Module 2语法篇
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1.熟练掌握指示代词this, these, that和those的用法
1.指示代词的基本用法
指示代词this, these, that和those是表示“这个,这些,那个,那些”等指示概念的代词,
其中this(这个)和these(这些)指离说话的人较近的人或事物;that(那个)和those(那些)指离说话的人较远的人或事物。
指示代词this, that作主语时,系动词be用单数形式is,后面的名词用单数形式;指示代词these, those作主语时,系动词be用复数形式are,后面的名词用复数形式。
This is a big ball.这是一个大球。 That is my dictionary.那是我的词典。 These are my friends.这些是我的朋友们。 Those are my pencils.那些是我的铅笔。 2. 含指示代词的否定句
This/That is…和Thses/Those are…的否定句变化规律简单,be动词后加not即可,其中is
not 可缩写为isn’t,are not可缩写为aren’t。
3. 含指示代词的一般疑问句和答语
由陈述句转为一般疑问句时,直接将be动词提前到句首即可。在回答主语是this或that的一般疑问句或特殊疑问句时,为了避免重复,在答语中用it来代替文具中的this或that。当回答主语是these或those的问句时,在答语中用they来代替问句中的these或those。
---Is this a computer? 这是一台电脑吗? ---Yes it is.是的,它是。 ---What's that ?那是什么? ---It is a pen.它是一支钢笔。 ---Are these cars?这些事小汽车吗? ---Yes, they are.是的,它们是。 4. 注意几点用法
(1)在介绍某人时,用“This is…”,而不用“He/She is…”。
(2)打电话时,介绍自己用“This is…”,问对方时用“Who’s that?”。 ---Who's that ?你是谁? ---This is Lucy.我是露西。
(3)that is可缩写为that’s,而this is不能缩写为This’s。
单项选择
1. ---Are __________ oranges? ---Yes, they are.
A. it B. this C. that D. these 2. Lily, __________ is Wang Wei.
A. This B. this C. you 3. ---Hello! 45986325. ---Hello! Is that Li Lei? ---__________.
D. your A. Yes, I'm Li Lei B. No, I'm Li Ming C. Yes, that's Li Lei D. No, this is Li Ming
4. Look! ______ are my books.
A. This B. That C. It D. These 5. ---Mum,_______ is my friend, Jim. ---Nice to meet you. A. that
B. this
C. he
D. it
6. ---Are these American students? ---No, . A. they are
B. they aren't
C. these are
D. these aren't
are my cousins. Let's
7.(2014甘肃兰州中考)Bob, can you see the boys over there? go and say hello to them. A. This
B. Those
C. That
D. These
8.(福建福州中考改编)---What are ? ---They are oranges. A. these 解析及答案:
1. oranges为复数,应该用these来指代,故选D。
2. 表示介绍人物,用句型\is... \开头。因Lily后面是逗号,空白处单词不在句首,用小写的this,故选B。
3. 在打电话的时候,问对方用代词that,说自己用代词this,故选D 4. 由books可知,主语应用表示复数的指示代词,故选D。
5. 句意:--妈妈,这是我的朋友吉姆。---遇见你很高兴。当做介绍时应该用This is…,其他的代词没有这种用法,根据句意故选B。
6. 本题考查Are these…?的答语。由No可先排除A和C两项,答语中要用they,故选B。 7. 可用“前后呼应法”解题。由上句句意“鲍勃,你能看到那边的那些男孩吗?”可知后句应使用表示复数的those来指代远处的人,故选B。
B. this
C. them
8. 可硬“语法分析法”解答此题。系动词be用了复数形式are,说明主语应为复数,排除B项;them是代词的宾格,不能作主语,排除C项。these这些,可以用作主语,故选A。
基础演练
一、选词填空(单句选词填空)
1. --- Is this your brother?
--- No, (this/it) isn't.
2. (That/Those) are my grandparents. 3. --- Are (these/this) your pens? --- Yes, they are.
答案:1. it 2. Those 3. these
二、单项选择
1. --- Hello, Betty!
--- Hello, Lucy! is my good friend, Linda.
A. The
B. This C. She 2. --- What's your job? --- .
A. I am thirteen B. I work hard C. I'm fine 3. two girls are Mary and Linda.
A. This B. They C. That 4. Is a panda over there(那边)?
A. this B. that C. those 答案:1-4 BDDB
巩固提高
三、按要求转换句型
D. These
D. I'm a teacher
D. Those
D. these
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