一、动词(v.)→名词(n.)
1、词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示\某一类人\的名词 例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner,
visit—visitor, invent—inventor,collect—collector等. 注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r. 例如:drive—driver, write—writer等.
2)以辅音字母开头并以元音字母加辅音字母结尾的单词,应双写末尾的辅音字母再加er。 例如:run—runner, win—winner,begin—beginner等. 2.在动词词尾加上-ment 变成名词
例如:achieve—achievement (成就) advertise—advertisement//advertising(广告)
agree—agreement disagree—disagreement amuse—amusement (娱乐) improve—improvement(争吵) commit(奉献)—commitment develop—development (发展) 有些单词比较特殊,需把动词后的e去掉再加ment. 例如:argue—argument(争论) 3.在动词词尾加上-(t)ion/(s)ion变成名词
例如: attract—attraction; instruct—instruction;
invent—invention discuss—discussion; express—expression educate—education;
graduate—graduation; operate—operation (去e再加\
compete—competition; organize—organization (把e改成其他字母再加\
英语单词词性转换
decide—decision conclude—conclusion (把de改为s再加\ describe—description描写,描绘 (这是特例,不规则变化) 4.在动词词尾加上-ance变成名词 例如: appear—appearance (外貌;出现) perform—performance (演出) accept—acceptance (接受)
resist-resistance n.抵抗,阻力
5.在动词词尾加-ing变成名词 (方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同)
例如:meet—meeting build—building wait—waiting bathe—bathing say—saying(谚语) mean—meaning
注意:以辅音字母开头并以元音字母加辅音字母结尾的单词,应双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing
如:swim—swimming shop—shopping begin—beginning 二、动词(v.)→形容词(adj.)
1.动词后面加able,以e结尾的动词则去e加able,表示具有此性质,特点或属性. 例如: afford-affordable;love-lovable
2.动词后面加ed,以e结尾的动词则直接加d,表示被动性的属性或特点. 例如: scatter-scattered use-used
3不规则的动词则必须记忆,记住其过去分词形式.规律不大,意义同(b). 三.名词(n.)→形容词(adj.)
1.在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词) 例如: rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy,
health—healthy, luck—lucky,anger—angry guilt—guilty(内疚的) tourist—touristy(游客多的) , salt (盐)—salty (咸的) silk(丝绸)—silky(丝绸般的), sleep—sleepy (昏昏欲睡的)
注意:1)如果以辅音字母开头并以元音字母加辅音字母结尾,这时应双写辅音字母再加\
如: sun—sunny, fun—funny, fog—foggy(有雾的), fur—furry(毛皮的) 2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加\
如: noise—noisy, ice—icy, shine—shiny(发亮的), taste(口味)—tasty(甜的) 2.名词后面加-ed,以e结尾的直接加d.
例如: spot(斑点)—spotted(有斑点的); talent—talented (有天赋的) organize—organized 有组织的; balance—balanced(平衡的) 3.一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词
例如:care—careful, thank—thankful, help—helpful, use—useful, meaning—meaningful 4.在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词
例如:care—careless(粗心的), use—useless(无用的) hope—hopeless(没希望的),home—homeless(无家可归的) 5.一些以-ce结尾的名词,把-ce改为-t变成形容词
例如: difference—different, silence—silent, confidence—confident 6.在名词后加-ly变为形容词
例如: friend—friendly, love—lovely, live---lively 7.在名词后加-ous变为形容词
例如: danger—dangerous prosperous a 繁荣的(pro 在前+sper 希望+ous) 8.名词后面加-al变为形容词
例如: music—musical; medicine—medical (这个比较特殊) 9名词后面加-able变为形容词,如果以e结尾就去e再加\例如: adjust—adjustable 可调整的 value—valuable有价值的 10.名词后面加-en变成形容词
例如: wood—wooden 木制的 wool—woolen 羊毛的 四.形容词(adj.)→副词(adv.)
▲一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词
例如: quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly 等 例如:possible—possibly, terrible—terribly
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