江苏省句容市后白中学中考英语语法复习 非谓语动词 牛津版

江苏省句容市后白中学中考英语语法复习 非谓语动词 牛津版

【要点提示】 【要点概述】

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、v-ing 形式和动词的过去分词。非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制。非谓语动词既有动词性质，又有非动词性质。非谓语动词的否定式都是在其前加not构成。动词不定式的被动式为“to be + 过去分词”；v-ing形式的被动式为“being + 过去分词”。 【考点分述】

1. 动词不定式的形式有两种：一种是带to的，另一种是不带to的。动词不定式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。

2. 动词不定式与v-ing形式可作宾语，归纳如下： 只跟动词不定式作宾语的动词 afford, agree, decide, expect, fail, hope, offer, plan, pretend, refuse, wish等 consider, enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, suggest, give up, look forward to等 like, love, begin, start, prefer 等 try, remember, forget等 只跟v-ing 形式作宾语的词语 既可跟动词不定式也可跟v-ing 形式作宾语，且意义区别不大的动词 既可跟动词不定式也可跟v-ing 形式作宾语，但意义上有差别的动词

3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语时，有时带to，有时不带to。常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask, tell, allow, want, wish等；而在某些使役动词（如make, have, let等）和感官动词（如hear, see, watch, notice等）后作宾语补足语的动词不定式通常不带to，但当句子变为被动语态、动词不定式作主语补足语时，就要带to。

4. 有些使役动词和感官动词后既可接动词不定式也可接v-ing 形式作宾语补足语，动词不定式强调动作的完成，v-ing 形式则强调动作正在发生。

5. 动词不定式作状语，多表目的；v-ing 形式作状语，可表示原因、时间、伴随等。 6. “疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构相当于名词短语，在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等。

7． 动词的过去分词所表示的动作常与其所修饰的词之间是被动关系。 【专项练习】

Ⅰ. 请根据句意，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. He didn’t finish_______________ (read) the book until last week.

2. Without _____________ (hear) from Simon, I decided_____________ (write) to him again.

3. They will go to the station _______________ (meet) the guests. 4. How long did it take you __________ (do) your homework yesterday? 5. My hobby is_______________ (make) kites.

6. It is my pleasure _______________ (ask) to speak here.

7. Sorry, I forgot _______________ (return) your CD today. I’ll give it to you tomorrow.

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8. Mary is heard_______________ (sing) English songs every morning.

9. The students are not allowed to get their hair______________ (colour).

10. When I opened the door, I noticed someone _______________ (sit) by her and _______________ (talk) with her.

Ⅱ. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

( )1. Last month my mother went to the shop_____________ a new bike for me. A. to buy B. buy C. bought D. buying ( )2. When they walked along the river, they heard someone_________ for help. A. called B. to call C. calling D. calls ( )3. —I’m sorry I left my exercise book at home.

—Don’t forget _______________ it to school tomorrow, please.

A. to take B. taking C. to bring D. bringing ( )4. Would you mind_____________ the TV? I’m making a phone call. A. to turn up B. turning down C. to turn down D. turning up

( )5. I enjoy ____________very much, but I don’t like in the dirty lake. A. swimming, swim B. to swim, to swim C. to swim, swimming D. swimming, to swim ( )6. Remember not___________ late for class again.

A. to being B. to be C. been D. be ( )7. The boy made his mother _____________ at last. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughs D. laughed

( )8. It often takes me half an hour _____________home.

A. walking B. walk C. to walk D. walked ( )9. The boy______________ Jimmy is my new classmate.

A. call B. calling C. called D. to call ( )10. Who is the boy_______________ under the tree?

A. stands B. standing C. to stand D. stood ( )11. We ordered the dog _______________ outside.

A. to stay B. stay C. stayed D. staying

( )12. We are often told_____________ at people who make mistakes. A. not to smile B. to smile C. not to laugh D. to laugh ( )13. Do you know _______________ a house?

A. to build B. build C. built D. how to build

( )14. You didn’t hear us come in last night, because we tried_________ any noise. A. not making B. not to make C. to make D. making ( )15. Her parents always _________ her __________ in good health. A. wish, is B. hope, is C. wish, to be D. hope, to be ( )16. I liked the skirt, and the salesperson let me_____________.

A. tried it on B. to try it on C. try it on D. trying it on ( )17. Teenagers are allowed_____________ the way they like to deal with the problems.

A. choose B. to choose C. chosen D. choosing

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( )18. I saw a girl _____________ when I looked out of the window. A. cry B. crying C. to cry D. cried

( )19. I’ll never give up_____________ the children in the poor areas. A. to help B. to be helped C. helping D. being helped ( )20. What about _____________ her an e-mail right now?

A. sending B. to send C. send D. to sending Ⅲ. 下列各句带下划线部分中有一处错误，请找出并改正。

1. She spent the whole morning wash her shoes and clothes. _______________

2. I don’t mind to take care of the cat. _______________

3. The workers were listening to the leader to talk about the accident. _______________

4. Lucy was looking forward to inviting to Kate’s birthday party. _______________

5. After he finished play basketball, he went home with Liu Ying. _______________

6. She wanted getting some money from her father, but she didn’t get any. _______________

7. He was unhappy because he was refused buying a toy. _______________

8. My brother often practises to draw pictures in the park. _______________

9. Why not consider to visit Beijing next month? _______________ 10. My mother asks me not watching TV before I finish my homework. _______________

参考答案

非谓语动词专项练习

Ⅰ. 1. reading 2. hearing, to write 3. to meet 4. to do

5. making / to make 6. to be asked 7. to return 8. to sing 9. coloured 10. sitting, talking

Ⅱ. 1-5 ACCBD 6-10 BACCB 11-15 ACDBC 16-20 CBBCA

Ⅲ. 1. wash→washing 2. to take→taking 3. to talk→talking

4. inviting→being invited 5. play→playing 6. getting→to get 7. buying→to buy 8. to draw→drawing 9. to visit→visiting 10. watching→to watch

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