2017届武进区高三英语期中试卷
8 As Musk said, space travel is extremely dangerous. There are many unknowns, like how radiation will affect passengers aboard the ITS and how much training humans will need to be able to withstand the forces of takeoff and landing. 58. Elon Musk thinks it necessary to colonize Mars because _____. Para 2 A. Earth can no longer sustain (养活) masses of people B. it is a good chance to be a multi-planet species C. human race has no future if it doesn’t go to space D. mankind can achieve its ambition of space travel 59. Which of the following is Not the technological features of ITS? A. the reusability of the booster B. a second fueling up in solar orbit Para 4 C. probability of making propellant (推进燃料) fuel on Mars D. methane-based fuel instead of kerosene 60. The passage is mainly about _____. Para 1 A. Elon Musk’s plan to colonize Mars B. how humans will get to Mars C. the possibility of Mars immigration D. what dangers space travel may have C
1 Now famine has ended in much of the world, but it still threatens parts of Africa. According to the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), some 2 billion of the world’s 7.3 billion people do not have enough to eat. Moreover, by 2050, the total population is expected to grow to almost 10 billion and 70% more food will be needed than what was produced in 2009. That is a tall order (离谱的要求、难办的事情). But it is not impossible.
2 Since the time of Thomas Malthus, an economist writing a little over 200 years ago, people have worried that population growth would exceed (胜过) food supply. So far, it has not. But neo-Malthusians (新马尔萨斯主义者) spot worrying signs. One is that in some places the productivity of staples (主食) such as rice and wheat has reached a plateau (停滞期). Neither new strains (品种) nor fancy chemicals are raising output. 3 Nor is there much unfarmed land left that is suitable to be ploughed. A source of food Malthus did not foresee was the opening up of the American prairies(大草原), helping the food supply greatly. But such new lands are pretty much used up. Also, because of global rising temperatures, some places will become unfarmable — particularly poor, tropical (热带) regions. 4 But these concerns can be overcome by two things: the application and spread of technology, and the operation of sensible government policies. 5 Agricultural technology is changing fast. Techniques developed in the West that can create crops with special properties are being adopted to make tropical crops both more productive and more nutritious. Such smart techniques, with new techniques of genetic modification, should break through the output plateaus. It can also produce crops with properties (性能、特点) such as drought- and heat-resistance that will reduce the effects of global warming.
6 Technology is of little use, though, if it is not adopted. In the developing world that applies as much to existing farming techniques as it does to the latest advances in genetic modification. It would get humans quite a long way towards a 70% increase in output. So would things like better roads, to allow for the carriage of surpluses (盈余) to markets. This would encourage productivity 第 5 页 共 18 页
2017届武进区高三英语期中试卷 growth and reduce waste. 7 Indeed, government policy to reduce waste more generally would make a huge difference. The FAO says that about a third of food is lost due to bad harvesting practices, poor storage and slow transport. Changing that would take another big bite out of the 70% increase. 8 Despite all the barriers, in the six years following the FAO analysis production rose by 11%. If growth like that continues, it should not only be possible to feed the 10 billion, but to feed them well.
61. The factors responsible for the output plateau don’t include _____. A. over-farming of prairies Para 3 B. global rising temperatures Para 3 C. lack of farmable land Para 3 D. no new strains or chemicals Para 2 62. What’s the key message that Paragraph 5 and 6 convey? Para 5-6 A. Agricultural technology is undergoing great changes. B. Great progress in genetic modification will increase output. C. Crops that can resist drought and heat have been developed. D. Technology application is the top priority to the developing world. 63. The underlined phrase in Para 7 is closest in meaning to “_____”. Para 7 A. have a bad effect on B. make great reductions in C. make contributions to D. rule out the possibility of 64. What can be the best title for the passage? Para 1&8 A. Reach an output plateaus B. Feed the ten billion C. Encourage productivity growth D. Apply agricultural technology
D
1 I was sent, at an early age, to a public school against my mother’s wishes, but my father insisted that it was the only way to make boys hardy. The school was kept by a responsible person of the ancient system; that is to say, we were flogged (鞭打) soundly when we did not get our lessons. We were put into classes and flogged on in groups along the highways of knowledge, in the same manner as cattle are driven to market, where those that are heavy in pace or short in leg have to suffer for the superior quickness or longer legs of their companions.
2 For my part, I admit it with shame, I was quite poor in lessons. I have always had the poetical feeling. I used to get away from my books and school whenever I could, and wander about the fields.
3 In spite of all the floggings I suffered at that school to make me love my book, I cannot but look back upon the place with fondness. Indeed, I considered this frequent flogging as the regular mode in which scholars were made. My kind mother used to be sad about my details of the painful trials I underwent in the course of learning; but my father turned a deaf ear to her disapproval. He had been flogged through school himself, and swore there was no other way of making a man of (many) parts (多才多艺的、多面手); though, let me speak it with all due respect, my father was but an indifferent illustration of his own theory, for he was considered quite a stupid.
4 My poetical temperament (气质) showed itself at a very early period. The Village church was attended every Sunday by a neighboring squire (庄园主), whose park stretched quite
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2017届武进区高三英语期中试卷
to the village, and whose spacious country seat seemed to take the church under its protection. Indeed, you would have thought the church had been devoted to him instead of to the God. He always entered a little late, striking his cane (敲着拐杖) emphatically (断然、明显的) on the ground, and looking proudly to the right and left. The priest never began service until he appeared. He sat with his family in a large church bench, reading lessons and lowliness of spirit out of prayer-books. Whenever the priest spoke of the difficulty of a rich man’s entering the kingdom of heaven, I thought the squire seemed pleased with the application.
5 The aristocratical (贵族的) air of the family struck my imagination wonderfully, and I fell desperately in love with a little daughter of the squire’s about twelve years of age. It made me more absent from my studies than ever. I used to wander about the squire’s park, and would wait secretly near the house to catch glimpses of this girl at the windows.
6 I was not brave enough to take the risk to express my love until I read one or two of Ovid’s Metamorphoses, when I pictured myself as some wood god, and she a shy wood goddness, whom I was in pursuit of. There is something extremely delicious in these early awakenings of the loving passion. I now began to read poetry. I carried about in my chest a book of poems by Waller, and I applied to my little fair one all the admiration given to Sacharissa.
7 At length (详尽地、最终地) I danced with her at a school ball. I was so awkward that I dared scarcely speak to her; but I was so inspired that my poetical temperament for the first time broke out in poetry. I slipped (把…塞进…) the poem, trembling and blushing (脸红), into her hand the next Sunday as she came out of church. She handed them to her mamma; the mamma handed them to the squire, the squire, who had no soul for poetry, sent them in anger to the school-master; and the school-master gave me a sound flogging.
65. The author’s father sent his son to a public school mainly _____. Para 1 A. to learn more knowledge B. to develop his responsibility C. to toughen the boy up D. to meet upper class people
66. The schooling is compared to driving cattle to market to make the point that _____. Para 1 A. students’ individuality was discouraged B. students were punished for poor performances C. students are grouped according to ability D. students were treated inhumanely
67. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that _____. Para 3 A. the author believed one had to be punished to learn well B. the author’s father got on well in school in his youth D. the author had great respect for his father D. the author’s parents were on bad terms
68. Which best describes the author’s tone in introducing the squire? Para 4 A. admiring B. sceptical C. ironical (讽刺的) D. approving 69. The name Sacharissa is _____. Para 6 A. the name of wood godness in Ovid’s Metamorphosis B. the first name of the girl with whom the author falls in love C. a name invented by the author because he didn’t know the girl’s real name
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2017届武进区高三英语期中试卷 D. the woman to whom the poet Waller wrote love poems 70. Which of the following best describes the author’s feelings in the passage? Para 3 A. Glad that those years are gone B. Bitter about the way he was treated by adults C. Amused by the trials of growing up D. Regretful for the days of his boyhood 四、任务型阅读
1 Friends do your health so many favors (71). They protect your health as much as quitting smoking and a great deal more than exercising.
2 “Strong social relationships support mental health, and that ties into better immune function, reduced stress and less cardiovascular (心血管) activation (活化),” says Dr. Debra Umberson, a sociologist at the University of Texas, Austin. Umberson says emotional support is just one of a dozen ways friends may safeguard your health and extend your life.
3 However, unfortunately many of us don’t have enough of them. According to data from the General Social Survey, the number of Americans who say they have no (74) close friends has roughly tripled (三倍) (73) in recent decades. “Zero” is also the most common response when people are asked how many confidants they have. And adult men seem to be especially (75) bad at keeping and cultivating friendships.
4 That may seem strange in the era of Facebook, Twitter and boundless digital connectivity (72) . But the “friends” orbiting at the farthest reaches of your digital galaxy (星系) aren’t the ones that matter when it comes to your health and happiness.
5 The vital friendships — the friends you hug and laugh and cry with (76) — are the ones who have the greatest impact on your health and happiness. You need between three and five of them for the best wellbeing, suggests research from Dr. Robin Dunbar, an evolutionary psychologist at the University of Oxford.
6 Dunbar recognized that the size of a human’s social network might be limited by (77) the size of a certain part of the human brain called the neocortex (新大脑皮层), a critical site for higher brain functions. After some complicated study, he came up with a figure now known as “Dunbar’s number”, the approximate size of a person’s social circle. Dunbar’s research shows that your brain can’t hold a close connection with more than 150 (78). Within that group, your closest 15 relationships — including family members or relatives — seem to be most crucial when it comes to your mental and physical health.
7 But that’s not to say a brother or sister offers you the same benefits as a close friend, Dunbar says. While your relatives are more likely to be there for you when you need help, your good friends tend to fire up your nervous system and cause the release of feel-good neuropeptides (神经肽) called endorphins (脑内啡). Whether you’re laughing with your friend or feeling him or her touch your shoulder in sympathy, the resulting rush of endorphins seems to “tune” up your immune system, protecting you from disease (79), Dunbar explains.
8 So yes, for the sake of your health, you need friends — ideally the really close kind you see face-to-face on a regular basis (80).
Theme Friends can provide emotional support, which is (71) beneficial/ helpful to our mental and physical health. 第 8 页 共 18 页
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