warnings of eruptions. People’s belongings may still be destroyed, but at least lives can be saved.
24.What can we learn from the passage?
A. Tsunamis are produced by volcanic eruptions B. Quiet volcanic eruptions are not dangerous C. All volcanoes do not erupt quietly
D. Volcanoes erupted as soon as the earth was formed
25.How many volcanic eruptions are mentioned in the passage?
A. 6
B. 7
C. 8
D. 9
26.Why has Volcano Tambora been the most destructive since 1700?
A. Because its eruption killed the most people B. Because of the deaths and the disasters it caused C. Because it caused 82,000 deaths and tsunamis D. Because of the tsunamis and famine it caused
27.Which phenomenon indicates a coming volcanic eruption?
A. Many small earthquakes happen below a volcano B. The shape of the volcano becomes different C. Bubbles move towards a volcano D. A tsunami happens in the sea near it
C
One day a little boy, disgusted by his father’s decision to become a grocer, decides that
he will never grow up. Grocery is a dull job and staying a child is his protest against it. This strange little boy-man, never separated from a tin drum he is always playing, is our narrator of a tale that covers three crucial decades of the 20th century history. Little Oscar Matzerath will experience love, war and imprisonment as the hero of a story that paints an unforgettable picture of Central Europe between 1923 and 1954.
This is an overview of the story of The Tin Drun, the most famous work by the German
Nobel-winning author Günter Grass. Just as his most famous fiction is both the story of an individual and the story of an age, so it is that Grass’ life cannot be understood apart from the history of Germany. In part this is because he was a very political man, always with much to say about Germany and its relationship with the world. He was called “Germany’s conscience”, because he reminded Germans of a past-the Third Reich(1933-1945)-that many would have rather forgotten.
This sometimes made him unpopular and also, according to some, self-important. Many Germans
did not agree in 1989 when he said that East Germany and West Germany should remain separate, as a united country would be too strong and threaten the world’s peace. And Grass was called
a hypocrite(伪君子) when he revealed in his memoir(回忆录) Peeling the Onion(2006) that he had been a teenage member of the Waffen-SS, the Nazi party’s fighting force. The man who had condemned the actions of others had a less-than-perfect record himself.
Grass was a man of the pen and the page and also a man with a gift for speaking to the public.
His writing was noisy and annoying, but one had to listen to it, a little like the sound of the drum played by his most famous literary creation.
28.Why does the hero Oscar Matzerath refuse to grow up in The Tin Drum?
A. He wishes he could always play at his father’s grocery B. He considers it a way to escape from the war
C. He doesn’t want to be a grocer as his father expects
D. He is afraid to be separated from the drum he is always playing
29.What does the underlined word “revealed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Predicted
B. Warned
C. Realized
D. Exposed
30.Which of the following can best describe Grass?
A. Sympathetic
B. Controversial
C. Self-important
D.
Innocent
31.What would be the best title for the text?
A. Grass Never Forgotten
D
A team of engineers and architects from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) has
B. A German Soldier’s Work D. The History of Germany
C. The Hero of The Tin Drum
won the top prize for architecture in 2017’s international Mars City Design competition, which asks participants to design habitats that could one day be built on the Red Planet. This competition aims to solve the problem of building livable and sustainable(可持续) spaces on the Red Planet, from either the limited goods astronauts would be able to bring with them or local Martian resources.
MIT’s winning design, which the team calls Redwood Forest, is a collection of “tree
habitats” connected through a system of tunnels called “roots.” The roots would provide safe access to other tree habitats, private spaces and “shirt-sleeve transportation,” The tunnels would also provide protection from radiation, and extreme changes in temperature.
Each dome-shaped(半球形) tree habitat would house up to 50 people. The structures would
include private and public spaces as well as plants and water harvested from the northern plains of Mars.
“On Mars, our city will physically and functionally resemble a forest, using local Martian
resources such as ice and water, soil, and sun to support life,” MIT postdoctoral researcher Valentina Sumini said. Also like a forest, the “trees” would be vital in transporting water
throughout the system.
Each dome would have soft cells that would fill with water to help protect inhabitants from
radiation, manage heat loads and supply water to both fish and produce farms. The domes would also have solar panels to provide clean energy for charging hydrogen fuel cells and splitting water to create rocket fuel.
The Red wood Forest design could also have uses here on Earth, team members said. A similar
architecture could make severe environments like those at high altitudes and even the seafloor livable, and the habitat’s recommended gardening system could cut down on land and transportation costs.
32.What is the purpose of Mars City Design competition?
A. To develop local Martian resources C. To find ways to live on Mars
B. To solve problems on Mars
D. To store goods for astronauts
33.Why is MIT’s design called Redwood Forest?
A. Because trees are planted in it C. Because it has roots of trees
B. Because it functions as trees D. Because it is a collection of
trees
34.How is energy produced in the system?
A. By absorbing it from the sun C. By splitting water
B. By charging hydrogen fuel cells D. By using energy on Earth
35.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Humans can live in extreme conditions with this system B. The Redwood Forest design has been used on Earth C. The application of the system can reduce land
D. It is recommended that transportation costs be cut down
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Animal rights activists have been engaged in an increasing bitter war of words with hunters.
But foxes and farmers have never got on well. 36 They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their number down by shooting or poisoning them.
37 People often see a fox hunted across the countryside with a group of specially trained
dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it.
38 They wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.
It is estimated that up to 100 000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting has risen sharply. Nowadays
conflicts between hunters and fox protectors can happen. 39 But mostly protectors prevent the fox-hunting by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox’s smell, which the dogs follow.
Fighting between hunters and protectors has become so common that it is almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. 40 A Labor Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law to forbid the hunting of wild animals with dogs. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected.
A. Often these incidents result in violence B. They are very grateful to their kind protector
C. Those who are in favor of hunting think of it as a sport D. Farmers can also pay hunters to control the fox population E. Animal protectors argue that shooting and poisoning fox is illegal
F. Supporters of fox hunting this year face a much bigger threat to their sport. G. The seemingly cute animals have long been blamed for killing farm animals
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My parents, during the hard times, were forced to go on home relief(救济金). We 41 on the
first floor of a walk-up building in New York.
A few days before Christmas, I 42 a kitchen window to see my father sitting on the ground,
43 ,with tears in his eyes. The mailman was 44 our building and asked my father what was wrong.
I heard my father say he had 45 his food tickets and that the rent was 46 . He had tried
to work as a laborer, 47 he wasn’t strong enough, and the work had been too 48 for him. I was scared, having seen newspaper pictures of people being 49 on the street with all their 50 .
“Ike, how much do you need?” the mailman asked. My dad said he needed $33 for the 51 ,
and the mailman took out $50 52 and handed it to my father.
My dad said, “I don’t know when I’ll be able to pay you back.” The mailman 53 an arm
around my father and said it would be okay whether my dad paid him back or not.
The mailman noticed me and said, “Isaac, 54 won’t be this way forever. If you or your
son will 55 today, there will be times when 56 needs your help. Help them within your 57 and tell them what happened today. This will be my 58 . Merry Christmas.”
59 he lives, my father helped others when he could, and I’ve done my best to do my part
in paying his 60 back. 41.A. slept
B. lived
C. worked
D. stayed
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