英语辅导：直接引语变间接引语及其注意事项
引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把 它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的 话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾 语从语。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时 态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
1.直接引语是陈述句， 变成间接引语时， 由连词 that 引导。例如： She said, \She said that she was very happy to help you.
2. 直接引语是一般 (选择/反意)疑问句， 变成间接引语时， 由连词 whether 或 if 引导。例如：
He asked me, \He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.
注意：大多数情况下， if 和 whether 可以互换，但后有 or not, 或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用 例如：
She asked me whether he could do it or not.
whether 。
→ →
...
He hesitated about whether to drive or take the train.
3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词 who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where
等引导。例如：
→
My sister asked me, \My sister asked me how I liked the film.
4. 直接引语是祈使句， 变成间接引语时， 把动词原形变成动词不 定式，并在动词不定前加 tell, ask, order 等的宾语。例如：
The captain ordered, \The captain ordered us to be quiet.
注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加 My teacher asked me, \My teacher asked me not to laugh. 5. 一些注意事项
(1)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不 变。例如：
They told their son,\
→
→
not。
→
...
They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.
(2)直接引语变间接引语时， 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等 要作相应的变化。 如：this/that day, yesterday
→ these/those, now →then, today a→t th
→the year before,
→the day before, last year
→there等。例如：
ago→before, here
He said, \He said that he hadn't seen her that day.
→
注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就不必改 变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。
(3)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序， 即主、谓、宾的顺序。 例如： He asked Lucy, \He asked Lucy where she went. Tom said, \Tom asked Ann what she wanted.
直接引语和间接引语专项练习 I.单项填空
1.He said, \brother.
→
→
...
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