2020年高考适应性练习（一）
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，只交答题卡。 第一部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Long Island’s hiking routes offer an escape for family time or your own mental or physical health. There’s lots to see, so open your senses because it’s a relaxing thing to do in a stressful time. Sagamore Hill, Oyster Bay
Walk along the same path that President Theodore Roosevelt walked with his family and guests. Sagamore Hill, now a national park, was once the summer home of the 26th president. The expansive property has a nature path through thick woodlands where hikers can walk over a little bridge over a stream. It’s a short, three-quarter-mile path through oak and tulip trees.
INFO: Open sunrise to sunset daily year-round; free; 516-922-4788. Blydenburgh County Park, Hauppauge
The east side of the park is flat, making the walk very kid-friendly. The west side is a bit more hilly, but both have splendid water views of the pond. On the east side is also the rowboat area and benches, as well as picnic tables.
When you’re at Blydenburgh County Park, go in the north entrance off Route 347, where the
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main office of the Greenbelt Trail Conference is situated. The office, also the start of the routes, provides information and maps.
INFO: Dawn to dusk; 631-854-3712. No fee collected from the main gate in the fall and winter.
Tackapausha Preserve, Seaford
The preserve has self-guided routes for the public and is a fun walk for kids with a stop at the museum to complete the visit. Guided walks at the museum are available with advance reservations for organizations and school groups. The paths are flat, well-maintained and clearly marked, with a pond with bridges and a waterfall along the way. It’s a great place to bring your family to bird watch, enjoy animals and connect with nature.
INFO: Free and open sunrise to sunset; 516-571-7443. 1. What is Sagamore Hill probably famous for? A. A nature path.
B. A little bridge.
D. A president’s summer home.
C. The thick woodlands.
2. What do Blydenburgh County Park and Tackapausha Preserve have in common? A. They are free.
B. They have water views.
D. They favor the elderly.
C. They have picnic service.
3. What should a group of students do for a better visit to the museum in Tackapausha Preserve? A. Book guided walks.
B. Take a new route. D. Consult museum guides.
C. Make additional payment.
B
A shark that walks in water instead of swimming might sound like a creature straight out of science fiction. However, that is precisely how the fish—found in the waters off Northern Australia—moves across the seafloor. The unique ocean animals were discovered by a team of scientists led by Dr. Christine Dudgeon from Australia’s University of Queensland during a 12-year global conservation study.
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The newly-found sharks have evolved (进化) to survive in low oxygen environments, enabling them to hunt during low tides. The researchers believe their ability to use their fins (鳍) to walk affords the sharks a remarkable edge over the smaller animals they try to hunt. “While they are super hunters in their shallow habitat, the tiny sharks present no threat to people,” says Dudgeon. “At less than a meter long on average, they’re incredibly cute little animals that do not look like sharks at all,” she adds.
A DNA analysis of skin samples from the live fish suggests that walking sharks broke away from their original population and became a distinct species about nine million years ago. Though that may appear to be a long time ago, it is relatively recent given that sharks have been around for more than 400 million years. In fact, Dudgeon and her team believe walking sharks are the youngest kind of sharks on Earth!
The researchers say that the sharks’ small numbers and shallow habitat make them extremely vulnerable (易受伤害) to natural disasters and overfishing. They are currently on the Nature Red List, which lists species at risk. Dudgeon and her team believe sensible conservation management plans are urgently needed to protect the walking sharks and other endangered animals from further threats.
4. What is the most noticeable feature of the newly-found sharks? A. They are cute and harmless to humans. B. They can survive in their shallow habitat. C. They walk on their fins across the seafloor. D. They are the youngest kind of sharks on Earth. 5. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The evolution of the sharks. B. The behavior of the sharks. C. The population of the sharks. D. The DNA samples of the sharks.
6. What should be done without delay according to Dudgeon and her team?
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A. Adjusting the methods of fishing. B. Putting the sharks on the Nature Red List. C. Changing the sharks’ living environments. D. Adopting necessary measures to protect the sharks. 7. In which column of a website can we read the text? A. Environment.
B. Nature.
C. Education.
C
The Tokyo Summer Olympics is going green. The 5,000 medals Japan has made are more special than most.
One novel focus of the Tokyo Olympics is to be “sustainable”—to avoid using too many natural resources, so that the games are easy on the environment. As part of this goal, the organizers decided to make all of the Olympic medals out of metal recycled from old electronics.
Almost all electronics are made with small amounts of “precious metals”, like gold and silver. But collecting enough of these metals to make 5,000 medals was a huge challenge. That’s because the amount of metal in each device is tiny. It would take about 20,000 cell phones to get just 1 kilogram of gold.
Beginning in April 2017, the organizers placed collection boxes around the country, and asked people to turn in their old electronic devices. Soon people began to respond to the initiative, turning in smartphones, digital cameras, handheld games, and laptops. At first, collection went slowly, but soon more and more areas began to take part. By the end, 1,621 local governments had helped out with the collection process.
Then came the job of breaking those devices down into smaller pieces. After being taken apart and sorted, the small electronics were smelted (熔炼) to get all the gold, silver, and bronze elements. This is a tricky job, which calls for careful attention and good skill. It’s also dangerous, because some of the metals and other things aren’t safe for people to touch or breathe.
D. Geography.
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