哈尔滨工业大学远程教育本科毕业设计（论文）
摘 要
随着我国经济的发展和科技的进步，电力电子装置的广泛应用已经取代电力变压器成为配电网中污染最严重、数量最大的谐波源。这些电力电子装置都为可变结构非线性电力负荷，工作于非线性状态，在高效利用电能的同时也向电网注入大量的非线性电流，给公共电网的电能质量带来了隐患。
论文首先对谐波产生的主要原因进行了逐项分析，然后就电力电网中谐波的危害表现做了具体描述，最后对谐波的防治和综合治理提出了一些观点和设想，并以江苏索普集团醋酸厂的谐波治理为研究对象，重点放在以变频器为代表的非线性负荷如何有效抗干扰和抑制谐波的产生上，还对高次谐波治理的主要方法从原理到实际应用进行了分析比较。
通过实验分析表明，电网谐波的综合治理对提高电能质量，补偿无功提高功率因素，降低设备故障起到积极作用，节电率达10%～30%，谐波滤除率为70%～80%，同时避免因谐波造成的交流电波形畸变而造成电网计量具不准而被当地供电部门罚款，经济和社会环保效益明显。
关键词 谐波源；非线性负载；谐波电流；电能质量；综合治理
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哈尔滨工业大学远程教育本科毕业设计（论文）
Abstract
Along with the progress of the development and science and technology of our country economy, electric power electronics equip of extensively applied have already replaced electric power transformer to become go together with in the charged barbed wire net pollute most seriously, amount the biggest harmonics source. These electric power electronics equip all for the variable structure not line electric power to carry, work in not line the appearance be efficiently making use of electric power of also in the meantime toward the charged barbed wire net infuse into line electric current in great quantities and not, brought the electric power quality of public charged barbed wire net concealed suffer from.
Thesis first to harmonics creation of the main reason carried on pursue item analysis, then the harmonic bane performance did a concrete description on the electric power charged barbed wire net, finally to harmonic prevention and cure with comprehensive managed to put forward some standpoints and conceive, and with the harmonics of Suo Pu group acetic acid factory in Jiangsu manage for research object, the point put at with change Pin machine for representative of not the line carry how valid anti- interference with repress a harmonic creation up, also to higherharmonic manage of the main method is from the principle arrive physically applied carried on analysis compare.
Pass experiment analytical enunciation, the charged barbed wire net is harmonic comprehensive manage to compensate to raise a power factor without
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哈尔滨工业大学远程教育本科毕业设计（论文）
the achievement towards raising electric power quality, , lower equipments breakdown since the positive effect, the stanza electricity rate reaches to 10% ～ 30%, the harmonics filter in addition to the rate is for 70% ～80% and avoid in the meantime because harmonics the exchanges electric wave form mutation for result in but result in the charged barbed wire net calculate to prohibit but is fine money by the local power supply section, economic and social environmental protection performance obvious.
Key words Harmonics source；Non the line loads；Harmonics electric current ；Electric power quality；Comprehensive manage
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哈尔滨工业大学远程教育本科毕业设计（论文）
目 录
摘 要?????????????????????????????Ⅰ Abstract????????????????????????????Ⅱ 第1章 绪论??????????????????????????1
1.1 课题背景及意义?????????????????????1 1.1.1 谐波产生的原因???????????????????2 1.1.2 谐波治理的意义???????????????????3 1.2 谐波治理的措施?????????????????????5 1.2.1 从产生的根源治理??????????????????5 1.2.2 在电网中增加谐波治理装置??????????????5 1.3 论文的主要内容?????????????????????6 第2章 电力电网谐波产生来源分析?????????????????7
2.1 发电源质量不高产生谐波?????????????????7 2.2 输配电系统产生谐波???????????????????7 2.3 非线性用电设备产生的谐波????????????????8 2.3.1 整流装置??????????????????????8 2.3.2 变频装置??????????????????????9 2.3.3 电弧炉???????????????????????13 2.3.4 电压互感器?????????????????????13 2.3.5 气体放电类电光源??????????????????13 2.3.6 一些电器设备??????????????????? 13 2.3.7 其它一些非线性负载?????????????????13 2.4 本章小结???????????????????????13
第3章 电力系统中谐波的危害的一般表现????????????? 14
3.1 对供配电系统的危害???????????????????14 3.1.1 影响线路的稳定运行?????????????????14
3.1.2 影响电网的质量???????????????????14 3.2 对电力设备的危害????????????????????14 3.2.1 对电力电容器的危害?????????????????14 3.2.2 对电力变压器的危害?????????????????15 3.2.3 对电力电缆的危害??????????????????15 3.2.4 对用电设备的危害??????????????????15
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