two boys murdered in Necochea, a village near Buenos Aires. Their mother, Francisca Rojas, accused a neighbour named Velasquez. But when Vucetich compared fingerprints found at the murder scene to those of both Velasquez and Rojas, they matched Rojas' exactly. She admitted her crime. This was the first time fingerprints had been used in a criminal investigation. Vucetich called his system comparative dactyloscopy (指纹鉴定法). It's still used in many Spanish-speaking countries.
Sir Edward Henry, in charge of the Metropolitan Police of London, soon became interested in using fingerprints to catch criminals. In 1896, he added to Galton's technique, creating his own classification system, the Henry Classsification System. It is the primary method of fingerprint classification throughout most of the world.
41. What is the text mainly about?
A. The history of fingerprinting. B. Different uses of fingerprints.
C. Countries that first used fingerprints.
D. The way to collect and analyze fingerprints.
42. Herschel had people record their fingerprints so as to ____________.
A. develop a fingerprinting system B. collect and study fingerprints C. put them on pieces of clay D. prevent illegal business
43. Who first came up with the ideas of creating a fingerprint classification system?
A. Herschel. B. Faulds. C. Darwin. D. Galton. 44. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to _________. A. the crimes B. the two boys C. the fingerprints D. the police officers 45. We can learn from the text that___________. A. Henry’s classification system is based on Galton’s B. Faulds collected many fingerprints while in Japan C. Darwin showed great interest in studying fingerprints D. Vucetich’s fingerprinting system is still used all over the world
C
If you are interested in animals, you probably heard about the tragedy at SeaWorld Orlando. On February 24, Tilikum, a six-ton orca (虎鲸), was performing with his trainer, Dawn Brancheau, who stood on a platform by his pool.
They had done the same show together many times before, without incident. This time, though, events took a terrible turn. Without warning, Tilikum leaped from the water, took hold of Brancheau by her hair, and dragged her deep below the water’s surface. Before other trainers could react, Brancheau drowned.
Although known as killer whales, orcas are the largest member of the dolphin family. They are easy to train, and performances like Tilikum’s have been done safely thousands of times. Yet Dawn Brancheau’s death was a shocking reminder of what can happen when human beings act together with wild animals. People began to ask, “Should orcas be kept in captivity (囚禁)?”
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YES
Worldwide, only 42 orcas are being kept by humans. Scientists know very little about these huge sea animals, which are difficult to study in the wild. However, they do know that orcas are easily harmed by pollution. As our oceans become ever more damaged by human activity, observing orcas up close helps us understand them and do a better job of protecting them in nature.
“I think that some dangerous animals, such as killer whales, should be kept in captivity because it raises awareness about them and educates people about wild animals,” says Lauren, 12, a sixth-grader from Colorado. “Keeping some in captivity will help protect their species.” NO
Enclosed habitats can be painful to wild animals, and make them act in unpredictable—even harmful—ways.
“It is wrong to keep these animals in captivity,” says Prathm, 12. The seventh-grader from New Jersey, adds, “They should live in their own habitats, not be used as entertainment slaves.”
Richard Ellis, a marine conservationist (海洋保护主义者) in New York , agrees. “It is part of human nature to keep wild animals in small spaces and train them to do tricks,” he says. “I’m against it because I think it humiliates the animals.”
46. Why does the author tell the tragedy of Dawn Brancheau? A. To introduce the topic. B. To express his sympathy.
C. To describe the human-animal relationship.
D. To warn people of the danger of keeping animals.
47. Lauren supports the idea of keeping orcas in captivity because _____. A. they can serve to enrich people’s life B. people need to learn more about them C. their species can be increased this way D. it’s difficult for them to survive in the wild 48. What can we infer from the text? A. It is difficult to train orcas. B. Orcas are rare sea animals.
C. Orcas’ habitat is being destroyed. D. Many orcas are hunted each year.
49. The underlined word “humiliates” in the last paragraph most probably means “_____”. A. makes sb. less intelligent B. makes sb. feel ashamed C. makes sb. physically weak D. makes sb. feel threatened 50. The text is mainly about _____.
A. how to help animals live a better life B. how to develop friendship with animals C. whether killer whales should be protected D. whether animals should be kept in captivity
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D
Parents are often amazed at how fast their child grows and develops. New research has determined that the ability to quantify may develop much sooner than most parents realize.
Kristy Vanmarle, professor of the University of Missouri, has determined that contrary to what previous studies have shown, infants（婴儿）are able to quantify substances（物质）—like sand or water—as early as 10 months. As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough, infants will choose the larger amount, especially when it comes to food.
With the assistance of her team researchers, Vanmarle tested the quantifying skills of babies by presenting them with two cups: one containing a small amount of food, and one containing a larger amount. Consistently, the babies chose the larger amount.
“Several studies throughout the last 15 years have shown that infants are very good at telling how many objects they see; however, infants don’t seem to count things like water or sand,” Vanmarle said. “What we’re saying is that they can quantify substances; it’s just much harder. The infants can see how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories. They decide which amount is larger, and they almost always select the larger one.”
This information further refutes（驳斥）the long-held idea that babies “know nothing of the world,” Vanmarle said.
“Since psychologists have begun studying infants with sensitive measures, we’ve discovered a lot of early abilities. I think for parents, it should be exciting to know that there’s somebody in there that has some fundamental and basic knowledge of the world, and that knowledge is guiding their development,” Vanmarle said.
In the future, Vanmarle says this kind of study could be linked to a child’s progress in math-related skills, although programs marketed to increase those abilities, such as “Baby Einstein,” still have mixed reviews when it comes to academic study.
51. The quantifying ability refers to the ability to . A. choose between different substances B. tell the quantity of something C. get much knowledge of the world D. obtain math-related skills
52. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4? A. The process of doing research. B. The final choice of infants. C. The scientific findings.
D. The observation of infants’ behavior.
53. Babies choose the larger amount of food . A. through their natural abilities B. with the help of parents C. on personal preference D. by saying numbers
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54. We can learn from the text that .
A. some parents don’t care about their kids
B. people used to think the world is known to babies C. there are disagreements on baby-training programs D. little research has been done on infants 55. What’s the best title of the text? A. Unique Quantifying Methods B. Breakthrough in Baby Studies C. Early Human Abilities
D. Amazing Baby-training Ideas
第Ⅱ卷（两部分；共35分）
第三部分 写作
第一节 阅读表达（共5 小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Certain people seem to be born knowing exactly what they want to do with their lives. Many others, however, spend many years not just failing to realize any dreams, but not even knowing what their dreams are. They can't decide what they are good at, or they are good at too many things, and can’t set definite goals. Examine yourself to decide what matters in your life and to determine what goals you should quest for.
Most children have interests, dreams, passions, and ambitions. As they become adults, however, they may start rejecting their dreams, perhaps because they feel they must earn a secure living, or because those dreams now seem like silly fantasies. If they allow themselves to daydream a bit, then those original desires usually return. People may not be able to realize those early goals exactly the way they had once imagined, but with imagination and determination they can still reach some versions of them.
Everyone has skills and talents unique to himself or herself. Some have more earning potential and some have less, but either way, being true to one’s abilities will lead to success in the end. Examine yourself realistically. If you are a good listener you might make an effective counselor or psychologist. Compassion for people who are suffering might make you a good nurse, or doctor. Define your abilities and then determine which direction to take.
All decisions that matter involve struggle. Individuals that try to make their lives as comfortable and safe as possible rarely achieve their goals. An element of risk is always a factor in pursuing one's passions. Risk makes everyone feel anxious, but the worst thing that happens is momentary failure. One can always try again. The worst choice is not to attempt anything at all. If one is willing to try, then one's passion will almost always pay off, and one’s dreams will be fulfilled.
56. According to the passage, why do many adults give up their original dreams? (No more than 15 words) 57. Why does a person need to recognize his own skills and talents? (No more than 15 words) 58. Please explain the underlined phrase “quest for” in English. (No more than 5 words) 59. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? (No more than 15 words)
60. Which statement from the passage inspired you, and why? （No more than 25 words）
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