2019年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海一考 英语试卷
考生注意：
1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷 (共100分)
I. Listening Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. In a furniture. B. In a restaurant. C. In the kitchen. D. In a shopping center. 2. A. She was very nervous. B. She hosted the TV programs. C. She has heart disease. D. She missed a speech. 3. A. She is full. B. She is tired. C. She doesn’t like snack. D. She is ill.
4. A.50 pounds. B.60 pounds. C.100 pounds. D.120 pounds. 5. A. He didn’t do well in the contest. B. He paid a lot for the contest. C. He did a good job in spelling. D. He didn’t care the contest. 6. A. Joan thinks that her son’s new school isn’t suitable for him.
B. Joan finds it difficult for her son to adapt himself to the new school. C. Joan thinks that her son is definitely at ease in his new school. D. Joan finds it quite easy for her son to get used to the new school. 7. A. They are talking about a fitness coach. B. They are talking about a school teacher. C. They are talking about their manager. D. They are talking about their former colleague. 8. A. The lecture was very successful.
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B. The students were not polite at the lecture. C. The young people have great wisdom. D. He felt thirsty at the lecture.
9. A. The woman. B. The boss. C. The man. D. Tom. 10. A. He calculator is more powerful.
B. He doesn’t want her mother to waste money. C. He is good at calculating. D. He doesn’t need any present.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once . When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. 15 July,1938. B. 15 July,1942. C. 5 July,1938. D. 5 July,1942. 12. A. Because the war broke out.
B. Because the plane ticket was too expensive. C. Because it was banned by the air force.
D. Because land-based aircraft got rapid development.
13. A. The vast waters of Australia. B. The surprising history of flying boats. C. The excellent service of flying boats. D. The cruelty of World War II. Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. They arrange everything nearly in their workspace. B. They can easily adapt to new situations.
C. They have excellent memory and reasoning skills. D. They have extensive knowledge. 15. A. Smarter people like messiness. B. Messiness helps creativity. C. Creativity may lead to messiness. D. Creativity only exists in smart people. 16. A. The characteristics of the smart people.
B. The relationship between creativity and messiness. C. The super creativity of the smart people. D. The surprising effect of messiness.
Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. The reason why men always like reading newspaper. B. The different connections in brain in men and women. C. The complex structure of the human brain.
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D. The latest finding of the University of Oxford.
18. A. In men’s brains, there are stronger connections in each half of the brain. B. In men’s brains, the stronger connections are between the two sides of the brain. C. The size of men’s brains is always bigger than the women’s. D. There men’s brains usually develop faster than women’s. 19. A. Women are better at finding direction. B. Women are better at cycling. C. Women are better at reading maps.
D. Women are better at doing several things together. 20. A. He is in favour of the new research findings. B. He disagrees with the new research findings. C. He thinks the findings are scientific and reasonable. D. He thinks the finding are too abstract.
II. Grammar & Vocabulary Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Start With the End and Work Backwards
When Jason Hoelscher was an undergraduate of fine art studies, there weren’t any professional development classes. So ambition and the timely realization (21)_________he would have to determine “what’s next” on his own urged Jason to engage his future self to find direction. It was 1996,and he was finishing his BFA(Bachelor of Fine Art) in Denver. He was faced with the choice of sitting back to wait for something (22)__________(happen),or pursuing a path into the unknown. He chose the latter.
Jason set up a plan that in five years he (23)__________(show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the country. This five-year goal gave him a starting point (24)__________ which to work backwards.
By setting the goal, all of Jason’s efforts (25)__________(point) in the same direction. He showed up at different art show openings, and researched as best he could to make (26)__________ familiar with the market environment.
As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities (27)__________ got him closer to his goal. He sent work to a student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery.(28)__________(inspire),Jason spent the next month making new work.
In April of 1997,Jason went back to Rule Gallery with his new work.(29)__________ scared to death, he looked confident at the gallery meeting. When he left, he left as the newest addition to the Rule Gallery roster (花名册),He had his first exhibition there one year later.Jason could have stopped with the show selection, but what he really wanted was gallery representation. He struck while the iron was hot, and in (30)__________(do) so, shortened his five-year plan into a
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year-and-a-half. Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. repetitive E. locate I. evolving B. continually F. mental J. reversely C. alerts G. challenge K. literacy D. pattern H. network Bill Drayton believes we’re in the middle of a necessary but painful historical transition. For millenniums most people’s lives had a certain ____31____.You went to school to learn a trade or a skill-baking, farming or accounting. Then you could go into the workforce and make a good living repeating the same skill over the course of your career.
But these days machines can do pretty much anything that’s ____32____.The new world requires a different sort of person. Drayton calls this new sort of personal changemaker.
Changemakers are people who can see the patterns around them, identify the problems in any situation, figure out ways to solve the problems in any situation, figure out ways to solve the problem, organize fluid teams, lead collective action and then ____33____ adapt as situations change.
For example, Ashoka fellow Andrés Gallardo is a Mexican who lived in a high crime neighborhood. He created an app, called Haus, that allows people to ___34___ with their neighbors. The app has a panic button that ___35___ everybody in the neighborhood when a crime is happening. It allows neighbors to organize, chat, share crime statistics and work together. To form and lead this community of communities, Gallardo had to possess what Drayton calls “cognitive empathy-based living for the good of all.” Cognitive empathy is the ability to perceive how people are feeling in ____36____ circumstances. “For the good of all” is the capacity to build teams.
It doesn’t matter if you are working in the cafeteria or the inspection line of a plant, companies will now only hire people who can ____37____ problems and organize responses.
Millions of people already live with the mind-set. But a lot of people still inhabit the world of following rules and repetitive skills. They hear society telling them: “We don’t need you. We don’t need your kids, either.” Of course, those people go into reactionary mode and strike back. The central ____38____ of our time, Drayton says, is to make everyone a changemaker. In an earlier era, he says, society realized it needed universal ____39____.Today,schools have to develop the curriculums and assessments to make the changemaking mentality universal. They have to understand this is their criteria for success.
Ashoka has studied social movements to find out how this kind of ____40____ shift can be promoted. It turns out that successful movements take similar steps.
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III. Reading Comprehension Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the work or phrase that best fits the context.
More people are travelling than ever before, and lower barriers to entry and falling costs means they are doing so for ____41____ periods.
The rise of “city breaks” 48-hour bursts of foreign cultures, easier on the pocket and annual leave balance has increased tourist numbers, but not their ____42____ spread. The same attractions have been used to market cities such as Paris, Barcelona and Venice for decades, and visitors use the same infrastructure as residents to reach them. “Too many people do the same thing at the exact same time,” says Font. “For ____43____,the city no longer belongs to them.”
This starts with marketing, says Font, who notes that Amsterdam has started advising visitors to seek____44____outside of the city centre on its official website. “That takes some balls, really, to do that. But only so many people will look at the website, and it means they can say to their residents they’re doing all they can [to ease congestion].”
But it also ____45____ a better way, it is called “detourism” :sustainable travel tips an ____46____ itineraries for exploring an authentic Venice, off the paths beaten by the 28 million visitors who flock there each year.
A greater variety of ____47____ for prospective visitors ------ ideas for what to do in off-peak seasons, for example, or outside of the city center ------ can have the effect of diverting them from already saturated landmarks, or ____48____ short breaks away in the first place. Longer stays ____49____ the pressure, says Font. “If you go to Paris for two days, you’re going to go to the Eiffel Tower. If you go for two weeks, you’re not going to go to the Eiffel Tower 14 times.”
Similarly, repeat visitors have a better sense of the ____50____, “We should be asking how we get tourists to ____51____,not how to get them to come for the first time. If they ‘re coming for the fifth time, it is much easier to integrate their behavior with ours.”
Local governments can foster this sustainable activity by giving preference to responsible operator and even high-paying consumers. Font says cities could stand to be more selective about the tourists they try to attract when the current metric for marketing success is how many there are, and how far they’ve come. “You’re thinking, ‘yeah but at what cost...’.”
He points to unpublished data from the Barcelona Tourist Board that prioritizes Japanese tourists for spending an average of 640 more per day than French tourist as a(n) ____52____ that fails to take into account their bigger carbon footprint.____53____ tourists are also more likely to be repeat visitors that come at off-peak times, buy local produce, and ____54____ to less crowded parts of the city------all productive steps towards more ____55____ tourism, and more peaceful relations with residents. 41. A. longer 42. A. environmental
B. shorter B. national
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C. wider C. economic
D. clearer D. geographic
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