高一英语必修1 Unit 1 Friendship
Part 1. Warming up
1. 介词不同，含义有别：
be good to sb./sth. 对 … 好 be good for sb./sth. 对… 有好处 be good at (doing) sth. 擅长，精通 be good with sb./sth. 善于应付… 的 eg. She was very good to me when I was ill. Doing morning exercises is good for health. Tim is good at speaking English.
He is very good with children. 他对孩子很有一套。
2. add up 合计，把…加起来 add up to 合计达到…
add to 增加，增添 add A to B 把…加进…里面，把…和…相加 eg. Please add these figures up. These figures add up to 900.
The bad weather added to our difficulities. Please add some salt to the water. Add three to four and you get seven.
▲ add vt. 补充说 （后接that从句或者直接引语） eg. He added that they would return in a week. “And don’t be late,”she added.
3. point n.点，要点，观点，意义，得分 v.指着
be on the point of doing sth. when......=be about to do sht. when....正要做某事，这时...... There is no point (in) doing sth. 没有必要（意义）做某事 4. until与not … until
until表示动作、状态的持续，强调“一直到……为止”，或强调某个动作或状态一直持续到另一个动作或状态出现之前。常与表示延续性动作的动词连用。
not … until表示“到……为止；直到……才”，常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用。 eg. He lived with his parents until he graduated from college. The noise of the street didn’t stop until midnight.
5. finish sth./doing sth. 后跟动名词作宾语的动词或短语还有：admit, appreciate, avoid，consider，delay, enjoy，escape, feel like, forgive, get down to, give up, imagine，mind, miss（错过）, practice, suggest, risk，can't stand（不能忍受）, can’t help (忍不住），give up, put off等。 help sb.(to) do sth.
There is no way to escape doing the work. 没有办法逃脱做这项工作。
We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。 He put off paying the bills
6. get sth. done 使某事被做 ( get做使役动词，“使、叫、让”后接复合宾语 ) eg. When are you going to get your hair cut?
I must get my homework finished first before going out to play. He got his foot hurt while playing football.
▲ get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 eg. I will get him to do the work.
▲ get sb./sth. doing…使某人或者某物开始…起来eg. Let me try now. I will get the car going. ▲ get + n. + adj. 使… 成为某种状态 eg. Get everything ready. ★ 联想：have sth. done 使某事被做 have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
1
have sb./sth. doing 使某人或者某物持续做某事
“让某人做某事”的表达方法 let /make/have sb. do sth. get sb. to do sth. 7. Your friend comes to school very upset.
upset 此处为adj. 做主语补足语，用来补充说明主语的情况。 Eg. He went to bed cold and hungry. She got married young. ▲ upset的用法：
(1). adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的，不适的（多做表语） 搭配：be upset about sth. 为某事烦心 be upset that… 心烦
eg. She was really upset about losing the money.
I was upset that he had left without saying goodbye.
(2). vt. 使不安，使心烦(upset, upset) upset oneself about sth 为某事烦恼 Eg. Don’t upset yourself about it.
The bad news upset the boy’s mother. 8. ignore vt. 不理睬，忽视
eg. He ignored my advice, so he failed in this exam. Alice saw Jack coming, but ignored him.
ignorance n.无知 ignorant adj. 不知道的，无知的
be ignorance of/about sb./sth. 对某人/某物不知道 eg. I was ignorant(of the fact)that the boss should be so strict. 我不知道老板居然那样严格。 9. calm down vt./vi. （使）平静下来，（使）镇定下来 eg. The excited girl quickly calmed down.
He took a deep breath to calm himself down. ▲ calm adj. 平静的，镇静的，沉着的 eg. Keep calm.
After the storm, it became calm again. ▲ adj. calm, quiet, still, silent辨析：
calm 平静的，沉着的（指无风浪或者人的心情不激动）
quiet 安静的，宁静的（指没有声音，不吵闹或者心里没有烦恼，忧虑） still 静止的，不动的（指没有运动或者动作的状态） silent 沉默的，不出声的（指没有声音或者不讲话） 【一言辨异】
When facing danger, you should keep calm; when taken photos of, you should keep still; when someone else is asleep, you should keep quiet; in class, you shouldn’t keep silent about the teacher’s questions.
10. have got to 不得不，必须 (否定：haven’t got to) = have to（否定：don’t have to) eg. I have got to go to a meeting. Have you got to go now?
He hasn’t got to come tomorrow. 【说明】:
have got to 很少用于过去时态, have to 可用于各种时态；表示一次性动作时，两者可互换，表示习惯性动作，尤其句中有always, often 等时，应用have to. 11. concern （1）vt. (使)担忧，涉及，关系到 eg. She concerns herself about her son’s future.
2
The news concerns your brother.
▲ concern 做动词时，更多情况下用过去分词做表语。 搭配：① be concerned about/for sth. 为 … 担心，关心，关注，挂念 ② be concerned with sth. 与…有关，涉及 ③ as/so far as sb. be concerned 就某人而言 Eg. The family are all concerned about her safety. He was concerned with the matter.
As far as I am concerned, I don’t agree with you.
(2) n. [u]/[c] 担心，挂念，关注，利害关系；关心的事 Eg. show/express/feel/have concern about/for… 关心… with concern 关心地
At that time, one of his concerns was to go to college. 12. go on holiday 去度假
take care of = look after = care for walk the dog 遛狗
13. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose…
(1). While walking the dog = While you were walking the dog是一个由while引导的省略的时间状语从句。
【点拨】 在when/while引导的时间状语从句，where引导的地点状语从句，if/unless/once引导的条件状语从句，as/as if引导的方式状语从句，though/although/even if引导的让步状语从句中，若主从句主语相同，且从句谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式，则从句的主语和be动词可以省略；或者当从句主语为it，且从句谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式，这时省略it和be动词。 Eg. ① While reading a book, I heard a knock on the door. ② When taken into a warm house, a piece of ice becomes smaller and smaller until in the end it disappears completely. ③ Fill the blanks with a proper word where necessary. ④ Once seen, it will never be forgotten. ⑤ The workers just carried out the order as told. ⑥ Even if invited, I won’t go to the party. ⑦ Mr Green, though old, did the job very well.
⑧ We should speak English whenever possible. 请试着把以上省略的状语从句补充完整。
(2). get loose 变松 (“get + adj.”构成系表结构，意为“变得…”) Eg. It is getting darker and darker outside. ▲ “get + 过去分词”构成系表结构： ① 表示被动。Eg. get burnt被烫伤 get hurt受伤 get killed被杀 get caught被抓 ② 表示自身发出的动作。
Eg. get changed换衣服 get dressed穿衣服 get married结婚 get washed洗脸 ▲ “get + v-ing” 构成系表结构：（意为“某人/某物开始做…”, 表示主动） Eg. get moving/working
14. You are taking your end-of-term exam. 你就要参加期末考试了。
现在进行时有时也用来表示按计划安排即将发生的动作,常有“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义。
3
Eg. We are going to Mexico next Sunday. He is leaving for Shanghai.
▲ 一般现在时也可用来表示即将发生的动作，但常指按时刻表要发生的事情。 Eg. The train leaves London at six.
15. cheat vi. 作弊，欺诈eg. cheat in/on an exam 考试作弊 ▲ cheat vt. 欺骗，骗取
cheat sb.(out) of sth. 骗取某人某物cheat sb. into doing sth. 骗某人做某事 eg. They are cheating her out of money.
He cheated her into buying the fake diamond. 他骗她买了那颗假钻石。 16. should have done = ought to have done
表示“过去本来应该做某事而实际上没有做”，含有责备的意味。 Eg. You should have come here five minutes ago.
The plant is dead. I should have given it more water.
▲ shouldn’t have done = oughtn’t to have done
表示“过去本来不应该做某事而实际上做了”。 Eg. They shouldn’t have left without saying goodbye. You shouldn’t have made such foolish mistakes.
Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending 1. make a list of = list v. 列表，列单子
eg. They made a list of candidates （候选人）after discussion. make用法： make+宾语+宾语补足语
（1）“make＋宾语＋n.” 意为“使、让某人 / 某物(成为)……”。如： We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。
（2）“make＋宾语＋adj.” 意为 “使某人 / 某事(变得)……”。如： The news that our team had won made us very happy.
当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。如：
I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一个条件，人人都要准时。 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。 （3）“make＋宾语＋do sth.（不带to的不定式）”意为 “使某人做某事”。如: Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老师使得我们感到更自信了。 在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式 to 要还原。如：
The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。 相关链接：have, make, let等使役动词和see, hear, listen to, look at, watch, notice, observe 等感官动词都可接不带to的不定式作宾补。help后可带to,也可不带to。如： Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。 Did you see him go out? 你看见他出去了吗？
I often help my mother (to) do some housework. 我经常帮助妈妈做些家务。
（4）“make＋宾语＋Ｖ-ed（过去分词作宾补）”这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作，表示被动的意思，意为 “使某人 / 某事被……”。如：
The strange noise made us frightened. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。 The good news made us excited. 这个好消息使我们兴奋。
友情提示：通常情况下，make后的宾语是反身代词时，作宾补的动词要用过去分词，即：make oneself＋V-ed （heard, known, understood）。如：
4
He couldn't make himself heard above the noise of the traffic. 在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到。
但有时，根据句子意思也可用其他形式。如：
The little child stood on the chair to make himself look taller. 那个小孩儿站在椅子上，使他看上去更高些。 （ 5）“make+宾语+V-ing（现在分词）”这一结构表示的意思是“使某人 / 某事一直在……”。现在分词与宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。如：
He makes the boy standing all the time. 他让那个男孩一直站着。
常接V-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find等感官动词和look at, listen to等短语动词以及have, keep, get, make等使役动词。
现在分词作宾补和不带 to 的不定式作宾补的区别是：现在分词一般表示动作正在进行，而不带 to 的不定式则一般表示动作已经完成。如： I saw him putting his hand into his pocket. (动作正在进行) I saw him put his hand into his pocket. (动作已经完成) 2. go through ① 经历，经受 All of them have gone through the war. ② 通过，穿过 This road goes through the forest. ③ 仔细检查，搜查 The police went through the building, hoping to catch the thief. ④ 做完，完成 go through (with) sth. eg. go through (with) the work ⑤ 用光，花掉 I have gone through all the envelopes (信封)I bought last week. 3. hide away ① vi. 躲藏起来
eg. The thief hid away in a friend’s house for several weeks after the robbery(抢劫). ② vt. 把 … 隐藏起来 eg. Why do you hide your thoughts away from me? 4. 总结conj. before 的用法: ① 在…之前 You’d better think it over before you make a decision. ② …之后才… We walked for nearly three hours before we arrived at the village. ▲ 这时，常用句型为：
It will (not) be + 时间段 + before从句（从句用一般现在时态） It was (not) + 时间段 + before从句（从句用一般过去时态） 肯定形式译为“…之后才…”；否定形式译为“没过多长时间就…” Eg. It will be ten years before we meet again. It wasn’t long before he told me about it. ③ 还未来得及…就…，不等…就… He rushed out of the room before I could say a word. ④ 趁着还没有…就… I must write it down before I forget it. 5. set down vt. 记下，写下，登记；放下；让某人下车 eg. You don’t have to set down all that your teacher said. Please set yourself down. 请登记。 Set down the heavy bags and take a rest. Please set me down at the next corner.
6. a series of (+ 复数名词) 一连串，一系列，一套 eg. a series of questions/books/pictures ▲ series n. 单复数相同，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于series的单复数。 Eg. There has been a series of car accidents at the crossing. Three series of papers are handed out to the students.
7.I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do … 我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水帐……
5
相关推荐：
loading