情态动词和虚拟语气
(共3组，每组限时8分钟)
[一模题组]
1．(2013·成都一诊)Parents are doing all they ________ to help their children achieve their ambitions.
A．shall C．may
B．can D．need
解析：选B 考查情态动词。句意：父母们在做他们力所能及的事来帮助他们的孩子实现他们的夙愿。完整形式为“Parents are doing all they can do to help their children achieve their ambitions.”其中they can do是定语从句，修饰先行词all; to help their children achieve their ambitions是目的状语。由于主句中出现了实义动词doing，所以省略了从句中的do。故答案为B。
2．(2013·江西六所重点高中一模)We ________ take clean drinking water for granted. One day we may run out of it.
A．needn't C．won't
B．can't D．shouldn't
解析：选D 考查情态动词。句意：我们不应该把拥有洁净的饮用水看作是理所当然的。也许有一天，我们会用完它。shouldn't“不应该”，符合句意。
3．(2013·皖南八校一模)I felt surprised that anyone of his intelligence ________ such an easy test.
A．might have failed C．should have failed
B．could have failed D．must have failed
解析：选C 考查情态动词。句意：我感到非常吃惊，像他那种智力的人竟然没有通过这么简单的测试。should表“竟然”，有出人意料的意思。
4．(2013·济南一模)—Can you keep the secret?
—You ________ worry — I'm not going to mention it to anyone. A．needn't C．mustn't
B．couldn't D．won't
解析：选A 考查情态动词。句意：“你能保守这个秘密吗？”“你不必担心，我不会向任何人提及它的。”根据句意可知应选needn't，表示“不必”。
5．(2013·银川高三一模)—Where is the post office?
—It's just over there, at the end of the street. You ________ not miss it.
A．can
B．must
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C．may D．should
解析：选A 考查情态动词。句意：“邮局在哪里？”“就在那边，街道的尽头。你不会错过的。”can not“不会”；must not“禁止”；may not“可能不”；should not“不应该”。根据句意应选A。
6．(2013·山西省太原市统一检测)—David, the windows of the room are very dirty. ________ I clean them before we move in?
—Of course. A．Will C．Shall
B．Would D．Do
解析：选C 考查情态动词。句意：“David，这个房间的窗户很脏。在我们搬进来之前我可以擦洗一下吗？”“当然可以。”shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示请求或征求对方意见。
7．(2013·江西鹰潭一中高三一模)What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ________ better.
A．need have done C．can have done
B．must have done D．might have done
解析：选D 考查情态动词。句意：太可惜了！就他的能力和经验而言，他本可以做得更好。根据句意可知，此处应用might have done“本可以……”。can have done通常只用于否定句和疑问句。
8．(2013·厦门第一次适应性考试)When my father is upset, he would rather ________.
A．leave alone C．left alone
B．we left him alone D．we leave him alone
解析：选B 考查虚拟语气。句意：当我的父亲烦恼的时候，他更喜欢我们不打扰他。would rather后接宾语从句时，从句谓语常用一般过去时表示对现在或将来的虚拟。故B项正确。
9．(2013·齐鲁名校一模)To make the most of your time, live every moment as if it________ your last.
A．is C．were
B．would be D．has been
解析：选C 考查虚拟语气。句意：要充分利用时间，把每一刻都当作生命的最后一刻来生活。此处是与现在事实相反的一种虚拟，故用were，答案为C。
10．(2013·吉林长春一模)—Please don't tell anybody. —I ________. I promise.
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A．can't C．won't
B．don't D．mustn't
解析：选C 考查情态动词。句意：“请不要告诉任何人。”“我不会的，我保证。”can't“不可能，不能够”；don't助动词，表示否定；won't“不会的”，是will not的缩写；mustn't表示禁止。根据句意应选C项。
11．(2013·保定唐县一中高三一模)—Is it good to look up every new word when I come across it in reading?
—No, you ________， because you are likely to guess the meaning from the context. A．don't have to C．can't
B．shouldn't D．mustn't
解析：选A 句意：“当我阅读时遇到生词是不是每个都要查词典？”“不，你不必，因为你可以根据上下文猜测单词的意思。”don't have to表示“没有必要做”，符合语境。
12．(2013·辽宁五校一模)The little child ________ go out alone at night, so he ________ walk in the dark that night.
A．doesn't dare to; dared not to B．daren't to; didn't dare to C．daren't; dared not D．doesn't dare to; dare not 解析：选C 考查dare的用法。句意：那个小孩晚上不敢独自外出，所以那晚他不敢在黑暗中行走。dare既可作实义动词，也可作情态动词，作实义动词时，一般用dare to do sth.，在否定句和疑问句中to可省略，作情态动词时，后接动词原形。分析各个选项可排除A、B两项，再根据句中的that night可知，第二空应用一般过去时，排除D项。
13．(2013·济南一模)They advocate the proposal we were opposed ________ rediscussed at the next meeting.
A．to be C．to was
B．should be D．was
解析：选A 考查固定短语和虚拟语气。句意：他们主张我们反对的那个提议应该在下次会议上重新讨论。be opposed to sth.为固定短语，由此可知此处首先需要补充完整，故排除B、D两项；再分析句子成分可知，advocate后的从句为宾语从句，需要用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”，故A项正确。
14．(2013·江西十所重点中学第一次联考)What's your opinion of Mr Li's request that we ________ spend half an hour reading English aloud every morning?
A．must C．should
B．would D．could
解析：选C 考查虚拟语气。request后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即用“(should＋)动词原形”，表示要求。
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15．(2013·陕西西北工大附中一模) ________ a little earlier, you could have got a copy of his latest book.
A．If you would arrive C．Should you arrive
B．If you arrived D．Had you arrived
解析：选D 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你早到一会儿，你就会得到他的最新的一本书。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去完成时，省略if, had提前构成倒装。
[二模题组]
1．(2013·四川省六校二模)Jack is an outgoing child, usually kind and helpful, but he ________ lose temper sometimes.
A．must C．can
B．would D．should
解析：选C 考查情态动词。句意：杰克是个外向的孩子，平时很善良且乐于助人，但有时他也可能会发脾气。此处需要一个表示可能性的情态动词，只有can符合句意。
2．(2013·成都第二次诊断)—Where did you get this book?
—I picked it up from a second-hand bookshop if you ________ know. A．must C．can
B．will D．shall
解析：选A 考查情态动词。if you must (do sth.)表示“如果你一定要(那么做)”，所以选A，表示“如果你一定要知道的话”。
3．(2013·四川省都江堰市二模)—Mike, I can't find my watch anywhere. —You ________ it while working out. A．may have lost C．would have lost
B．could have lost D．should have lost
解析：选A 考查情态动词。句意：“Mike，我哪儿也找不到我的手表。”“你有可能在锻炼身体时丢了。”may have done表示对已经发生的事情的推测，相当于“可能，大概”，符合语境。
4．(2013·江苏南通市二模)We ________ have hurried all the way to the airport — the flight was called off because of the foggy weather.
A．mustn't C．needn't
B．couldn't D．wouldn't
解析：选C 考查情态动词。句意：我们本不必一路上都着急去机场的——航班因为大雾天气被取消了。needn't have done表示“本不必做却做了”，符合句意。
5．(2013·江西九江二模)If you won't do as I tell you, you ________ get the chance to be promoted because the competition is just too fierce.
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A．couldn't C．shouldn't
B．mustn't D．shan't
解析：选D 考查情态动词。句意：如果你不照我说的做，你就得不到晋升的机会，因为竞争太激烈了。shall用于第二、三人称可表示说话人给对方的警告，符合句意。
6．(2013·合肥第二次质检)Martin hasn't been in touch with me for ages. He ________ my new cellphone number.
A．needn't get C．can't get
B．mustn't get D．shouldn't have got
解析：选C 考查情态动词。句意：马丁已经很长时间不和我联系了。他不可能有我的新手机号码。can表示猜测，往往用于否定句或疑问句，故选C。
7．(2013·合肥一中二模)The school recommends parents ________ their children to swim in rivers or lakes during summer holidays.
A．not permit C．mustn't permit
B．do not permit D．couldn't permit
解析：选A recommend在此意为“建议”，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用“should＋动词原形”，其中，should可以省略。
8．(2013·福建三明二模)—Look at the full moon. How beautiful it is! —How I wish I ________ on it some day! A．were C．would be
B．am D．will be
解析：选C 考查虚拟语气。句意：“看那圆圆的月亮。它多美呀！”“我多么希望将来有一天能在月亮上面呀！”wish后面的宾语从句表达的是将来不可能实现的愿望，故用虚拟语气。结合语境可知，此处是对将来事件的虚拟，故选C。
9．(2013·四川省南充市二模) ________ him not to do so, he wouldn't have made such a serious mistake.
A．If I persuaded C．Had I persuaded
B．Did I persuade D．If I should persuade
解析：选C 考查倒装、省略和虚拟语气。根据“wouldn't have made”可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，因此从句用if引导且用过去完成时；省略if并将had提前就构成了省略if的虚拟条件句，且构成了倒装结构。
10．(2013·辽宁五校二模)—Mum, can I watch the TV program for another twenty minutes?
—Sorry, dear, it's time you ________ to bed. A．went
B．go
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