Lesson One
? 在文章的头三段里，作者以相同的手法描写了三位摇滚歌星的表演盛况。青少年把
他们视为偶像，赞美不绝，而成年观众则觉得他们恶心，难以心爱，这反映了青少年和成人社会对摇滚乐截然不同的态度。
In the first three paragraphs, the author describes the wonderful performance of three rock superstars by the same means. Teenagers see them as icons, praising them endlessly, while adult viewers reject them as sick, which shows the different attitudes towards rock music by teenagers and adults.
? 你嫌艾利斯·库珀恶心吗? 或者是你吸引着这个奇怪的小丑,也许是由于他表现出你
最狂热的幻想?
When Mick Jagger’s fans look at him as a high priest主教or a god, are you with them or against them? Do you share Chris Singer’s almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan? Do you think he – or Dylan – is misguided? Do you reject Alice Cooper as sick? Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown, perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies?
Lesson Two
? 正如本课中所说的，他们当中有些人脱离传统的社会活动，拒绝承担任何社会责任，
过着颓废的寄生生活；有些人逃离城市，跑到偏僻的乡间过着原始公社式的生活；有些人则试图以暴力手段改变社会状况，遭到了残酷的镇压。作者认为只有一点一点地改良社会才是青年人应走的道路。
As stated in the text, some of them drop out, rejecting any social responsibility, leading a parasitic life. Others escape from the city to the remote countryside for a primitive life; still others try to reform the society by force, only to be crushed down brutally. According to the writer the only way for the young people is to reform the society piecemeally. ? 自文明诞生以来，就有人企图逃避文明社会，希望寻求一种更为朴素、更富田园风
情、更为宁静的生活。与那些脱离传统社会的人不同，这些人不是寄生者。他们愿意自食其力，愿意为社会作出贡献，可是他们就是不喜欢这个文明世界的环境。确地说，不喜欢这充满丑恶和紧张的大都市。
This strategy also has ancient antecedents. Ever since civilization began, certain individuals have tried to run away from it in hopes of finding a simpler, more pastoral, and more peaceful life. Unlike the dropouts, they are not parasites. They are willing to support themselves and to contribute something to the general community, but they simply don’t like the environment of civilization; that is, the city, with all its ugliness and tension.
Lesson Three
? 女孩由于不懂白喉之可怕，不愿被医生发现自己的病情而抗拒医生的检查。而医生
作出这一反应是出自社会责任心，也是自身的权威及尊严受到挑战的结果。
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Unaware of the harm of diphtheria, the little girl was unwilling to be discovered so that declined to be examined by the doctor. While the doctor responded as a result of social responsibility and the challenge to his authority and dignity.
Lesson Four
? 安乐死分主动和被动两种。前者是医生给病人打一针致命的针剂，让病人结束痛苦
并死去。后者是医生不采取任何措施，让病人死亡。被动安乐死是许多国家所接受的。如果用法律形式确认安乐死的合法性，就可能为谋死开绿灯。
Mercy-killing can be categorized into two groups – active and passive ones. The former is to give a fatal injection to the patient, letting him end his pains and die; the latter is to let the patient die withholding any medical treatment, which is accepted by many countries. If a legal framework of euthanasia is confirmed, the precedent for killing will probably be set up.
? 这件事引起了一场辩论，而这场辩论将轰轰烈烈地持续到秋季，那时加利福尼亚州
可能会就一项使安乐死合法化的法律进行投票表决。这封信可能是为了起到引发争论的效果，内容并不可信。是作者自己在信中声称他（或她）第一次与那位得了癌症的病人见面，听到病人说出5个字——―让我去死吧‖——然后就杀了她。即使是极端的安乐死支持者也不赞成在这种情况下采取如此做法。然而，医疗上出现的可怕事件如洪水猛兽一般，并不比安乐死的情况更好。它们无疑会在英美以及其他国家中继续肆虐，几乎成了令人恐怖的常规。
In January the Journal of the American Medical Association published a bizarre letter, in which an anonymous doctor claimed to have killed a 20-year-old cancer patient at her own request. This started a debate that will rumble on into the autumn, when Californians may vote on a proposed law legalizing euthanasia. The letter was probably written for polemical impact. It is scarcely credible. Its author claims that he (or she) met the cancer patient for the first time, heard five words from her—―Let’s get this over with‖ then killed her. Even the most extreme proponents of euthanasia do not support such an action in those circumstances.
Lesson Five
? 本文作者是第一位当选为美国国会议员的黑人妇女。她以自己的亲身经历指出，美
国社会不仅存在着严重的种族歧视，更存在着严重的性别歧视，美国妇女在政治、经济和社会生活各个方面均受到不公正、不平等的待遇。
Being the first black woman elected into American Congress, the writer based on her own experience, pointed out that not only serious racial discrimination but also sexual prejudice exists in American society, and that American women are treated unfairly and unequally in every aspect of social life such as politics, economy and so on.
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? 她们中任何人所能期待的最好结果是有幸当选为区或县的副主席，这是一个隔离却
平等的职位，是给那些多年来一直忠实从事装信封和组织牌局工作的妇女的奖赏。在这种职位上，她可以享受公费出差去参加州或全国性的会议或代表大会，在这些场合她的作用就是和她单位的男主席投一样的票。1963年，当我企图摆脱这一角色代表布鲁克林的贝德富锡—斯图维桑特参加竞选纽约州众议院的席位时，遇到了极大的阻力。
It is still women-about three million volunteers-who do most of this work in the American political world. The best any of them can hope for is the honor of being district or county vice-chairman, a kind of separate-but-equal position with which a woman is rewarded for years of faithful envelope stuffing and card-party organizing. In such a job, she gets a number of free trips to state and sometimes national meetings and conventions, where her role is supposed to be to vote the way her male chairman votes.
Lesson Six
? 故事的主人公、年轻的印第安人喜鹊的思想也产生了很大变化，他从向往到大学学
习、进入主流社会，发展到积极参加民权运动、抗议政府对印第安人的歧视。 The hero, Magpie—the young Indian, also underwent great ideological changes. He shifted from longing to study at college and entering the main stream of the society to taking an active role in the Civil Rights Movement and protesting government’s prejudice against Indians.
? 然而，四周的寂静使我忐忑不安。当我们走进敞着的后门时，看到人们都站在厨房
里，我小心翼翼地问道，―出什么事了？没有人答话，只有埃尔吉走了过来。他那充血的眼睛里充满悲伤和痛苦。
But the silence which hung about the place filled me with apprehension, and when we walked in the back door which hung open, we saw people standing in the kitchen. I asked carefully, ―What’s wrong?‖
Lesson Seven
? 布里尔小姐是英国人，独自生活在法国，靠教几个孩子英语、给病人做伴谋生。她
是个老姑娘，孤独、敏感，很容易受得伤害。
Miss Brill, an English lady, lives alone in France, supporting herself by teaching children English and keeping company with the sick. As an old spinster, she is lonely, sensitive and easily hurt.
? 尽管阳光明媚——蓝天涂上了金色，巨大的光点犹如泼洒在公共花园里的白葡萄
酒——布里尔小姐很高兴自己还是决定戴上了狐皮围巾。空气是静止的，但是当你一旦张开嘴巴就会感觉到一丝凉意，就像你面对一杯冰水要喝一口之前的那种寒颤感觉，时而又有一片叶子飘荡着——不知来自何处，算是来自天空吧。布里尔小姐抬起手来抚摸她的毛皮衣服。可爱的小东西！再次感觉到很好。那个下午她把皮衣
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从箱子里的拿出来，抖掉防蛀粉，给它仔细地刷刷擦擦，活力又回到了她那朦胧的小眼睛离了。―我怎么了？‖忧伤的小眼睛说。哦，看见他们再次从红色羽绒服下盯着她是多么甜蜜！…但是那个鼻子，却是一些黑色素构成的，很不结实。那一定是有人敲门，不知有啥事。没关系——到时候轻轻涂上少量黑蜡封就是了——只是到了绝对必要时…小淘气！是的，她的确觉得是的。小淘气咬自己的尾巴正好就在她的左耳旁边。她能够让它下来，放在膝盖上，抚摸着它。她感觉到了手臂上有一种刺痛，不过那只是在行走时才有，她想。当她呼吸时，感觉到某种亮光和悲伤——不，确切地说不是悲伤——而是某种温柔的东西在她胸中涌动。
Although it was so brilliantly fine - the blue sky powdered with gold and great spots of light like white wine splashed over the Jardins Publiques - Miss Brill was glad that she had decided on her fur. The air was motionless, but when you opened your mouth there was just a faint chill, like a chill from a glass of iced water before you sip, and now and again a leaf came drifting - from nowhere, from the sky. Miss Brill put up her hand and touched her fur. Dear little thing! It was nice to feel it again. She had taken it out of its box that afternoon, shaken out the moth-powder, given it a good brush, and rubbed the life back into the dim little eyes. \has been happening to me?\said the sad little eyes. Oh, how sweet it was to see them snap at her again from the red eiderdown! ... But the nose, which was of some black composition, wasn't at all firm. It must have had a knock, somehow. Never mind - a little dab of black sealing-wax when the time came - when it was absolutely necessary ... Little rogue! Yes, she really felt like that about it. Little rogue biting its tail just by her left ear. She could have taken it off and laid it on her lap and stroked it. She felt a tingling in her hands and arms, but that came from walking, she supposed. And when she breathed, something light and sad - no, not sad, exactly - something gentle seemed to move in her bosom.
Lesson Eight
? 这篇课文叙述的是一个黑人女孩的故事，反映的却是一个重要的事实：黑人认识到
了自己的天才、智慧和力量。
This text tells a story about a black girl, reflecting an important fact—black people have realized their talent, wisdom and strength.
? 在经历了成年后的复杂生活后，我多次试图弄清楚为什么当年她送给我的礼物一下
子就让我陶醉了。书中的内容已经忘却，但余韵仍存。被准许，不，是被邀请进入一群陌生人的私人生活中，与他们共同分享喜悦和恐惧，这使我读贝奥武夫时就犹如喝一杯蜜酒，读奥立佛？特威斯特时，犹如饮一杯热奶茶，忘记了那犹如南方苦艾酒般的痛苦经历。当我大声地说―这比我做过的任何一件事都好得多‖时，我眼中涌出了爱的泪水，那是为了自己的忘我。
I have tried often to search behind the sophistication of years for the enchantment I so easily found in those gifts. The essence escapes but its aura remains. To be allowed, no,
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