小学英语语法 介词和连词9

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第四讲 介词和连词

Name Mark

小学英语语法（第22期）

★重点讲解

一、介词的用法 （一）时间介词 （1）at

① 表示具体的时刻：at seven （ o’clock ） ② 表示人的年龄：at the age of eleven

③ 表示一段时间，“在 ...... 期间”：at night （在夜里）

at Christmas（在圣诞期间）

④ 与结尾为festival的节日连用，如： at Spring Festival

（2）in ：表示一段时间，常与月份和季节连用，也可用在习惯用语中。如： in spring in January in February in the morning （3）on ：表示具体的某一天，常与day和表示星期、节日的词连用。如： on October the tenth on Christmas Eve on Christmas Day

on a cold day on Wednesday on Tree Planting Day

（4）before 和 after ：表示时间的先后顺序。如：

They have to finish the work before Thursday. The boys often play football after dinner. We sometimes take a walk after supper. （5）from ... to ... ：“从 ...... 到 ......”。如：

We have classes from Monday to Friday.

She worked in the garden from morning to evening. This train is from Beijing to Tianjin. （二）方位介词

（1）on ：“在 ..... 上面” ，两物体有接触。

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（2）over ：“在 ..... 正上方” ，两物体没有接触。如： A lamp is over the table. （灯和桌面没有接触） （3）above ：“在 ..... 斜上方” ，两物体没有接触。如：

The plane is flying above the clouds. （飞机在云层中飞行）

（4）under 和 below：在 ..... 下面，两物体有接触。

① under ：“在 ...... 的正下方” 。如：There is a cat under the table. ② below ：“在 ...... 的下面”，不强调是否在正下方。如：

Our classroom is below theirs. （我们的教室在他们教室的下面） （5）in ：“在 ...... 里面 或者 在 ...... 地方（大地点）” 。如： in the drawer in the box in the room in the zoo

A group of visitors arrived in Beijing yesterday. （一群游人昨天抵达了北京） （6）at ：“在 ...... 旁边 或者 在 ...... 地方（小地点）” 。如： The family is eating at the table.（一家人正坐在桌子旁吃饭） I met Peter at the railway station.

（7）behind ：“在 ...... 后面” 。如：Sally hid herself behind a tree. 比较 in front of “在 ... 外部的 ... 前面” 。如： There is an apple tree in front of the house

There is a house behind the apple tree. in the front of “在 ... 内部的 ... 前面” 。如： There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.

（8）between ：“在两者之间” 。如：

The office building is between the swimming pool and the playing ground. （三）动向介词

（1）across ：“横穿”，常与street ，bridge等名词连用。如： Go across the street, and you will find a book shop.

（2）though：“从 ....... 里面穿过” 。如：We walked through the woods. （森林） （3）along ：“沿着 ...... ”，常与road ，street ，river等名词连用。如： Dick and Wendy walked along the river. Go along the road, and then turn left.

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（四）表示方式、手段的介词

（1）by ：表示“靠...... ；用......” 。如：by bus by painting（靠画画为生） （2）with ：表示 “使用 ...... ” 。如：We write with a pen. with our right hands

with knives and forks （用刀和叉）

（3）in ：“用 ....... 语言” 。如： We talked in English. （五）其它介词的用法 （1）for

① 表示目的、对象，意思为“为......” 。如：I have a gift for you. （给你） ② 表示原因，意思为“因为” 。如：Thank you for your dinner. （感谢你的款待） I am sorry for being late. （对不起，我来晚了。） （2）about ：表示某种事物的内容，意思是“关于” 。如：

The movie is about the history of China. （这是一本关于中国历史的书） （3）with :

① 表示“和 ...... 一起” 。如：

Can you play with me? （你能跟我一起玩吗？）

I did some cleaning with my mother at weekends. （周末我和妈妈一起做清洁） ② 表示“对于 ...... ” 。如：

I am very strict with my students. （be strict with ... 对某人严格要求） ③ 表示人或物具有的性质或特点，意思是“带着、带有” 。如： The girl with red hair is my sister. （红头发的女孩是我妹妹） a woman with sunglasses （带着太阳镜的妇女）

Our teacher came into the classroom with some flowers in her hand. （4）in ：表示“穿着，带着” 。如：

The boy in blue is my brother. a boy in a white shirt a boy in a black hat （5）like ：“像 ......” 。如：

John is like his father.

John looks like an actor. （约翰看起来像一位演员） （6）of ：表示所属关系，意思是“......的” （名词所有格）。 第 22 期 小六英语语法 第 3 页

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二、连词

连词：是用来连接两个词或句子的词。

1. and: 和、还有，表示叠加关系。Jimmy and me are classmates. 2. or：还是，表示选择关系。 Which do you like, panda or monkey? 3. but：但是，表示转折关系。 I like football, but I like basketball more. 4. when：当......时，用来连接两个句子。 I was sad when I saw the broken tree.

5. while：当......时，用来连接两个句子。 My mum is watching TV while I am doing homework. 6. before：在.....之前， Sally went away before I came back. 7. after：在......之后， I watch TV after I finish my homework. 8. because:因为......， 表示原因。 She is not here, because she’s ill. 9. so：所以、那么......,表示结果。 He works very hard, so he gets 100. 10. if：如果，表示条件假设。 I will go to the moon if I can fly.

★做中学

一、单项选择

( ) 1.______ the afternoon of May, we visited the old man. A. On B. At C. In ( ) 2.He left home _______ a cold winter evening. A. at B. on C. in ( ) 3.Shanghai is _______ the east of China. A. in B. on C. to

( ) 4.________ my father’s help, I have finished my composition. A. Under B. On C. with ( ) 5.I really can’t agree _______ you. A. to B. on C. with ( ) 6.How about ________ the flowers now?

A. watering B. are watering C. watered ( ) 7.What will you have ________ breakfast this morning? A. with B. for C. by

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( ) 8.A plane is flying ________ the city.

A. on B. over C. above ( ) 9.You are free to speak _______ the meeting. A. at B. in C. on ( ) 10.Mr. Green stayed in China _______ Friday. A. to B. on C. till

( ) 11.I won’t ask about it, I’m going to see it ____ _ my own eyes. A. by B. for C. with ( ) 12.We go to school every day _ ______ Sunday. A. except B. without C. on ( ) 13.There is a small river ___ the two towns

A. in B. between C. among

( ) 14.Are you going to the zoo __ __ _ bus or ___ my car? A. on; by B. by; in C. on; in

( ) 15. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived _______ 5 o’clock ______ the morning. A. on; in B. at; in C. at; on D. in; on

( ) 16.There is many apples ___ the tree. A bird ___ the tree is picking an apple. A. in; on B. on; in C. in; at 二、从方框中选择正确的连词填空。

and or but when If because 1. you hand in your homework on time, you can get 200 points. 2. Is the blue jacket yours Ben’s? 3. Sally I were at the same class before. 4. I worked very had, I can’t do well in Maths. 5. Close the door you leave the classroom/ 6. He went to the hospital he had a cold.

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