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阅读理解组合练(三)
(限时30分钟)
A
(2017·苏、锡、常、镇四市高三调研)
“Inthepastgoingtothedentistwasn'talwayseasy, buttodayitIS!Newdentaltechnologieslikeairabrasion (研磨) meanupto 80% ofpatientsdon'tevenneedashot!Otherstate-of-the-artadvancementsmakeyourtreatmentcompletelycomfortable. affordabledentalcare.” —Dr. JohnB. Gentle
Total Family Care Children very welcome Comfortable ultrasonic cleaning Sealants to prevent holes Fluoride treatments Lifelike false teeth and partials Tomorrow's Dentistry Today Air abrasion means dentistry without drills or needles！ In-mouth camera examination provides unmatched diagnostic accuracy Computer imaging shows the results before work is done Cosmetics (美容) For Your Best Smile Teeth whitening — fast results, very affordable Mercury (汞)-free, white fillings — match your natural teeth Porcelain crowns for stained or and Conveniences 24 hour emergency treatment Cable TV in every room Free second opinion Prepayment discounts Interest-free financing Insurance accepted Credit cards and online pay accepted Callmeifyouwantgentle, treatment Call now for your free in-mouth camera examination： 最新精选中小学试题、试卷、教案、教育资料
bad-looking teeth Natural-looking, durable 语篇解读：本文是一则广告，介绍了一家牙科诊所的先进技术、家庭式服务和便利设施等。 1．Who might be most interested in this advertisement? A．Those who want to receive tooth treatment. B．Those who want to become dentists.
C．Those who want to sell tooth medical equipment. D．Those who want to write an article on tooth care.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段中的“going to the dentist”“Call me if you want gentle, affordable dental care.”可知，这则广告可能会吸引需要治疗牙齿的人。
2．According to the advertisement, those who may go to the dentist's are probably attracted by________.
A．free emergency treatment
B．cheapest natural-looking cosmetics C．new dental technologies
D．discounted in-mouth camera examination
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“New dental technologies ... Other state-of-the-art advancements make your treatment completely comfortable”及Tomorrow's Dentistry Today部分的内容可知，新的牙科技术可能是其吸引人之处。
B
(2017·苏、锡、常、镇四市高三调研)With a presidential campaign, health care and the gun control debate in the news these days, one can't help getting sucked into the flame wars that are Internet comment threads. But psychologists say this addictive form of vitriolic (刻薄)
最新精选中小学试题、试卷、教案、教育资料
back and forth should be avoided — or simply checked by online media outlets — because it
actually damages society and mental health.
A perfect storm of factors comes together to cause the rudeness and aggression seen in the comments sections of web pages, said Markman, a professor of psychology at the University of Texas at Austin. First, commenters are often nearly nameless, and thus, unaccountable to their rudeness. Second, they are at a distance from the target of their anger — be it the article they're commenting on or another comment on that article — and people tend to go against distant abstractions more easily than living, breathing talkers. Third, it's easier to be nasty in writing than in speech, hence the now somewhat out-of-date practice of leaving angry notes (back when
people used paper), Markman said.
And finally, Edward Wasserman, Knight Professor in Journalism Ethics at Washington and Lee University, noted another cause of the vitriol: bad examples set by the media. “Unfortunately, mainstream media have made a fortune teaching people the wrong ways to talk to each other. People understandably conclude anger is the political vernacular (行话), that this is how public ideas
are talked about，” Wasserman wrote in an article on his university's website “Itisn't.”In Markman's opinion, media outlets should cut down on the anger and hatred that have become the model in reader exchanges. “It's valuable to allow all sides of an argument to be heard. To a greater degree, someone who is making a reasonable point but in an angry tone is hurting the nature of the argument, because they are prompting people to respond in a similar way，”
he said.
For their part, people should seek out actual human beings to communicate with, Markman said — and we should make a point of including a few people in our social circles who think differently from us. “You'll develop a healthy respect for people whose opinions differ from your own; the back-and-forth negotiation that goes on in having a conversation with someone
you don't agree with is a skill and it's not easy to master it，” Markman said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。网络上的针对某一话题进行的愤怒评论其实是有害于社会和心理健康的，文中建议人们要理智地交流并尊重那些与自己的意见不同的人们。
3．Why do psychologists encourage people to stop attacking each other online? A．The social problems are too complex to figure out. B．The online media outlets will review the comments. C．The action does harm to society and individuals. D．The Internet users are easily attached to hot topics.
解析：选C 细节理解题。从文章第一段第二句话可以看出心理学家呼吁人们避免网络攻击，并给出理由“because it actually damages society and mental health”，即网络攻击实际上对社会和(个人的)心理健康有害，所以C项正确。
最新精选中小学试题、试卷、教案、教育资料
4．What can we learn from the analysis by Markman? A．People are cautious to make vitriolic remarks online. B．The targets online are more likely to be commented on.
C．Understanding the literal meaning is easier than oral language. D．An argument in an angry tone can promote its power.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A perfect storm of factors comes together to cause the rudeness and aggression seen in the comments sections of web pages”以及下文列出的三个具体原因可推知，网上评论的某些特性使得网络上的(攻击)对象更易招致评论，所以B项正确。
5．What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage? A．To show different ways of expressing opinions. B．To reveal the severe problems of the public media. C．To raise the awareness of proper communication.
D．To urge people to carry out actual offline communication.
解析：选C 写作目的题。本篇文章某种程度上采用了典型的“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”的结构，所以解决问题是文章的主要意图。从最后一段可以看出解决问题的方法，即要允许并尊重不同观点的存在且掌握和与自己观点不同的人沟通、协商的技巧，而C项“提升(人们)正确交流的意识”对文章的解读正与此相对应，所以C项正确。
C
(2017·南京市、盐城市高三模拟)Last year Congress issued a moral call to action when it ordered the National Institutes of Health to reevaluate its ethical oversight (伦理上的疏忽) of government-funded primate (灵长类) research. Although the scientific community widely sees nonhuman primates as essential for advances in biomedicine (they have caused major gains in the fights against AIDS and neurological diseases such as Parkinson's, for example), researchers agree more can be done to treat the animals more humanely and conduct research less wastefully. To that end, the NIH gathered famous scientists last September to discuss the future of
primate-based research — and they agreed that data sharing is the way forward.
Researchers could reduce experiments on nonhuman primates by studying data that have already been collected to answer new questions, says David O'Connor, a pathologist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. O'Connor is walking_the_walk:_his laboratory studies the Zika virus in primates, and he immediately posts all the results online. The goal is to figure out ways to fight Zika as quickly as possible without placing an undue burden on research primates. The Seattle-based Allen Institute for Brain Science, which uses rhesus macaques, small South Asian monkeys, to study the molecular basis of brain development, also makes all results public. O'Connor says this practice should be more widespread so that “researchers who are using this scarce but vital resource can learn as much as possible from as few animals as necessary”. Still, he is skeptical that data sharing will catch on because it would require a change in
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