江苏省郑集高级中学城区校区2020届高三年级网络教学
英 语 必 刷 题 第 6 组
Ⅰ.阅读理解
I’m a storyteller. And I would like to tell you a few personal stories.
I grew up reading British and American children’s books. When I began to write, I wrote exactly the kinds of stories I was reading: All my characters were white and blue-eyed, they ate apples and talked a lot about the weather, despite the fact that I lived in Nigeria. We ate mangoes, and we never talked about the weather. Because all I had read were books in which characters were foreign, I had become convinced that books by their very nature had to have foreigners in them. Things changed when I discovered African books. Because of writers like Chinua Achebe and Camara Laye, I went through a_mental_shift in my idea of literature. I realized that people like me—a girl with skin of the color of chocolate, could also exist in literature. I started to write about things I recognized. So what the discovery of African writers did for me was this: It saved me from having a single story of what books were.
The year I turned eight, we got a new houseboy Fide from a nearby rural village. The only thing my mother told us about him was that his family was very poor. And when I didn’t finish my dinner, my mother would say, “Finish your food! Don’t you know? People like Fide’s family have nothing”. So I felt enormous pity for Fide’s family. Then one Saturday, we went to his village to visit, and his mother showed us a beautifully patterned basket that his brother had made. I was astonished. It had not occurred to me that anybody in his family could actually make something. Their poverty was my single story of them.
Years later, when I left Nigeria to go to university in the United States, my American roommate asked where I had learned to speak English so well, and was confused when I said that Nigeria happened to have English as its official language. What struck me was this: She had felt sorry for me even before she saw me. My roommate had a single story of Africa: a single story of catastrophe.
Of course, Africa is a continent full of catastrophes. But there are other stories that are not about catastrophe, and it is very important, and it is just as important, to talk about them. The consequence of the single story is this: It robs people of dignity. It makes our recognition of our equal humanity difficult. It emphasizes how we are different rather than how we are similar.
So what if my mother had told us that Fide’s family was poor but hardworking? What if we had an African television network that broadcast diverse African stories all over the world? What if my roommate knew about my Nigerian publisher, Muhtar Bakare, a remarkable man who left his job in a bank to follow his dream and start a publishing house? What if my roommate knew about my friend Funmi Iyanda, a fearless woman who hosts a TV show, and is determined to tell the stories that we prefer to forget?
My Nigerian publisher and I have just started a non-profit organization called Farafina Trust, and we have big dreams of building libraries and providing books for state schools, and also of organizing lots of workshops in reading and writing, for all the people who are eager to tell our many stories.
Stories matter. Many stories matter. Stories can break the dignity of a people, but stories can also repair that broken dignity. When we realize that there is never a single story about any place, we regain a kind of paradise.
1．What is probably people’s first impression of the writer when it comes to her nationality? A．She mainly eats apples and mangoes. B．She may not speak fluent English.
C．She comes from a place free of catastrophes. D．She prefers stories based on foreign characters.
2．The underlined phrase “a mental shift” in Paragraph 2 refers to the writer’s ________． A．discovery of African books with characters of her skin color B．acquaintance with local African writers like Chinua Achebe C．realization that not only foreign characters exist in literature D．change that she started to write about things she recognized 3．How many personal stories has the writer mentioned in the passage? A．Two. C．Four.
B．Three. D．Five.
4．The writer uses several single stories in the passage to illustrate that the single story ________．
A．matters in keeping listeners well informed B．tends to convey a prejudiced idea to listeners C．gets increasingly popular among storytellers D．fails to produce a lasting effect on listeners
5．The writer lists many “what ifs” in Paragraph 6 to ________． A．emphasize our differences rather than similarities B．indicate the way that stories are used to break dignity C．show the hardship of recognizing our equal humanity D．stress the importance of telling diverse, balanced stories 6．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．The Danger of the Single Story B．The Importance of Telling Stories C．The Single Stories That Matter
D．Stories That Can Repair Broken Dignity Ⅱ.任务型阅读
(2019·江苏高考名校联考)People join groups to meet basic needs and feel like we belong.Groups provide a significant way to understand and define ourselves—both through groups we feel a connection to and those we do not.As steady social units, groups also help build shared value systems and are key to the structure of society.
Sociologists have built on the distinction between the ways people interact with each other to distinguish between two types of groups：primary and secondary.The primary group is usually fairly small and is made up of individuals who generally engage face to face in long-term, emotional ways.This group is usually made up of significant others—those individuals who have the most impact on our socialization.The best example of a primary group is the family.
Secondary groups are often larger and impersonal.They may also be task focused and time limited.These groups serve a practical purpose rather than an expressive one, meaning that their role is more goal or task targeted than emotional.An example of a secondary relationship is that of a stockbroker(股票经纪人) and her clients.The stockbroker likely relates to her clients in terms of business only.She probably will not socialize with her clients or hug them.
Primary relationships are most common in small and traditional societies, while secondary relationships are the norm in large and industrial societies.Secondary relationships often result in loneliness and isolation.This does not mean, however, that secondary relationships are bad.Further, primary group relationships can evolve out of secondary group relationships.This happens in many work settings.People on the job often develop close relationships with co-workers as they come to share complaints, jokes, gossip, and satisfactions.
A group’s size can also determine how its members behave and relate.A small group is small enough to allow all of its members to directly interact.Examples of small groups include families, friends, discussion groups, and athletic teams.People are more likely to experience primary relationships in small group settings than in large settings.
As a group increases in size, its members participate and cooperate less, and are more likely to be dissatisfied.A larger group’s members may even be stopped, for example, from publicly helping out victims in an emergency.In this case, people may feel that because so many others are available to help.Similarly, members in larger groups are more likely to work less because they expect others to take over their tasks.
Types of Social Groups People expect to meet basic needs and have a sense of 1.____________ Divisions of social groups from joining groups. Social groups are divided into two types on the 2.____________ of different interactions. 3.____________ of Primary groups consist of 4.____________ people. the two groups Primary groups serve people’s emotional needs. Primary group relationships 5.________________________________________________________________________ longer. Secondary groups are larger in size. Secondary groups mainly focus on 6.____________ purposes. People are related rather 7.____________ in secondary groups. Secondary groups may bring about 8.____________ feelings. People may feel dissatisfied and avoid their 9.____________ when primary Switch between the groups become bigger. two groups 第六组
Ⅰ.阅读理解
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一位热爱文学的非洲女孩，她成长过程中的不同经历使她意识到故事提升民族尊严的重要性。
1．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中作者的美国室友对作者来自尼日利亚，并能说一口流利英语表示疑惑可知，人们对尼日利亚人的第一印象可能是他们不会说流利的英语，故选B。
2．C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“I realized that people like me—a girl with skin of the color of chocolate, could also exist in literature.”可知，作者的思想发生了转变，她意识到像她这样有着巧克力肤色的人也可以在文学作品中占有一席之地，即不是只有外国人物存在于文学作品中。故选C。
3．B 解析：细节理解题。本文第二段、第三段、第四段分别讲了：作者意识到文学作品中不是只有外国人物；作者发现Fide一家贫穷却努力；作者的美国室友对尼日利亚的刻板印象。因此一共三个她的个人经历。
4．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The consequence of the single story is this: It robs people of dignity.”可知，单一故事的影响是它可以剥夺人的尊严；通读全文可知，不论是作者、作者的妈妈，还是作者的美国室友，在看待问题时都存在偏见，因此“single story”可以理解为“一面之词”“刻板印象”，它不完全反映事实，即会给听众传达有偏见的想法，故选B。
5．D 解析：推理判断题。作者的一系列假设，对应了上文所提及的单一故事，说明故事的重要性，故事可以剥夺一个民族的尊严，也可以修补那些被摧毁的尊严。我们不应该
Secondary group relationships may 10.____________ into primary group relationships. 听信一面之词，应该讲述不同的均衡的故事。故选D。
6．A 解析：标题归纳题。文章通过事例讲述了作者、作者的妈妈、作者的美国室友的偏见，以及作者对此的看法，她认为单一故事剥夺人的尊严，使人们很难意识到人性平等，它强调人们是多么的不同。因此是能带来危害的。故选A。
Ⅱ.任务型阅读
1．belonging 2.basis 3.Features/Characteristics/Traits 4．fewer 5.last 6.practical 7.formally 8.negative 9．responsibility/responsibilities
10.evolve/develop
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