40 They won’t come today.
他们今天不会来了。主谓，today作状语 41 You mustn’t talk loud.
你不能大声说话。主谓，副词loud作状语 42 You will close the door.
你要把门关住。主谓宾，名词the door做宾语 43 She decided to wait.
她决定去等。主谓宾，不定式短语to wait做宾语 44 I met one of my friends in Beijing. 我在北京遇到了我的一个朋友。主谓宾，名词性短语one of my friends做宾语，in Beijing做地点状语
45 He passed the exam last year.
去年他通过考试。主谓宾，名词the exam做宾语，last year做时间状语 46 China has a large population.
中国有着众多的人口。主谓宾，名词短语a large population做宾语 47 He knows a little English.
他懂得一些英语。主谓宾，名词短语a little English做宾语 48 I have received your letter.
我已经收到你的来信。主谓宾，名词短语your letter做宾语 49 The students answered the questions.
那些学生回答了那些问题。主谓宾，名词the questions做宾语 50 He is beginning a new life.
他开始了一种新的生活。主谓宾，名词短语a new life做宾语 51 He learned to ride a bike yesterday.
昨天他学骑自行车。主谓宾，不定式to ride a bike做宾语，yesterday时间状语 52 Have you finished writing?
你完成你的写作了吗？一般疑问句式，主谓宾，动名词writing做宾语 53 I suggest trying it once more.
我建议再试一下。主谓宾，动名词短语trying it做宾语，once more状语 54 I want to go to college.
我要去上大学。主谓宾，不定式短语to go to college做宾语 55 She often dances in the park.
她常常在公园跳舞。主谓，in the park，often都做状语 56 Kate often studies at school at night.
凯特在晚上常常在学校学习。主谓，at school at night ，often都做状语
五种基本句型之----主语＋谓语＋宾语（somebody）＋宾语(something)
这个句型比上面的句型多了个宾语，谓语后面已经是两个宾语了，那么谓语动词是及物动词是必定无疑了。这两个宾语放在一起叫双宾语（直接宾语+直接宾语），
例如: Lend me your dictionary ,please. 如果你还是搞不清楚什么是双宾语,记下下面这个句子: give me a book.一人一物做宾语就是双宾语.说得明白一点,这里的“双”就是两个
的意思。
此句型的关键是记住哪些动词后面要接双宾语，因为并不是所有的及物动词后面都可以接宾语的，只有少数的动词。此句型中的谓语动词后接两个宾语：前一个宾语称为\间接宾语\，多由代词或名词充当；后一个宾语称为\直接宾语\，往往由名词充当。这类句型常有\给某人某物\、\送某人某物\、\留给某人某物\等意思。（所有能带双宾语的动词含义的内核含有一个“给”字。常见的这类谓语动词有： give(给某人……),
bring(带给某人……), bring somebody something tell(告诉某人……), tell somebody something send(送给某人……), send somebody something leave(留给某人……), leave somebody something pass(递给某人……), pass somebody something read(给某人读……), read somebody something write(给某人写……), write somebody something take(给某人拿……), take somebody something show(给某人看……), show somebody something teach(教给某人……), teach somebody something get(给某人弄到……), get somebody something lend(借给某人……), lend somebody something buy(给某人买……), buy somebody something pay(支付给某人……), pay somebody something hand(递给某人……) 。hand somebody something
（注：上面各词的中文释义是刻意按照该词的常用动词句型而给的，以便于大 家更好地理解该词出现于哪个基本句型中。）
例如：She brought me a shirt .她给我带来一件衬衣。 Pass him the dictionary, please.请将词典递给他。 I lend him my bicycle.我把自行车借给他了。
五种基本句型之——主语＋谓语＋宾语 ＋宾语补足语
这个句型在有的语法书上又叫做主语＋谓语＋复合宾语，这里的复合宾语=宾语＋宾语补足语，这里又新增加一个“东东”：宾语补足语。说起宾语补足语来，我们先从初中你熟悉的三个句型说起
ask somebody to do something（邀请某人做某事） tell somebody to do something（告诉某人做某事） want somebody to do something （要求某人做某事） 由这三个句型构成的例句：
1、I asked him to have dinner.
谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
2、 He told me to clean the room.
谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
3、 Tom wanted me to meet him .
谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
我们看第一个句子，我邀请他吃饭，他（him）是作邀请（asked）的宾语，如果后面没有to have dinner ，句子意思就不完整，我邀请他，干什么呢？没说清楚，于是就有 to have dinner 来帮助说清楚，是吃饭的，在这里的to have dinner 就是宾语补足语，这是动词不定式短语作宾补。（你又在疑惑什么是动词不定式短语呢？大家知道，to do 是动词不定式，但是如果动词不定式中的动词带有宾语或者动词不定式中的动词有副词来修饰，这时的动词不定式就成为不定式短语了。比如 to do something 就是动词不定式短语，换句话说：这里 to have(动词不定式) to have dinner（动词不定式短语）。又比如：to run是动词不定式to run fast 是动词不定式短语）。
上面的三个句子都是不定式短语作宾语不足语来帮助宾语来补充说明，那么除了动词不定式（短语）作宾补之外，还有什么可以作宾补呢？
实际上，能够作宾补的有很多，我们这里只学习几种常见的： doing \\不带to的动词不定式\\介词短语\\形容词等等。请看下面的例句，注意观察划线的部分是有什么作的宾语补足语。
1、I saw a thief stealing something.(我看到一个贼正在偷东西) 2、He made me go home. (他让我回家)
3、Her mother kept her in the room .(她的妈妈让她待在房间里)
此句型的关键是记住那些动词后面是跟什么样的宾补。比如：我们可以说 ask somebody to do something (to do something 作宾补)我们就不能说 ask somebody doing something 换句话说，到底是跟动词不定式作宾补还是doing 作宾补是某些动词的“专利权”，不可侵犯。
下面我给大家想办法记住动词后面是跟什么样的宾补：
首先，哪些动词后面是跟带to的动词不定式（动词不定式可以分为带to的动词不定式和不带to的不定式两种，不带to的不定式实际上就是动词原形）作宾补的。 主要有：order somebody to do something want somebody to do something tell somebody to do something invite somebody to do something ask somebody to do something beg somebody to do something
(注意上面的有六个单词可以跟动词不定式作宾补，我们可以按照语气的强弱来记忆这几个单词：命令＞要求＞告诉＞邀请＞请求＞乞求)
此外，还有 advise somebody to do something allow somebody to do something warn somebody to do something teach somebody to do something 其次，哪些动词后面可以跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补的，我们可以用下面一句话来帮助你记忆：
一感二听三让五看半帮助
这里:一感（feel）二听（hear\\listen to ）三让（let \\make\\have）五看（see\\watch\\notice\\observe\\look at）半帮助（help）
即： feel hear listen to let make leave see watch notice observe look at help 上面这些词都是用于动词后面可以跟不带to的动词不定式，应熟记之。
最后，哪些动词后面是跟doing作宾补的，我们仍然可以借助上面的句子来记忆，上面的单词中除了三让（have\\let\\make）半帮助（help）不能跟dong作宾补之外， 其它都是可以的。（即：一感二听五看，实际上它们都属于感官动词）
练习四
判断下列句子是主谓+双宾语结构还是主谓+复合宾语，如果是主谓+复合宾语，请指出复合宾语是由什么充当的。
1. I watch the boy playing foot ball. 2. My good friend told me a story 3. Tom lent me a pencil.
4. LiLi noticed two dogs fight. 5. I looked at her flying a kite. 6. Please hand me the paper.
7. The lion ordered the hen to give him some eggs. 8. He wanted you to go with him.
9. Lu Yang told the little boy to go home. 10. She asks me to help her.
11. My parents leave me some money. 12. Lucy leads me a pencil. 13. Mother got me some tea.
14. LiLei found 100 yuan in the room. 15. He showed me her photos.
16. The fans made Lin Junjie a famous star. 17. Mom let me in.
18. The rich man bought his son an MP4. 19. The teacher observes the boy sleep. 20. The teacher made her monitor. 21. I saw the baby cry. 22. I paid him three yuan. 23. He passed me an eraser.
24. Lucy heard her neighbor singing 25. Tom teaches us English.
26. They asked the teacher to explain it again. 27. Let me read you his letter.
28. Would you sing us an English song? 29. I will lend you something.
30. Did you notice me leave the house.
练习四答案
判断下列句子是主谓+双宾语结构还是主谓+宾语+宾补，如果是主谓+宾语+宾补，请指出宾补是由什么充当的。
1. I watch the boy playing foot ball. 我看到那个男孩在踢足球。主谓+宾语+宾补。 playing foot ball做宾补
2. My good friend told me a story
我的好朋友给我讲了一个故事。主谓+双宾 3. Tom lent me a pencil.
汤姆借给我一个铅笔。主谓+双宾 4. LiLi noticed two dogs fight.
李利注意到两个豿在打架。主谓+宾语+宾补，fight做宾补 5. I looked at her flying a kite.
我看到她在放风筝。主谓+宾语+宾补。flying a kite做宾补 6. Please hand me the paper.
请递给我一张纸。主谓+双宾
7. The lion ordered the hen to give him some eggs.
那头狮子命令那只母鸡给他一些鸡蛋。主谓+宾语+宾补。 to give him some eggs做宾补
8. He wanted you to go with him.
他要你一起跟他去。主谓+宾语+宾补。to go with him做宾补 9. Li Yang told the little boy to go home.
李扬叫那个小男孩回家。主谓+宾语+宾补。to go home做宾补 10. She asks me to help her.
她请我去帮助她。主谓+宾语+宾补。to help her做宾补 11. My parents leave me some money. 我的父母亲留给我一些钱。主谓+双宾 12. Tom leads me a pencil. 汤姆借给我一只铅笔。主谓+双宾 13. Mother got me some tea . 妈妈给我取了一些茶。主谓+双宾
14. LiLei found 100 yuan in the room.
李蕾发现有100元在房间里/李蕾在房间里发现了100元。主谓+宾语+宾补。in the room做宾补
15. He showed me her photos. 他让我看了看她的照片。主谓+双宾
16. The fans made Lin Junjie a famous star. 那些粉丝们让林俊杰成为一个明星。主谓+双宾 17. Mom let me in.
妈妈让我进去。主谓+宾语+宾补。in做宾补
18. The rich man bought his son an MP4. 那个有钱人给他的儿子买了一个MP4。主谓+双宾 19. The teacher observes the boy sleep.
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