安排或计划；go, come等表示起止动作的动词可用进行时代替将来时。
Youarealwaysstudyinginthelibrary.Whynothaveapicnicthisafternoon? 7．过去进行时
(1)过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某动作在某一阶段内发生或频繁发生。 —DidyoucatchwhatIsaid?
—Sorry.Iwasansweringatextmessagejustnow.(2012·四川高考) —HaveyoufinishedreadingJaneEyre?
—No, Iwasdoingmyhomeworkalldayyesterday.(2010·新课标全国卷)
(2)某一动作发生时另一动作正在进行，其中的持续性动作用过去进行时，短暂性动作用一般过去时。 —Idon’tunderstandwhyyoudidn’tgotothelectureyesterdayafternoon. —I’msosorry.ButIwasdoingmyhomework.(2013·湖南高考) 8．现在完成进行时
(1)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且现在还在进行。
Thegirlhasagreatinterestinsportandhasbeentakingbadmintonclassestwiceaweekoverthelastthreeyears.(2013·福建高考)
(2)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，在说话时刚刚结束。 Wherehaveyoubeen？Wehavebeenlookingforyoueverywhere. 9．将来进行时
将来进行时可用于表示将来某个时刻正在发生的动作或者将来某一段时间内正在进行的动作。将来进行时常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。这些常见的标志性状语有：atthistimetomorrow/the day after tomorrow, from 1：30 to 4：30 tomorrow/thedayaftertomorrow。
—CanIcallyoubackattwoo’clockthisafternoon?
—I’msorry, butbythenIwillbeflyingtoBeijing.Howaboutfive？(2012·陕西高考) 二、动词的语态
英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
做有关被动语态的题目可以分两步走：第一步确定正确的时态，第二步确定正确的语态。判断用主动语态还是用被动语态的根据是看主语与谓语动词之间的关系：如果是主谓关系则用主动语态，如果是动宾关系则用被动语态。
被动语态的构成(以write为例)
时间 现在 过去 将来 一般时态 am/is/arewritten was/werewritten shall/willbewritten 进行时态 am/is/arebeingwritten was/werebeingwritten 完成时态 has/havebeenwritten hadbeenwritten 9
1.get＋过去分词表被动 Theygotmarriedlastweek. Hefellandgothurt. 2．主动形式表被动意义
(1)系动词look, feel, sound, smell, taste, seem, appear, go, prove, turn等＋形容词/名词。 Thedishtastesdelicious. Hisplanproved (tobe) practical.
(2)表示主语的某种属性的词：read, write, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, shut等，其主语往往是物。
—Whataboutthebooks? —Booksofthiskindsellwell. Thedoorwon’topen. Thepenwritessmoothly.
(3)beworth后常接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。 Alotofsmalltownsintheareaaredefinitelyworthvisiting.
(4)need, want, require, deserve等动词后用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。 Mosthouseplantsrequireregularwatering.
[针对训练]
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空 1
．
(2013·安
徽
高
考
)I
’
mcallingabouttheapartmentyouadvertised (advertise)
theotherday.Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?
2．(2013·北京高考)—DoyouthinkMomandDadwill_be (be) late? —No, SwissAirisusuallyontime.
3．(2013·北京高考)Hurryup! MarkandCarolare_expecting (expect) us. 4．(2013·湖南高考)“Whatdoyouwanttobe？”askedMrs.Crawford.“Oh，Iwill_be (be) president，”saidtheboy, withasmile.
5．(2013·湖南高考)Aroundtwoo’clockeverynight, Suewillstarttalkinginherdream.Itsomewhatbothers (bother) us.
6．(2013·湖南高考)Ifnothingis_done (do), theoceanswillturnintofishdeserts. 7．(2013·湖南高考)—Haveyouheardabouttherecentelection? —Sure, ithas_been (be) theonlythingonthenewsforthelastthreedays. 8．(2013·江苏高考)Generally, students’innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothersis (be) essentialtotheirdevelopment.
9．(2013·江苏高考)—CouldIuseyourcartomorrowmorning? —Sure.Iwill_be_writing (write) areportathome. 10．(2013·江苏高考)“Neverforasecond，”theboysays, “did (do) I doubt that my father would come to my
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rescue.”
11．(2013·江苏高考)—Whataboutyourself-drivetripyesterday? —Tiring! Theroadisbeingwidened, andwehad (have) aroughride. 12．(2013·江西高考)Iwas_coming (come) tovisityoulaterthatday, butIhadtophoneandcancel. 13．(2013·辽宁高考)Atnotimedid (do) theyactuallybreaktherulesofthegame.Itwasunfairtopunishthem. 14
．
(2013·辽
宁
高
考
)Weareconfidentthattheenvironmentwill_be_improved (improve)
byourfurthereffortstoreducepollution.
15．(2013·山东高考)Ididn’tthinkI’dlikethemovie, butactuallyitwas (be) prettygood. 16．(2013·陕西高考)Jimwas_watching (watch) alate-nightfilmathomewhen, rightinthemiddleofathrillingscene, thetelevisionwentblank.
17．(2013·上海高考)Bobcalledtotellhismotherthathecouldn’tenterthehouse, forhehad_left (leave) hiskeyatschool.
18
．
(2013·上
海
高
考
)Theschoolboardismadeupofparentswhohave_been_elected(elect) tomakedecisionsaboutschoolaffairs.
19．(2013·四川高考)Hurryup, kids! Theschoolbusis_waiting (wait) forus! 20．(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Wewere_leaving (leave) veryearlysowepackedthenightbefore. 21．(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Ifwedon’t_act (notact) nowtoprotecttheenvironment, we’lllivetoregretit. 22．(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)WhenIfirstmetBryanIdidn’tlikehim, butIhave_changed (change) mymind. 23
．
(2013·
浙
江
高
考
)Duringthelastthreedecades,
thenumberofpeopleparticipatinginphysicalfitnessprogramshas_increased (increase) sharply. 24．(2013·重庆高考)IfeltverytiredwhenIgothome, andIwent (go) straighttobed. 25．(2013·重庆高考)AMidsummerNight’sDreamopens(open) attheTheatreRoyalon19thJune, andthentoursthroughoutScotland.
Ⅱ.语篇填空(用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文)
A
ItwasgettingdarkwhenI1.got (get)
home.ItwascoldandI2.was_wearing butIcouldn
(wear)
’’
(continue)
(go)
acoat.Iwalkeduptothedoorandputmyhandintomypockettotakeoutthekey, tfindit.IsuddenlyrememberedthatI3.had_left tmakeanydifference.Iknewmywife4.was soI5.knocked (knock)
(be)
(leave)
itonmydeskintheoffice.Itreallydidn
athomeandthechildrenmusthavecomebackfromschoolbynow,
atthedoor.Therewasnoanswer.I6.continued (phone)
sayingthatshe10.would_go (cando)
knockingatthedoorforsometime.I7.was_getting (get) angry.ThenIrememberedsomethingtheofficeboy8.had_told (tell) meatnoon.Hesaidthatmywife9.had_phoned (shut) outofmyhouse.
B
Welcometoourschool.I
shoppingintheafternoonwiththechildren.Itseemedthatnothing11.could_be_done andI12.would_be_shut ’dliketointroduceplansforourschooltoyou.Alotofwork1.has_been_done 11
(do)
inthepastfewyears.Thelibrary2.has_been_completed llstillhavetodomorework.Anewbiologylab3.is_being_built (complete)
(build)
andisreadyforuse.Butwe
thisyear.Butwedon
’’(collect)
thaveenoughmoneyfortheequipment.Studentsinallgrades4.are_collecting (make) forapartyattheendoftheterm, atwhichwonderfulperformances7.will_be_put (put) on. Thegardensoftheschool8.are_being_improved (improve)
thisyear.Newtrees9.are_being_planted money.Themoneywhichiscollected5.will_be_spent (spend) onnewequipment.Atpresent, aplan6.is_being_made (plant) (paint)
whichwillsoongiveshadeinsummer.Thewholeschool10.is_going_to_be_painted duringthesummerholidays.Infact, ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.
第三周 情态动词和虚拟语气
一、情态动词
1．can和could的用法 (1)表示“能力”。
Evenachildcanoperatethecomputer, letaloneanadult. (2)表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。 Howcouldyoudosuchasillything? (3)表示可能。
ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch, butitcanberathercoldsometimes. (4)cannot...too/enough表示“无论??也不过分”；“越??越好”。
Ican’tthankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome.(2012·陕西高考) 2．may和might的用法
(1)may和might表示“许可、可能性、祝愿”等意义。
①在给予别人许可时，常用can，但有时也用may。不能用might。 —MayItakethebookout?
—I’mafraidnot.(2010·四川高考)
②“mayaswell＋动词原形”意为“最好；倒不如”。 Wemayaswellstaywhereweare.
(2)may作“可以”讲时，其否定式常用“mustn’t”表示“禁止”；must作“必须”讲时，其否定式是“needn’t”，表示“不必”。
—MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?
—No, youmustn’t.Youreaditinhere.(2010·陕西高考) 3．must的用法
(1)表示禁止(用于否定句)。
Thenewlawstatesthatpeoplemustn’tdriveafterdrinkingalcohol.(2012·上海高考) (2)表示“偏执；固执”。
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