9. make a wish 许愿 10. blow out 吹灭 11. in one go 一口气 12. come true 实现 13. get popular 受欢迎，流行 14. cut up 切碎
15. a symbol of... ......的标志/象征 16. bring good luck to sb. 给某人带来好运 17. bring sth. to sb. 给某人带来某物 18. on one’s birthday 在某人生日那天 19. eat sth. for one’s birthday 生日时吃... 20. different kinds of 不同种类的...... 21. people in UK 英国的人 二、重点句型
1.—What kind of noodles would you like? 您想吃什么面？ —I’d like beef noodles,please. 牛肉面。
2.—What size would you like? 您要多大份的？ —Large, please. 大份的。
3.—Are there any vegetable in the mutton noodles? 羊肉面里有蔬菜吗？ —Yes, there are some tomatoes. 有，有一些西红柿。 4.—What would you like to eat? 您想吃什么？
—I’d like beef noodles with carrots. 我想要加胡萝卜的牛肉面。
5. What would people like to eat on their birthday? 人们过生日吃什么？ 6. The number of the candles is the people’s age. 蜡烛的数量是人的年龄。 7. The birthday person must make a wish and blow out the candles. 过生日的人要许愿，并且吹灭蜡烛
8. If he or she blows out all the candles in one go, the wish will come true. 如果一口气吹灭蜡烛，那他(她)的愿望就可以实现。
9. In the UK, people sometimes put a candy in a birthday cake. The child with the candy is lucky. 在英国，人们有时会在生日蛋糕里放一颗糖果，拿到糖果的小孩非常幸运。 10. They never cut up the noodles because the long noodles are a symbol of long life. 人们不会把面条切碎，因为长长的面条是长寿的象征。
Unit 11 How was your school trip?
一、重点短语
1. go for a walk 去散步 2. ride a horse 骑马
3. play with 和某人玩 4. take a photo 照相、拍照
5. quite a lot 相当多 6. show sb. around 带领某人参观 7. so much fun 很多快乐 8. have fun 享受快乐 9. go fishing 去钓鱼 10. climb the mountains 爬山 11. play games 做游戏 12. be worried 担心 13. fire station 消防站 14. go on a trip 去旅游 15. by train 乘火车 16. take a train 乘火车 17. along the way 沿途 18. play chess 下象棋 19. buy...for... 为某人买某物 20. all in all 总之 21. be interested in 对......感兴趣 22. not...at all 一点二．重点句型
1. How was your school trip?= What was your school trip like? 你们的校游怎么样？ 2. The farmer showed Carol around the farm. 那农民带着卡罗尔参观了农场。 3. Carol learned a lot about farming. 卡罗尔学了很多关于农活的(知识)。 4. We had so much fun. 我们享受了这么多乐趣。
也不
5. It was different to take photos. 拍照很难。
6. I couldn’t really see or hear the guide. 我真的看不见也听不到导游的(声音)。 7. I didn’t like the trip at all. 我一点也不喜欢这次出游。
Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?
一、重点短语
1. play badminton 打羽毛球 2. camp by the lake 在湖边野 3. go to the beach 去海滩 4. go to the cinema 去电影院 5. tell sb. about sth.告诉某人有关...的情况 6. stay up 熬夜 7. over=more than超过；多余 8. fly a kite 放风筝 9. run away 逃跑 10. second language 外语 11. anything interesting注:不定代词+形容词 12. shout to sb. 对某人大声喊叫 13. that’s why+从句 “那就是为什么......” 14. take ...to... 带领某人去某处 15. put up tents 搭建帐篷 16. make a fire 生火 17. keep us warm 使得我们暖和 18. on the first night 在头一天夜里 19. under the moon 在月光下 20. each other 互相 21. get a terrible surprise 大吃一惊 22. look out of 从......往外看 23. know about 知道 24. start to do sth. 开始做某事 25. up and down 上上下下 26. wake up 醒来 wake sb. up 叫醒某人 27. move into... 移动进入 28. learned from 从......学到 29. stay at home 呆在家里 二．重点句型
1. —What did you do last week? 你上个星期做了什么事？
—I did my homework. /We went boating 我做我的作业。/我们去划船了。 2. —How was your weekend? 你上个星期过得怎样？ —Great，thanks. 很好，谢谢。
3. I stayed up late to watch the soccer game. 我熬夜到很晚是为了看球赛。
4. As a special gift, our parents took us India.作为一份特殊的礼物，我爸妈带着我们去了印度。 5. But I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 但是我太累了，所以早早就睡着了。 6. We saw a big snake sleeping near the fire. 我们看见一条大蛇正在篝火附近睡觉。 一般过去时态（The Simple Past Tense) 一、用法
1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如： yesterday (昨天) the day after yesterday (前天) last night(昨晚) in 1990(在1990年) two days ago(两天前)等
For example, I got up at 7:00 yesterday. My father was at work yesterday afternoon. I was ten years old last year.
2.也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语连用,如：often, always, usually, sometimes等。
For example, he always went to work by bus last year. She was often late for school last week. ★表示过去的时间的时间状语:
yesterday 昨天早晨 Just now 刚才 yesterday afternoon 昨天下午
Last week 上周 Yesterday evening 昨天傍晚 in the past 过去 that day 那天 The day before yesterday 前天 last year 去年 Last night 昨天夜里 Three days ago 三天前 that year 那年 Three weeks ago 三周前 that month 那个月 just now 刚才 Three months ago 三个月前
二、规则动词过去式的构成
构成规则 一般情况下在动词原形末尾直接加-ed 以e结尾的动词加只加-d 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-ed 三、规则动词过去式词尾-ed的读音
读音规则 在浊辅音和元音后面 在浊辅音和元音后面 在/t/和/d/的后面 读 音 /d/ /t/ /id/ 例 词 moved /mu:vd/ learned passed /pa:st/ worked needed /’ni:did/ started 原 形 work play hope live stop plan study worry 过 去 式 worked played hoped lived stopped planned studied worried ★巧记动词过去时态
动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事； be用was或用were, have,has变had； 谓语动词过去式，过去时间做标志； 一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。 否定句很简单，主语之后didn’t添； 疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；
如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原； 动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。 四、一般过去时的分类
1、be动词的一般过去时态：有人称和数的变化(am/is 的过去式为was, are 的过去式为were)。
肯定句：主语+was/were+... She was a teacher five years ago. 否定句：主语+was/were+not+... She wasn’t a teacher five years ago. 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+...? Was she a teacher five years ago? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were. Yes, she was.
否定回答：No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t. No, she wasn’t. 特殊疑问句：What was she five years old? What did she do five years old?
2、实义动词的一般过去时态：没有人称和数的变化
肯定句：主语+动词过去式+... I went home at eight yesterday. 否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形+... I didn’t go home at eight yesterday. 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+...? Did you go home at eight yesterday? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did. Yes, I did. 否定回答：No, 主语+didn’t. No, I didn’t. 特殊疑问句：When did you go home yesterday? 五、练习题：一般过去时态练习 A. 用动词的过去式填空
1._____ you ____________(remember) to buy the oranges? 2.Who __________(invent) the computer.
3.We ______(go) to the cinema last night. The film______(be) very good. 4.What time _____you ______(get) to school this morning?
5.Jim ___(do) a lot yesterday. He______(go) shopping and______(cook) supper. B. 把下列句子改成相应时态
1. He usually gets up early in the morning. But______________________ late today. 2. She usually works from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. But yesterday __________________________ 3. _____________________ on Sundays. They went to the park last Monday.
4. _____________________at breakfast. But yesterday he didn’t read the newspaper. C. 按要求转换句型。
1. He went to the movies last night 否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯定回答: 否定回答 特殊疑问句：
2. I did my homework yesterday evening. 否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯定回答: 否定回答 特殊疑问句：
3. The students played football just now. 否定句： 一般疑问句：
肯定回答: 否定回答 特殊疑问句：
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