The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock \end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements. Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, \instead of eating a piece of yesterday's bread from the supermarket, you'd eat something baked just for you on demand.\Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.
（1）What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production? www-2-1-cnjy-com A. It helps cooks to create new dishes. B. It saves time and effort in cooking. C. It improves the cooking conditions. D. It contributes to restaurant decorations. （2）What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraphs 3?
A. It solves food shortages easily. B. It quickens the transportation of food.
C. It needs no space for the storage of food. D. It uses renewable materials as sources of food. （3）According to Paragraph 4, 3D-printed food _____________.
A. is more available to consumers B. can meet individual nutritional needs C. is more tasty than food in supermarkets D. can keep all the nutrition in raw materials
（4）What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely? A. The printing process is complicated. B. 3D food printers are too expensive. C. Food materials have to be dry. D. Some experts doubt 3D food printing. （5）What could be the best title of the passage?
A. 3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology B. A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing C. The Challenges for 3D Food Production D. 3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table
20.（2018?天津）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。D
Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first.
Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers
who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a \They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.
The pressures of \headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them. I asked them what they'd seen. \said. They seemed bent on their destinations.
Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.
（1）According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more ____________. A. anxious to do wonders B. sensitive to others' feelings
C. likely to develop unpleasant habits D. eager to explore the world around them （2）What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?
A. To avoid jumping to conclusions. B. To stop complaining all the time. C. To follow the teacher's advice. D. To admit mistakes honestly. （3）The bird watchers' behavior shows that they __________.
A. are very patient in their observation B. are really fascinated by nature
C. care only about the names of birds D. question the accuracy of the field guides （4）Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?
A. The natural beauty isn't attractive to them. B. They focus on arriving at the camp in time.
C. The forest in the dark is dangerous for them. D. They are keen to see rare birds at the destination. （5）In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________.
A. fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world B. get rid of some bad habits in our daily life C. open our mind to new things and ideas D. try our best to protect nature 四、阅读表达
21.（2018?天津）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Some people live to climb the highest mountains. Some people live only dreaming about it while others live to avoid ever climbing at all. But one thing is certain, all people encounter mountains in their life.
When I was a little girl, my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain. One day after school, while exploring the green woods of this magnificent mountain, I almost fell on a set of stairs. What could these steps lead to? Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon. I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps.
I climbed and climbed. There was nothing but just green bushes and these steps. I had to reach the top! But it was now getting real dark. If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back. My mom would be worried sick if I didn't come home soon. So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared.
Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain. Could there be a castle up there? Maybe I would find a monster(怪物). Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back home. Or, maybe all I would find was absolutely nothing! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost. I could hardly wait to try this adventure again.
Now we live in a world surrounded by the \do\attitudes. We all fall down. We all have doubts and regrets. Still we must climb and dream about what's at the top of our mountain. Monsters may appear or the night will fall. But never ever give up on your dream! Never let anyone tell you, \high!
（1）What made the author start to climb up the stairs to the mountain top? (no more than 5 words)
（2）Why did the author hurry back home without reaching the top of the mountain? Give two reasons. (no more than 15 words) 21cnjy.com
（3）How would you describe the author in terms of personalities according to Paragraph 4? (no more than 10 words)
（4）How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (no more than 5 words) （5）What's your attitude towards the \ 五、书面表达
22.（2018?天津）假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校，他曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队，参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少学机器人技能竞赛。请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件。 ⑴比赛的时间、地点； ⑵邀请他的原因；
⑶训练计划将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议。 注意：
⑴词数不少于100；
⑵可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； ⑶开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：
世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics Competition Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you.
I'm looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Jin
答案解析部分
一、单项填空：从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.【解析】【分析】句意：——琼现在不是应该在这儿吗？——不用担心，在大约20分钟内她将会到这儿的。A. all right“好，行”；B. Don't worry“别担心”；C. No wonder“难怪”；D. Enjoy yourself“玩得开心”。根据答句中的She will be there in about twenty minutes.可以判断：不需要担心琼，她一会儿就到。故选B。 【点评】考查交际用语，区分All right；Don't worry；No wonder；Enjoy yourself的含义和使用环境。 2.【解析】【分析】句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语，故用关系代词whose。故选C。 【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
3.【解析】【分析】句意：起初，罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了，因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in“屈服，让步”；B. dressed up“打扮”；C. broke in“闯入，打断”；D. turned up“出现”。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知，最终他让步了。故选A。 【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析，区分give in；dress up；break in；turn up的含义。 4.【解析】【分析】句意：让我们这个周末再摘这些桃子，这样的话，它们吃起来就变得足够的甜。A. ever since“自那时起”；B. as if“好像”；C. even though“尽管”；D. so that“以便”。从句为目的状语从句，故用so that引导。选D。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及so that引导的目的状语从句的应用。
5.【解析】【分析】句意：——我在几天内会搬家，我想知道你是否能帮忙。——没问题，只需要让我知道什么时候，我就会到那儿。A. You bet“没问题”；B. It depends“看情况而定”；C. Forget it“算了吧”；D. No kidding“别开玩笑”。根据答句中的Just let me know when, and I'll be there.可以判断：他/她一定会帮忙。故答案选A。
【点评】考查交际用语，区分You bet；It depends；Forget it；No kidding的含义和使用环境。
6.【解析】【分析】句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice“建议”；B. order“命令”；C. possibility“可能性”；D. invitation“邀请”。故选C。 【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分advice；order；possibility；invitation的含义。
7.【解析】【分析】句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语，选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作宾语补足语的应用。
8.【解析】【分析】句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display“显示”；B. acquire“获得”；C. teach“教”；D. test“测试”。故选B。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分display；acquire；teach；test的含义。
9.【解析】【分析】句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故答案选C。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及whoever引导的宾语从句的应用。
10.【解析】【分析】句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done，再根据后句but I'm not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选D。 【点评】考查情态动词表推测和虚拟语气，以及could have done的应用。
11.【解析】【分析】句意：鲍勃认为他不能去参加聚会，因为他不得不写一份报告，但他终究去了。A. at first“起初”；B. after all“毕竟，终究”；C.above all“首先”；D. at random“随便地”。根据前面的转折连词可知，与前面情况相反，故选B。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分at first；after all；above all；at random的含义。
12.【解析】【分析】句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。mean to do固定短语，“打算做”；couldn't help doing固定短语，“忍不住做”。故选D。
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