原译：We warmly welcome our friends from five great continents! 改译：A warm welcome to our friends from all over the world! 4) 欢迎你参加’93上海黄浦旅游节（标语）
原译：You are welcome to participate in ’93 Shanghai Huangpu Tourism Festival. 改译：Welcome to Shanghai Huangpu Tourist Festival of ’93! 5) 向文明游客致敬！（标语） 原译：Salute civilized travelers!
改译：Hats off to those respectable travelers!
注：根据资深翻译家沈苏儒先生的意见，civilized措辞不妥，容易使人联想起barbarous, savage, 非常不礼貌。另，沈先生认为，该标语太过于中国化，可不译。 6) 和平 友谊 进步（标语）
原译：PEACE FRIENDSHIP PROGRESS
改译：Peace， Friendship，and Progress of Mankind!
2000年悉尼夏季奥运会 Share the spirit 分享奥林匹克精神 2002年盐湖城冬季奥运会 Light the fire within 点燃心中之火 2004年雅典夏季奥运会 Welcome Home 欢迎回家
2006年都灵冬季奥运会 An Ever Burning Flame 永不熄灭的火焰
2008年北京夏季奥运会 One World One Dream 同一个世界、同一个梦想 7 ) 热烈祝贺亚运会（标语）
原译：Warmly congratulate the Asian Games
改译：Congratulations on the commencement/inauguration/success of the Asian Games!
热烈祝贺第6届亚洲冬季运动会隆重召开Congratulations on the inauguration of the 6th Asian Winter Games
8) 争取运动成绩与精神文明双丰收（标语） 原译：For a good harvest both in sports and morals.
改译：For a good harvest both in sports and in sportsmanship!
For better (athletic) records and sportsmanship! （张晓晖） 9) 加强国际交流合作，加快广州国际大都市建设步伐！（标语）
原译：International exchange and cooperation facilitate development of Guangzhou into international metropolis! 改译：
译文1：Facilitate the development of Guangzhou into an international metropolis through international exchange and cooperation.（何炳国改译）
译文2：Strengthen international exchanges and cooperation to quicken the pace of building Guangzhou into a big international metropolis! （何炳国试译） 译文3：Strengthen international exchange and cooperation to quicken the pace of building Guangzhou into an international metropolis. （何炳国定译）
点评：据悉，译文3系基于译文2而又经外教润色而得，老外说译文2中的big是赘词，因为metropolis的本意就是大城市的意思。（何炳国，1996：54）本例翻译中还有两个语言点也值得一提：一是“加快”的英语表达，二是英文build?into?的搭配。我国某位中央领导曾为榨菜之乡的涪陵题过这么一句词：“加快建设步伐，发展涪陵经济，做好移民工作”。该题词中的“加快建设步伐”在一精美画册中被译做：fasten the construction steps。“加快”或“加快??的步伐”除了to quicken the pace of以外，还有to accelerate, to speed up, to mend one’s pace, to add (send, give) wings to等等，就是不能用似是而非的fasten。至于build?into?之搭配，以前常有人认为是“中式英语”，并认为应代之以turn?into?。不过，语言是变化的，英语也在吸收外来语。当年克林顿欢迎江泽民时，讲话中就用了build San Francisco into a thriving cosmopolitan city（王
弄笙，2000：32）顺便再补充一句，英语中的mushroom into也可以表达“迅猛发展”之意，如：The little town mushroomed into a city.（四川外语学院翻译研究所 杨全红） 10) 让（小学生放学过街时所举标志牌） 原译：LET
改译：LET WAYS
11) 教师休息室（校内标志） 原译：Teachers’ Restroom 改译：Teachers’ Lounge Staff Room; Common Room
12) 本阅览室参考书不得私自携出（图书馆内告示）
原译：All the reference books are not to be taken out of the reading-room without permission. 改译：For reading within this room only. 四、翻译作业 春城昆明
昆明是云南省省会，位于西南云贵高原中部，是闻名遐阿迩的春城，全国24个历史文化名之城之一。昆明历史悠久，文化灿烂，得天独厚的气候条件，独具风采的自然、人文景观，绚丽多彩的民族风情和丰富的物产资源，使昆明更加神奇美丽。 Kunming, the Spring City
Kunming, the capital city of Yunnan Province, located in the middle of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in Southwest China, is a widely known spring city. As one of the 24 famous Chinese cities of history and culture, it has a long history, a splendid culture, an exceptional comfortable climate, unique scenes and sights of cultural interest, picturesque ethnic lifestyles, and rich mineral resources. All these add to its mystery and wonder. 昆明辖四区八县，总面积15,561平方公里，总人口370万，居住着26个民族。市中心海拔1,891米，城区三面环山，南濒滇池，依山傍水，全年气温变化不大，日平均气温15.1℃，“夏无酷暑，冬无严寒”，“万紫千红花不谢，花枝不断四时春”，有四百多种花卉，茶花为昆明市花。由于昆明气候四季如春，引得西伯利亚的数万只红嘴鸥每值冬季都要结群南徙，分享昆明春的气息。 With four districts and eight counties under its jurisdiction, Kunming covers an area of 15,561 square kilometers, its population amounting to 3.7 million, of which consists 26 ethnic groups. Its city center is situated at an elevation of 1,891 meters above sea level. Surrounded by mountains on its three sides and bordering on the Dianchi Lake to the south, it leans close to mountains and waters, thus enjoying a temperate climate. Its daily temperature averages 15.1℃, so it’s neither hot in summer nor cold in winter, ensuring that flowers in a riot of color never fade away during all the four seasons. Among its more than 400 kinds of flowers, camellia is chosen to be the city flower. Owing to the fact that Kunming has only a single season during all the year, tens of thousands black-headed gulls migrate from Siberia to here in winter in order to avoid severe cold.
中国四大自然景观之一的石林，位于昆明市西南部的路南彝族自治县内，距市区90公里。石林面积350平方公里，是地球上现存规模最大，最为完整的喀斯特地貌景观。这里是撒尼人聚居区，传说中阿诗玛的故乡。奇特的自然景色与多彩的民族风情交相辉映，令人陶醉其间。 The Stone Forest, one of the four most famous Chinese scenic spots, is located in Lunan Yi
Autonomous County to the southwest of Kunming city, 90 kilometers away from the downtown area. Covering an area of 350 square kilometers, it is the largest extant intact Karst limestone formation. This is the region where Sani ethnic minority people live, also the very place where the legendary story Ashima originated. Its singular natural beauty, combined with its miscellaneous ethnic features, enhances its charm and delightfulness.
昆明是全国少有的多民族聚居的省会城市，民俗风情多姿多彩。火把节、泼水节、三月三、目脑节等各种民族节庆更是异彩纷呈。
Kunming is a capital city inhabited by multi-nationality people, which is rarely seen in other places. Its attractiveness lies partly in its folk customs. There are such many ethnic festivals as the Torchlight Festival, the Water-Splashing Festival, the March 3rd Festival, and the Munao Festival.
昆明的交通四通八达。昆明机场为我国六大国际航空港之一，年旅客吞吐量达240万人次。六条铁路与全国铁路网和相邻的越南相连，以昆明为中心的高等级公路网正在形成。电话可直拨世界上二百多个国家和地区以及全国各大中城市。
It has an all-direction transport system. As one of the six largest airports in China, Kunming Airport transports passengers in and out, with the person-time totaling 2.4 million annually. Its six railways are connected with the National Railway Network and with its neighbor Vietnam. A
high-quality highway network centering around Kunming is on the way. Local and distance direct-dial calls are available, securing a smooth communication between Kunming and other middle and large Chinese cities, between it and more than 200 countries and regions in the world as well. 昆明有涉外宾馆38家，标准客房6,000多间，可为中外宾客提供优质服务。
Owning more than 6,000 two-bed rooms, 38 hotels in Kunming can provide foreign guests with accommodation. Both domestic and foreign guests can enjoy their first-rate service. 第五单元 旅游资料 练习
1） 西湖如明镜，千峰凝翠，洞壑幽深，风光奇丽。湖上有彩带似的苏堤、白堤飘落其上。三潭印月、湖心亭、阮公墩三个小岛鼎立湖中。
The West Lake is like a mirror, reflecting many green mountains towering around in the water. The mountains have deep zigzagging caves, which contributes to the beauty of the lake. Like two colorful strips, Su and Bai causeways float on the water. Three islets, namely, “Three Pools Mirroring the Moon”, Mid-Lake Pavilion and Ruangong Mound, dot the lake.
2) 每年农历六月份为黄龙庙会期，方圆几百里及青海、甘肃的藏、羌、回、汉各族人民也前来赶会。届时，帐篷连营，人马喧腾，歌舞相杂，十分热闹。
In Huanglong (Yellow Dragon) area, there is a temple fair in the 6th lunar month every year, which is popular among people living in an area of several hundred li from it. (?living far and near) This fair also attracts ethnic people from Qinghai and Gansu Province, such as the Tibetans, the Qinags, the Huis, and the Hans. When it is held, tents connected to each other, noises and excitement stirred by people and horses, singing and dancing performed, the fair is in a real festive mood.
3） 夜幕降临，乐山上空礼炮轰隆，彩灯光芒四溢。河面各只彩船上无数五颜六色的霓虹灯、日光灯齐放光华，闪烁迷离，和水中倒影连成一片。
As night falls, salvos are heard over the Leshan Mountain, and colored lanterns are dazzlingly bright. On the river, countless colorful neon lights and fluorescent lamps over the gaily decorated
dragon-shaped boats are displaying their luster, so glimmering and glittering that it’s hard to tell them from their reflections in the water.
4） 九寨沟的风光，又是另一番景象了。在那里，古树摇曳春秋，山花自谢自开，植被茸茸生烟，海子和瀑布随着季节的推移而变化多姿。
As for another scenic spot, Jiuzhaigou, it has its own distinctive features. In there the age-old trees are a witness to the passage of time; wild flowers blossom and wither on their own; the luxuriant vegetation feels soft and thick; lakes and waterfalls change their looks in every season. 5） 上海，市场繁荣，商业发达，服务网点星罗棋布，名产特产琳琅满目。
Markets in Shanghai are very active, and commerce there is continually expanding. Service trades are available in every corner of the city; famous and special products can be found in virtually every store.
6) 青岛座落在山东半岛南部，依山临海，天姿秀美，气候凉爽，人称“东方瑞士”。白天，青岛宛如镶嵌在黄海边的绿宝石，夜里则像一只在大海中摇动的摇篮。
Situated in the south of Shandong Peninsula, the city Qingdao leans against mountains and faces the Yellow Sea. Because of its beautiful natural scenery and cool comfortable climate, it is known as “Switzerland in the Orient”. In the daytime, it looks like an emerald bordering the sea, while at night it appears to be a rocking cradle in the sea. 四、翻译作业 北戴河海滨
北戴河海滨位于秦皇岛西南15公里处，是中国著名的避暑游览胜地。
北戴河海滨南临渤海，北依联峰山，海岸漫长曲折，滩面平缓，沙软潮平，海水清澈，是一处天然海水浴场。更因有海陆风影响，冬无严寒，夏无酷暑，盛夏时日平均气温仅23摄氏度，白天风从海面吹来，清凉湿润；入夜陆风渐强，凉爽宜人，实为中外游人的避暑胜地。
北戴河海滨的秀丽风景更是引人入胜。其中的东西联峰山，岗岭连绵，松柏蓊翳，奇石异峰，千姿百态。山前大海横陈，极目无际，山中一幢幢别墅楼阁，掩映在万绿丛中。东联峰山有莲花石，巨石为蕊，四面山石若瓣，恰似一朵莲花；西联峰山上有双石峭立，状如二人私语，称对语石。
Beidaihe, a Seaside Summer Resort
Beidaihe, one of China’s most famous seaside summer resorts, lies to the southwest of Qinhuangdao, 15 kilometers away from it.
Facing the Bohai Sea in the south and leaning against the Lianfeng Mount in the north, Beidaihe has a long winding seashore, and a flat and smooth beach, whose sands are soft and tides are low and gentle. The fact that the seawater near the beach is crystal-clear enables it to be a natural bathing beach. Moreover, thanks to the sea and land breeze, it’s neither cold in winter nor hot in summer, with the highest daily temperature averaging 23oC in midsummer. During the daytime cool and moist wind blows from ocean to land, while at night blowing from coastal areas to the sea, the wind, cool and soothing, becomes a little bit stronger. All these win its popularity among tourists at home and abroad, and build up its reputation as a summer resort.
The charms of Beidaihe Beach also lie in its enchanting beautiful scenery. Take the East Lianfeng Mount and West Lianfeng Mount. The continuous ridges, the lush pine and cypress trees, the
vagarious stones and peaks—all are the manifestations of the beauty of the two mountains. In front of them the sea stretches as far as the eye can see. On the hill-slopes are villas and tall buildings set off by green leaves in a picturesque fashion. The East Mount has a scenic spot called “Lotus Stone”, which resembles a lotus flower. A huge stone acts as its pistil, while other surrounding ones as its petals. A pair of rocks rises steeply on the top of the West Mount, and when looked at from a distance, they seem to be two close friends talking in whispers, thus they are named “Whispering Stones”. 孟姜女庙
孟姜女庙，在山海关以东6.5公里处，始建于明朝万历22年（公元1594年）。传说，孟姜女因夫被征修筑长城，万里寻夫，送寒衣来到山海关，后得悉其夫已死，痛哭不已，长城亦被哭倒，孟姜女也投海而死，后人建庙以示纪念。庙在岗上，登石阶可达。庙内有前后两殿，前殿泥塑孟姜女像，衣素服，面带愁容，凝视南海。后殿供观音，其后有一巨石，上刻“望夫石”三字。石间有小坑，俗传是孟姜女所踏足迹。还有振衣亭，传为孟姜女梳妆和更衣的地方。 The Mengjiang Temple
The Mengjiang Temple, in commemoration of a legendary woman named “Mengjiang”, is 6.5 kilometers to the east of the Shanhai (Mountain and Sea) Pass. It was built in 1594 (the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty). The legend goes that the woman trudged thousands of miles in order to visit her husband who had been drafted into doing the hard labor of building the Great Wall. She took with her the winter clothing for her husband and arrived at the Shanhai Pass, only to find that her husband had died. She wept her heart out, her tears flooding the Great Wall so that it collapsed. In despair she committed suicide by jumping into the sea. In memory of her death, people built a temple on a hill near the site, with stone steps leading to it. There are two halls in the temple. A clay statue of Mengjiang was placed in the front hall. Dressed in black and white, she looks worried and grieved, gazing at the sea in the south. The back hall is for the worship of Guanyin, the Goddess of Mercy. Outside the backdoor stands a huge stone, on which an inscription was carved. The inscription reads Wangfushi, which means “the stone on which a woman steps and she stretches her eyes over the sea, yearning for the return of her husband”. A small pit on it is said to be the footprint left by Mengjiang. Beside the stone is a pavilion called “Zhenyiting”, a place, according to the legend, where she dresses and makes up. 京伦饭店
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