可以看出作者对于 California’s argument 是不支持的态度，因此选 A。
28. The author believes that exploring one’s phone contents is comparable to
[A] getting into one’s residence.
[B] handling one’s historical records.
[C] scanning one’s correspondences.
[D] going through one’s wallet.
【答案】[A] getting into one’s residence
【解析】根据题干关键词 the author believes 和“exploring one’s phone contents
is comparable to”可回文定位到文章第四段第三句“But exploring one’s smartphone is more like entering his or her home”，选项 A 语义与之一致，其中，getting into 与 entering 对应，one’s residence 与 his or her home 对应，故 A 选项为正确答案。
29. The author believes that exploring one’s phone contents is comparable to
[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.
[B] the court is giving police less room for action.
[C] citizens’ privacy is not effectively protected.
[D] phones are used to store sensitive information.
【答案】[C] citizens’ privacy is not effectively protected
【解析】根据题干信息 In paragraphs 5and 6 定位第 5 段第一句话“Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy.及第 6 段最后一句话，...and they could take reasonable measures to.....，可推知作者的顾虑，因此答案为 C.
30. Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that
[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.
[B] new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.
[C]California’s argument violates principles of the Constitution.
[D]principles of the Constitution should never be altered
【答案】[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly
【解析】这是一道例证题，根据题干关键词 Orin Kerr 可以回文定位到文章最后一段。 作者引用 Orin Kerr 这个人的比较是为了说明相关的论点。分析最后一段结构可知，最后一 段的第三句和第四句都是在阐述该例子本身，所以相关论点应该往前面找，即是第二句话， “New，disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the
Constitution’s protection”,选项 A 与之同义替换，其中，be implemented 和 applications 对应，novel 和 flexibly 对应。
Text 3
The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its
peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.
“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors(SBoRE). Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.
Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of
Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”
Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health,
a member of the SBoRE group. He says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but
hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”
John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the
policy is “a most welcome step forward” and “long overdue.” “Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is
more essential than expert review,” he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.
Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but
statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”. Vaux says that
Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’ in the first place”.
31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that
[A] Science intends to simplify their peer-review process.
[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks.
[C] few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.
[D] lack of data analysis is common in research projects.
【答案】[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks
【解析】推理题。根据题干直接定位到第一段。解题关键在于第二句 The policy follows similar efforts from other journals(该政策得到其他期刊类似的努力)the policy 指第 一句 The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its
peer-review process, (《科学》杂志把统计检查额外添加到它的同行评审过程中)，由此 可直接推断出正确答案为[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks (各
大期刊正在加强统计数字检查)。选项[A]中 simplify 与原文语意不符，所以选项 C、D 属于 无中生有。
32. The phrase “flagged up” (Para. 2) is the closest in meaning to
[A] found.
[B] marked.
[C] revised.
[D] stored.
【答案】[C] marked
【解析】词义题。根据题干定位回第二段第三句 Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, (杂志内部编辑将通过更多
的审查来标记手稿)。文中运用代入法，把各选项代入句中替换，可知选项 C marked(标记) 为正确答案。选项 A found(发现，找到)，选项 B revised(修改)，选项 D stored(存储)。
33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may
[A] pose a threat to all its peers.
[B] meet with strong opposition.
[C] increase Science’s circulation.
[D]set an example for other journals.
【答案】[D] set an example for other journals
【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词 Giovanni Parmigiani，the establishment of the SBoRE 和 may 定位到第四段的最后一句“… but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science。选项中的 example 是 model 的同义替换，others journals 是原文中 a larger group of publishing places 的同义替换。
文章中出现了 hopefully，表示作者积极的态度。选项 A 中的 threat，选项 B 中的 opposition 分别表达负向消极的态度，所以错误。选项 C increase Science’s circulation(增加《科学》杂志的发行量)，文章并未提到，属于无中生有。
34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now
[A] adds to researchers’ workload.
[B] diminishes the role of reviewers.
[C] has room for further improvement.
[D]is to fail in the foreseeable future
【答案】[C] has room for further improvement
【解析】细节题。由题干关键词 David Vaux 和 Science，可定位到第六段最后一句。 Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the
papers that need scrutiny’ in the first place”. (《科学》杂志把论文推给统计员 审核有一些优点，但缺点是它依赖于审稿编委会首先需要确定审查的文件。)
选项 A 中 workload，选项 B. diminish the role of reviewers 和选项 D 中的 foreseeable future 没有提到，属于无中生有。
35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?
[A] Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers.
[B] Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect
[C] Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’ Desks
[D] Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science
【答案】A science joins push to screen statistics in papers
【解析】文章第一段由 Science 将增加 statistical checks 引出话题，接下来各段就 此问题 McNutt, Giovanni Parmigianni, John Ioannidis, David Vaux 提出各自的看法。
文中 statistical，papers 反复提及，可知该词是文中核心词。选项 B 和选项 D 首先排除，
偏离主题，statisticians 仅在文中提及，非重点讨论内容;选项 C 与文中主题相差较大， 因此排除。
Text 4
Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter ,Elisabeth ,spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions” Integrity had collapsed,
she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism ” in society should be profit and the market .But “it’s us ,human beings ,we the people who create the society we want ,not profit ”.
Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the
absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous foals for capitalism and freedom.”This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International ,shield thought ,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking .
As the hacking trial concludes – finding guilty ones-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones ,and finding his predecessor,
Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge –the winder issue of dearth of integrity still standstill, Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500
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