter what else comes up.
Surround yourself with people who, besides sharing your passion, can also prevent you from hesitating. A group can remind you，“Hey, we're doing this because we love it.”If you're still struggling, even after seeking out community support, there's no shame in revising your core values. If you're determined to take part in a charity program but spend the evening with friends instead, it may be time to accept that friendship is more important to you than volunteerism. Better yet, find opportunities to continue the charity program with your friends.
You may learn that what you believed was a core priority actually has much more to do with living up to what your parents, co-workers or others expect. If your values agree with who you really are, no one will have to ask you to make those choices.
Do the Right Thing
Passage outline Detailed information It's most satisfying to make choices which Problem (1)________ your values. But how can you stay true to yours？ ?Know your values ●Identify your values. It can help (2)______ your life according to your ideals. ●Many (3)________ as a whole influence life concepts, but you have to take ownership of your own decisions. ●Consider situations resonating with yourself Solutions to the problem when (4)________ which principles are more than just desires. ?Find the best time ●Do something putting you in a good (5)________ before making big decisions. ●(6)________ other people at the inconvenient times. ?Balance all options
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●Learn to make (7)________ among desires. ●Avoid limiting choices to a definitive either-or question. ?Stay the course ●Stay with people who encourage you to stay true without a slight (8)________． ●It is not (9)________ to revise your core values sometimes, but better find opportunities to make some compensation. ●Your values may agree with the (10)________ of Conclusion your parents, co-workers or others. ●If your values agree with who you really are, no one will have to ask you to make those choices. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，就如何做出正确选择提出了四点建议。
1．match 第一段第一句提到“... when they choose options that side with their most deeply held values”， side with意思是“匹配”，所以此处填同义词match。 2．shape 根据第二段中的“If you hope to have your life shaped according to your ideals ...”可知，识别你的价值观，它可以根据你的理想塑造你的生活。故填shape。 3．factors 根据第二段中的“Those qualities are influenced by your parents ... but you have to take ownership of your own decisions.”可知，有很多因素影响你的选择。 4．determining/deciding 根据第三段中的“To determine which principles are more than just desires, reflect on situations that resonate (共鸣) with yourself.”可知，空处是状语从句的省略，应用现在分词。
5．mood 根据第四段中的“Before you make a big decision, do something that will put you in high spirits”可知，在做重大决定前，应让自己的精神状况良好，这里in high spirits和in a good mood为同义词。
6．Consult 根据第五段中的“When you're under force, ask a family member, a friend or, in certain cases, a professional for advice.”可知，当麻烦来临而你却又在不方便的时刻，咨询一下你身边的人。ask sb. for advice＝consult sb. 表示“征求某人的意见，咨询某人”。
7．compromises/choices 根据第六段中的“... it's that there are many things we desire, and we don't always know how to compromise.”可知，我们要学会面对欲望做出让步/选择。
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8．hesitation 根据倒数第二段中的“Surround yourself with people who ... can also prevent you from hesitating.”可知答案。
9．shameful/disgraceful 根据倒数第二段中的“... there's no shame in revising your core values ...”可知，改变自己的想法并不是一件丢人的/不体面的事情。
10．expectation(s) 根据最后一段中的“You may learn that ...living up to what your parents, co-workers or others expect”可知，你的有些价值观可能符合身边人的期待。
B
(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)Human love isn't neatly ordered or easily predictable. But that doesn't mean that mathematics hasn't got something because, love, as with most of life, is full of patterns. Mathematics is, basically, all about the study of patterns, patterns from predicting the weather to the fluctuations (起伏) in the stock market, to the movement of the planets or the growth of cities. And if we're being honest, none of those things are exactly neatly ordered and easily predictable, either.
So let us talk about how to pick a perfect partner using a bit of mathematics that is called Optimal Stopping Theory.
Imagine that you start dating when you're 15 and ideally, you'd like to be married by the time that you're 35. And there's a number of people that you could potentially date across your lifetime, and they'll be at varying levels of goodness. The math says then that what you should do in the first 37 percent of your dating window, you should just reject everybody as serious marriage potential. And then, you should pick the next person that is better than everybody that you've seen before. If you do this, it can be mathematically proven, in fact, that this is the best possible way of maximizing your chances of finding the perfect partner.
But unfortunately, I have to tell you that this method does come with some risks. For instance, imagine if your perfect partner appeared during your first 37 percent. Now, unfortunately, you'd have to reject them. Now, if you're following the maths, I'm afraid no one else will appear that's better than anyone you've seen before, so you have to go on rejecting everyone and die alone.
Okay, another risk is, let's imagine, instead, that the first people that you dated in your first 37 percent are just incredibly dull, boring, terrible people. Now, that's okay, because you're in your rejection phase. But then imagine, the next person to come along is just slightly less boring, dull and terrible than everybody that you've seen before. Now, if you are following the maths, I'm afraid you have
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