开平市忠源纪念中学高二英语导学案
Book6 Unit3 A Healthy Life 读写任务--吸烟危害健康
【学习目标】
1. 了解读写任务的写作内容、写作要求和评分标准。 2. 掌握概括、过渡、列举和总结的常用句型。 【自主学习】
一、读写任务的写作内容包括：
1. 阅读一篇短文之后，以约30个词概括短文的主要内容。（5分） 2. 根据内容要点的要求（一般有3个内容要点），以约120个词就某个话题发表自己 的看法或者记叙一件事情。（20分） 二、读写任务的写作要求：
1. 作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 三、读写任务的评分标准： 项目 分值 评分标准 按照要求概括了全部主要信息, 没有增加与原文无关的信息, 没5 有照抄原文的句子。语言结构正确，行文规范。 基本按照要求概括了主要信息, 没有增加与原文无关的信息, 没4 有照抄原文的句子。语言结构正确，行文规范。 基本按照要求概括了主要信息, 但包含一些不相关的信息, 有个概括 3 别句子抄自原文。语言结构基本正确，行文比较规范。 不能按照要求概括主要信息, 包含较多不相关的信息, 有较多的2 抄袭原。语言结构不够正确，行文不够规范。 没有按照要求概括主要信息, 基本是不相关的信息, 大多数句子0—1 都照抄原文。语言结构不正确，行文不规范。 包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题明确，内容丰18—20 富。词汇丰富，用词得当。能有效运用合适的语言结构，而且没有（或极少）语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性好。 包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题明确，个别内容不准确或者不相关。词汇较丰富，有个别用词错误。较好地14—17 运用了合适的语言结构，有少许的语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性较好。 写作 包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题比较明确，个别内容不准确或不相关。词汇较丰富，有个别用词错误。较好11—13 地运用合适的语言结构，有少许的语法错误。篇章结构基本连贯。 包含题目所给的部分内容要点。主题基本明确，有些内容不准7—10 确或者不相关。词汇有限，有较多的用词错误。语言结构出现较多的语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性较差。 1
开平市忠源纪念中学高二英语导学案 包含题目所给的个别内容要点。多数内容不相关或者不准确。4—6 文章有些地方照抄原文。词汇贫乏，有较多的用词错误。大多数的句子出现语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性差。 只包含与题目所给要点内容有关的一些单词。主题不明确，文1—3 章基本照抄原文。词汇及其贫乏，基本不能正确用词。几乎没有正确的句子。篇章结构零乱。 以下几种情况，给0分： (1)完全抄袭原文（或其它文章） 0 (2)文不对题 (3)只写一些零散的单词，完全没有表达完整的内容。 四、概括短文主要内容常用的开头语： 1. The story/ passage mainly tells us that … 2. The writer/ author tells us that … 3. From the passage, we know … 4. The writer/ author thinks that …
五、写完概括之后，最好写一句过渡的话来表达观点或引出记叙的事情，使上下文衔
接得更加紧密。 议论文常用的过渡句：
1. I agree with the writer/ author. 2. In my opinion, … 3. I think (that) …
4. I can’t agree more with the idea that ... 我非常赞成??
5. I fully support the statement that … because … 我完全支持??这种说法，因为?? 6. I don’t agree with the writer/ author. 记叙文常用的过渡句：
1. This story reminds me of another story that happened three years ago. 2. This story reminds me of my own experience. 3. I have a similar experience.
六、列举理由、原因、措施、建议、方法时，需要用到以下表达： 1. First … Second … Third … Finally/ Last but not least … 2. On the one hand, … on the other hand, …
For one thing, …. For another … 一方面，另一方面 3. Besides…/ In addition, …/ What’s more, … 此外 4. Some people think…, while others think…
七、在文章最后，最好有1—2句总结性的句子，使文章更完整，以下短语可以作为总
结句的开头： 1. In conclusion, … 2. In short, … 3. In a word, …
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开平市忠源纪念中学高二英语导学案
【即学即练】
读写任务（共1小题；满分25分）
阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Smoking is a bad habit. It can harm your health and the health of others. Cigarette is a poison. There are over 350,000 deaths each year that are directly related to smoking. Experts point out: A cigarette can kill a small white mouse, 20 cigarettes can poison an ox. A cigarette contains about 4000 chemicals, many of which are poisonous. “Your chance of developing lung cancer is increased 11 times if you smoke. Smoking increases the risk of developing chronic (慢性的) lung disease by 30 times. Children of smokers get more colds and have a 70% greater chance of being hospitalized (就医) for respiratory (呼吸的) conditions than children of nonsmokers.” Smoking can cause many diseases: cancer, heart disease, emphysema (肺气肿) and so on. Russian scientists state: Smokers’ average lifetime are 20 years shorter than nonsmokers.
Why do so many people smoke? Firstly, smokers think they are noble and cool when they are smoking. Tobacco advertisements always mislead them. Secondly, they believe smoking can show that they are strong, mature and rich. Thirdly, cigarettes are addictive because they contain nicotine. When you are smoking, it can excite you. Therefore, once you start, it’s hard to stop. 【写作内容】
1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。
2. 以约120个词就“吸烟危害健康”这一话题发表你的看法，内容包括： （1）举例说明吸烟对人们的危害性；
（2）你对吸烟持什么看法？并说明其理由； （3）你希望吸烟者怎么做。 【写作要求】
1. 作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
Step 1 Read the passage and then try to find out the topic sentences of each paragraph. Step 2 Try to summarize the main idea of the passage using about 30 words.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 3 Discuss the following questions in groups.
(1) What are the harmful effects of smoking? Can you tell us some examples?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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开平市忠源纪念中学高二英语导学案
(2) What’s your opinion about smoking? Why?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (3) What’s your advice for smokers?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 4 Write one or two sentences to make a summary.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 5 整合以上内容，写一篇完整的读写任务作文。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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开平市忠源纪念中学高二英语导学案
参考范文：
From the passage, we know that smoking harms the health of the smokers and people around, because cigarettes contain poison, which causes diseases. However, some people still smoke for different reasons.
I can’t agree more with the statement that smoking is a bad habit because it has a lot of harmful effects. It does damage to our heart and lung and causes many diseases. For example, one of my neighbours smokes a lot and looks thin and pale, with his teeth black and yellow, even coughing day and night.
In my opinion, we should never smoke. First, smoking affects the health of the smokers so that they can’t live a healthy life. Second, the non-smokers are forced to take in the second-hand smoke, which is also harmful to health. Third, the smoke, which smells terrible, pollutes the air and makes people feel uncomfortable. Last but not least, some big fires that lead to loss of lives and properties are caused by careless smokers.
In a word, we had better never touch cigarettes. If you are smokers, please make up your mind to quit smoking.
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