1 Summarize
Outline uses a more compact design along with the engine and has in a big way, the engine produces the waste heat density also obviously increases along with it. Some essential regions, if around a row of tyre valve radiates the question to have first to consider, the cooling system even if appears the small breakdown also possibly to create the disaster in such region consequence. The engine cooling system radiation ability generally should satisfy when the engine full load radiation demand, because this time engine produces the quantity of heat is biggest. However, when partial loads, the current capacity which the cooling system can have the power loss, which the water pumping station provides the refrigerant current capacity surpasses needs. We hoped starts the starting time to be as far as possible short. Because engine time discharges pollutant more, the oil consumption is also big. The cooling system structure has a more tremendous influence to the engine cold starting time. 2 Characteristics of modern engine cooling system
Modern engines series characteristic tradition cooling system function reliably protects the engine, but also should have the function which the improvement fuel economy and reduces discharges. Therefore, the modern cooling system must synthesize under the consideration the factor: Engine interior friction loss; Cooling system water pump power; Burning boundary condition, like combustion chamber temperature, complete density, complete temperature. The advanced cooling system uses systematized, the modular design method, the overall plan considered each influence factor, causes the cooling system both to guarantee the engine normal work, and enhances the engine efficiency and the reduction discharges.
2.1 The temperatures set point Temperatures hypotheses firing in bursts motive operating temperature limit value are decided by a row of
tire valve the peripheral region maximum temperature. The most ideal situation is according to the metal temperature but is not the refrigerant temperature control cooling system, like this can protect the engine well. Because the cooling system hypothesis cooling temperature is by the full load time most is big is the foundation, therefore, engine and cooling system in partial loads time is at not too the perfect condition, when urban district travel and low speed travel, can have the high oil consumption and discharge. Supposes the fixed point through the change refrigerant temperature to be possible to improve the engine and the cooling system in partial loads time performance. According to a row of tyre valve the peripheral region temperature limit value, may elevate either reduce the refrigerant or the metal temperature supposes the fixed point. Elevates or reduced temperature all respectively has the characteristic, this is decided the goal which achieved to the hope.
2.2 Enhances the temperature Enhances the temperature to suppose the fixed-point enhancement operating temperature to suppose the fixed point is one kind of comparison the method which welcome. Enhances the temperature to have many merits, it directly affects the engine loss and the cooling system effect as well as the engine discharging formation. Will enhance the operating temperature to enhance the engine Mac reduce the engine to rub wears, reduces the engine fuel oil consumption. The research indicated that, the engine operating temperature to rubs the loss to have the very tremendous influence. Discharges the temperature the refrigerant to enhance to 150 ℃, causes the cylinder temperature to elevate to 195 ℃, the oil consumption drops 4%-6%. Maintains the refrigerant temperature in 90-115 ℃ scope, causes the engine machine oil the maximum temperature is 140 ℃, then oil consumption in partial loads time drops 10%. Enhances the operating temperature also obvious influence cooling system the potency. Enhances the refrigerant or the metal
temperature can improve the engine and disperse the steam heat transfer transmission the effect, reduces the refrigerant the speed of flow, reduces the water pump the rated power, thus reduces the engine the power dissipation. In addition, may select the different method, further reduces the refrigerant the speed of flow.
2.3 Reduce the temperatures set point Reduced temperatures suppose the fixed point to reduce the cooling system the operating temperature to be possible to enhance the engine charge efficiency, reduces the inlet temperature. This to the combustion process, the fuel oil efficiency and discharges advantageously. The reduced temperature supposes the fixed point to be allowed to save the engine movement cost, enhances the part service life. The research indicated, if the cylinder head temperature reduces to 50 ℃, the ignition angle of advance may 3 ℃ A but not have the engine knock ahead of time, the charge efficiency enhances 2%, the engine operational factor improvement, is helpful to the optimized compression ratio and the parameter choice, obtains the better fuel oil efficiency and discharges the performance.
2.4 Precise cooling system Precise cooling systems precise cooling system mainly manifests in the cooling jacket structural design and in the refrigerant speed of flow design. In precise cooling system, hot essential area, if around a row of tyre valve, the refrigerant has an greater speed of flow, the heat transfer efficiency is high, the refrigerant gradient of temperature changes slightly. Such effect comes from to reduce these place refrigerant channels the lateral section, enhances the speed of flow, reduces the current capacity. The precise cooling system design key lies in the determination cooling jacket the size, the choice match cooling water pump, guaranteed the system the radiation ability can satisfy when the low speed big load essential region operating temperature demand. The engine refrigerant speed of flow range
of variation is quite big, from time 1 m/s to maximum work rate time 5 m/s. Therefore should considered the cooling jacket and the cooling system whole that, mutually supplemented, display biggest potential. The research indicated that, uses the precise cooling system, in the engine entire work rotational speed scope, the refrigerant current capacity may drop 40%. Covers the cooling jacket to the air cylinder the precise design, may make the ordinary speed of flow to enhance from 1.4m/s to 4 m/s, greatly enhances the cylinder cover or cap thermal conductivity, cylinder cover or cap metal temperature drop to 60 ℃.
2.5 Divergences types cooling system Divergences types cooling system divergence type cooling system for other one kind of cooling system. In this kind of cooling system, the hine oil temperature, will cylinder cover or cap friendly cylinder body cools by respective return route, the cylinder cover or cap friendly cylinder body has the different temperature. The divergence -like cooling system has the unique superiority, may cause engine each part to suppose the fixed-point work at the most superior temperature. The cooling system overall efficiency achieves in a big way. Each cooling return route will suppose under the fixed point or the speed of flow in the different cooling temperature works, will create the ideal engine temperature distribution. The ideal engine hot active status is the cylinder head temperature lower but the air cylinder body temperature relative is higher. The cylinder head temperature is lower may enhance the charge efficiency, increases. The temperature is low also greatly may promote completely to burn, reduces CO, HC and the NOx formation, also enhances the output. The higher air cylinder body temperature can reduce the friction to lose, directly improves the fuel oil efficiency, indirectly reduces in the cylinder the peak value pressure and the temperature. The divergence type cooling system may cause the cylinder cover and the cylinder body temperature
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