No,…needn’t/don’t have to. (3) May…do…? Yes,…may. No,…mustn’t/can’t.
(4) can和be able to: 都可以表示能力。Be able to有更多的时态。另外,两者不能重叠使用。 八.there be 句型的要点 1就近一致原则 2 There be……doing
3 there is going to be/there will be
4 there used to be反意疑问句didn’t there/ usedn't there? 九.主谓一致: 1.随前一致
主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 except, with ,as well as ,together with 等引导的介词短语时 ,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 2.就近一致
由连词either……or, neither……nor, not only…but also, There be句型等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,则谓语动词按就近一致原则,与最靠近它的主语一致。
number of后面加复数名词或代词,其动词用复数形式;但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时,其谓语用单数。 十.被动语态:
1、怎么定性句子是被动语态:有主语谓语没有宾语,be done形式,就是有动词但动词后边没有词语而且句子意思没完整,这样的就看是否把宾语拿到了主语的位置,试着用被动语态来翻译,通顺了就对了,然后用各种时态相对应的被动语态来完成它。
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2、主动语态省略to,被动语态加上to的有: make Sb do Sth 被动语态Sb be made to do Sth see Sb do Sth 被动语态 Sb be seen to do Sth hear Sb do Sth 被动语态 Sb be heard to do Sth 3主动形式表被动意思:
Sth. need doing某物需要被做= Sth. need to be done
Sb. allow doing 某人被允许做某事= Sb. be allowed to do Sth. worth doing 值得被做
十一 宾语从句,表语从句与定语从句的区别: 1 Do you know what he will do tomorrow? 2 This is what he heard from John
3 This is the letter that he heard from John.
大家注意第一个句子动词know后边是一个句子,就是宾语从句,动宾结构,宾语从句要用原句的特殊疑问词。第二个句子be动词后边是个句子,所以是表语从句,系表结构,也要用原来的特殊疑问词。第三个句子是名词the letter后边接句子,来修饰the letter这个先行词,所以是定语从句,定语从句由that,which,who等来引导。所以首先要明确它是否是定语从句,先行词是人做定语从句主语用who/that,做宾语用whom/that,先行词是物用that/which。 十二 也
肯定句和疑问句句尾用too,否定句句尾用either,also用在句中。 So倒装表示也,不到装的确如此,Neither/nor倒装表示也不。 I like playing chess,he likes playing chess,too
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I like playing chess 。So does he。
I don’t like playing chess,he doesn’t like playing chess,either。 I don’t like playing chess,neither nor does he。
十三.make的用法:
make Sb. do Sth. 使某人做某事
Sb be made to do sth. 某人被强迫做某事 Make Sb./Sth.+形容词 使某人或某物处在什么状态
十四 have的用法:
Sb. have Sth. to do 某人有某事要做
have Sb. do Sth.= make Sb. do Sth.使某人某人做某事 have / get Sth. done 某事由别人来做
十五until的用法:
如果主句的动词是短暂性的用not…until, 是延续性的就直接用until。例如; I won’t leave until he comes. I’ll wait until he comes. 介词to,即to doing形式 Be/get used to doing 习惯做某事 Look forward to doing 盼望做某事
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pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 thanks to doing 多亏做某事
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