高考英语定语从句语法专项复习
(名师剖析语法+WORD版本试题，建议下载练习)
教学内容 教学目标 定语从句 一、定义 1. 定语从句的用法 2. 定语从句连接词的选择 定语从句 在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，并作句子成分因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 常见的关系代词有which, that, who, whom, whose, as 1. 通过以下句子成分的分析确定关系代词的选填 做主语 ① The boy (who/that) wear the red cloth is very handsome. “三步法”①分析主语，从句，确定先行词 ②分析从句中，关系代词所作的成分 ③做主语是用 who 或that ② l found my bag (which /that)was lost yesterday. 做宾语 ①This is a new bag (that/which/不填)I bought yesterday. “三步法”①分析主语，从句,确定先行词 0/11 ②分析从句中，关系代词所作的成分 ③做宾语是用which或that或不填 ② She is the girl (who /that /不填) I met yesterday. ③ I have many friends to (whom) I am going to send postard. 做定语 ① I like the sea (whose) window looks out over the sea. 前面有介词，用 whom “三步法”①寻找： ②分析： ③做定语时：用whose ② My deskmate is a boy (whose ) skin is so good. 做表语 ① You are not a girl (who/ that/不填 )was two years ago. 2. 为了便于大家记忆，总结一下下表： 指人 指物 2. 三步法： ①寻找：找先行词 ②还原：把现行词还原到从句中看先行词做什么成分 ③选填：准确选填 1.(1)This is the house __________the teacher wanted to buy. (2)This is the house ___________a fire broke out last year. 主语 who, that Which, that 宾语 That, who, whom, / Which，that，/ 定语 whose whose “三步法”①寻找： ②分析： ③做表语时：用which，that或不表语 That, who , / Which, that, / 解.:(1)先将先行词the house还原到从句中The teacher wanted to buy the house .句子完整, the house 作buy 的宾语,故填which或that,或省略. 1/11 (2)The house 还原到从句中A fire broke out the house last year . 句子有误,broke out是个不及物动词短语,故补缺加上in,句子才完整.而in the house 在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where 或in which. 2.(1)We will never forget the days _____we spent in the factory. (2)we will never forget the days _________ we worked in the factory. 下次可千万别一看到地点名词就填where;时间名词就填when哦! 技巧是:看从句缺什么成分.(缺主语或宾语填关系代词,缺状语则填关系副词) 三、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词 代替先行词，在从句中做状语 时间：when 地点：where 原因：why ①I shall never forget the days( which ) I spent in that factory. I shall never forget the days (when ) I worked in that factory. 选择关系代词或是关系副词的区别：看从句的动词是及物还是不及物。 ③ This is the farm (that)I visited two years ago. This is the farm (where)I stayed two years ago. Visit 是及物动词，后面缺少宾语 Stay 是不及物动词，后面不缺宾语，farm 是一个表示地点的名词，所以在从句中做地点状语 ④ This is the reason (that ) I mistake this morning. This is the reason（why）I was late this morning. Mistake 是个及物动词 I was late this morning ,句子成分完全 四、“介词+关系代词的结构” ①替 where ,在定语从句中在地点状语 This id the farm in which (=where) I stayed two years ago.
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②替 when ,在定语从句中在时间状语 I shall never forget the days on which (=when) we worked on the farm ③替 why 在从句中做原因状语 This is the reason for which (=why) I was late this morning. ④名词/代词+介词+关系代词的结构” 常见得结构有：some/several/a few/a little/ many/more/most/the largest… of which /whom Here are the questions, some of which I thought difficult for you. 关系代词前介词的确定 ⅰ依据从句中的习惯搭配来确定 I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved. ⅱ依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定 I shall never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country. ⅲ依据表达的意思来确定 The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen. 五、关系代词which和that的区别 ★只用that不用which的用法（七大条） ①当先行词是 all, much , little ,few, something, anything , everything ,none, nothing ,等不定代词或是被不定代词修饰时。 There is not much (that) ought to be done right now. ②当先行词是表语或是关系代词在从句中为表语时 He is not the man (that) he was. ③ 当主句以here 或是there 开头时。 Here is the hotel (that) you’ve been looking for. ④ 当先行词有the only, the same, the very, the last等限定词修饰时。 Chatting is the only thing (that) interested her most. ⑤ 当先行词是序数词，形容词最高级或是被序数词或是被形容词的最高级修饰时 This is the best film (that)I‘ve ever seen. ⑥ 主句是以who 或是which 开头的特殊疑问句时。 Who is the person（that）is standing at the gate. ⑦ 先行词同时是人又是物时。
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She took photographs of the things and people (that) she was interested in. ★只用which不用that的情况 ①在非限制性定语从句中 He passed the exam, which made me surprise. ②在介词后面 I have many books , half of which are about English. 高考英语短文改错及语法填空分析与训练·定语从句 考点规律分析:定语从句短文改错考点主要涉及定语从句引导词的误用、缺失以及多余；语法填空主要考查根据先行词及上下文填合适的引导词。 定语从句单句改错之真题训练： 1. …in other places you are limited to a certain number, of that some may be novels. 2. I also enjoyed the evenings when we spent together. 3. I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. 4. I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. 5.The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite. 定语从句单句改错之模拟训练： 1. He is the man his car was stolen. 2. That’s the hotel which we were staying last summer. 3. That’s the palace where we visited last summer. 4.It’s really a beautiful place, where everyone hopes to visit. 定语从句单句改错之提升训练： 1. This is the factory where we visited last week. 2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking. 3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two. 4. The house in that we live is very small. 5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow. 6. I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library. 7. This is the best film which I have ever seen. 8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.
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