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译林版牛津英语八年级下册Unit 5知识点+测试卷

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Unit 5 Good manners

内容全解 Part One Comic strip 重点全解

1、You’re old enough to learn about manners now, Hobo. (P 64) (1) manner 可数名词,此处意为“礼貌,礼仪,礼节”,常用复数形式。 常用搭配:

good manners 有礼貌 bad manners 没礼貌 table manners 餐桌礼仪 (2) manner 作可数名词,还有“方法,方式” 之意,常用单数形式,与way同义。

例如:You should write in this manner.

2、First, always share your things with others.(P 64) share sth with sb 意为“和某人分享、合用某物”。 例如:Let’s share the birthday cake with them. 3、Second, don’t cut in on others. (P 64) cut in (on sb.) 意为“打断某人的谈话,插嘴”,相当于interrupt sb。 例如: Mary likes to cut in on others. 4、Always wait politely. (P 64) (1) politely 副词,意为“礼貌地”, 常用来修饰动词。 例如:We should speak to the old politely. (2) polite 形容词,意为“礼貌的”,可用作定语、表语等,它的反义词impolite,意为“无礼的”。be polite to sb. 意为“对某人有礼貌”。 例如:It’s impolite to shout loudly.

The students are polite to their teachers. Part Two Welcome to the unit 重点全解

1、Leave the tap running.(P 65)

(1) leave sth doing意为“使/让.......处于.....状态”。leave后接名词、形容词、动词ing形式、介词短语作宾语补足语。 例如: Don’t leave the machine turning. (2) run 此处为不及物动词,意为“流动”。 例如:Tears ran from her eyes.

run 作不及物动词,意为“跑,奔跑”。例如:I saw a boy running on the street. run 作不及物动词,意为“机器运转”。例如:The engine runs properly. run 作不及物动词,意为“掉色,褪色”。例如:When you wash the blouse in hot

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water,the color will run.

run 作及物动词,意为“经营,管理”。例如:They run the restaurant well. 2、Pick flowers in the park (P 65)

pick 此处为及物动词,意为“采,摘(花朵,果实等)”。 例如:He picked her a rose.

pick up 意为“拾起,捡起;用车接人”。 例如:He picked the pen up. 3、obey traffic rules(P 65)

obey 此处为及物动词,意为“遵守,服从”。 例如:You should obey school rules.

obey 还可作不及物动词,意为“服从;听话”。 例如:He is very naughty. He doesn’t like to obey. 4、queue for your turn(P 65)

(1) queue 此处为不及物动词,意为(人、车等)排队等候。 例如: Please queue up for a bus.

Many people don’t like to queue.

queue 还可用作可数名词,意为“队,行列”。

例如:stand in a queue 排队等候 jump the queue 插队 (2) turn 此处为可数名词,意为“轮流,(轮流的)顺序”。 例如:It’s your turn to read now. 与turn相关的短语:

take turns 轮流 in turn依次,轮流 by turns 轮流,交替 例如:Please take turns to look after the sick boy. Please answer the question in turn. 5、We should keep quiet. (P 65) keep quiet 意为“保持安静”,keep此处为连系动词,意为“保持(某种状态)”,后跟形容词作表语。

例如:You must keep quiet in the hospital. 系动词归纳:

一是(be)一觉(feel)一保持(keep);四个起来(look看起来,sound听起来,taste尝起来,smell闻起来);似乎(seem)变了四个(get,become, go,turn) 6、Anything else? (P65) 辨析:else与other

else:修饰不定代词、疑问代词或疑问副词,放在修饰词之后。 other:修饰名词,位于名词之前。 例如:Do you have anything else to say? What other colors do you like?

7、Don’t drop litter everywhere. (P65) litter 不可数名词,意为“垃圾,杂物”。 例如:The street is full of litter. Part Three Reading 重点全解

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1、Today we’ve invited Jenny to talk about manners in the UK . (P 65) invite 为及物动名词,意为“邀请”,invite sb to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。 例如:He sometimes invites me to see the film. invite sb to +名词,意为“邀请某人去.....”. 例如:We’ll invite Tom to dinner tomorrow.

2、Well, British people say “hello”, or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the first time. (P 66) shake sb’s hand意为“与某人握手”,相当于shake hands with sb。 例如:You should shake Tony’s hand.=You should shake hands with Tony. 3、Do they greet people with a kiss? (P 66) (1) greet 及物动词,意为“问候,打招呼”,相当于say hello to sb.。 例如:He greeted his teacher by saying ―Good Morning‖. greet sb with a nod意为“以点头招呼某人”。 greeting 可数名词,意为“问候,致意,祝贺”。 (2) kiss 此处为可数名词,意为“亲吻”。give sb a kiss 意为“吻某人一下;给某人一个亲吻”。Kiss 还可作为及物动词,意为“吻,亲吻”。 例如:The mother gave her son a kiss and left. He kissed his wife.

4、British people only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss . (P 66) close 此处为形容词,意为“亲密的;严密的”,表示关系或情感上的“亲近”,可作定语或表语。close to “与.....关系密切”。 例如:I’m close to my English teacher. close to 还有“离.....近”之意。

例如:The factory is close to the school. close还可作及物动词,意为“关闭”。 例如:Please close the window.

5、But please avoid subjects like age,weight or money . (P 66) (1) avoid 及物动词,意为“避免”,后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式作定语。 例如:You’d better avoid the traffic at rush hour. It’s not easy to avoid making mistakes.

(2) subject 此处作为可数名词,意为“话题,主题”。作可数名词,还有“学科”之意。

例如:Most of us don’t like this subject.

How many subjects are you studying this term. 6、Do people there behave politely in public? (P 66) (1) behave 不及物动词,意为“表现”。

例如:Children behaved very badly after lunch. (2) public 集合名词,意为“民众,大众”。in public意为“公开地,当众”。还可作形容词,意为“公共的,公开的” 例如:I don’t like to make a speech in public.

a public library 公共图书馆 a public place 公共场所 7、They think it’s rude to push in before others. (P 66) push 为不及物动词,意为“推,挤”。push in意为“插队,加塞”,是英式英语的用法,美式英语常用cut in。

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例如:You shouldn’t push in before us.=you shouldn’t cut in before us.

8、Also, if they bump into someone in the street, they’ll say “sorry”. (P 67) bump 此处为不及物动词,意为“碰,撞”,常与介词against,into连用bump into 意为“撞上,偶然碰见”。bump还可作可数名词,意为“碰,撞击;(因碰撞而引起的)肿块”。

例如:The car bumped into a tree. He bumped against the door.

Just now I bumped into our English teacher. We heard a bump in the next room.

9、If you’re in their way, they won’t touch you or push past you. (P 67) (1) in one’s way意为“挡住某人的路”。 例如:A group of sheep are in our way. on one’s way (to) 意为“在去.....的路上”。 in the way意为“妨碍,挡道”。

例如:I met Tom on my way to school.

Your hobby got in the way of your studies. (2) touch 此处为及物动词,意为“触碰,碰”。 例如:Don’t touch the things in the museum. He touched a hot pot and burnt himself.

10、They’ll say “excuse me” and be polite enough to wait till you move. (P 67) (1) excuse 此处为及物动词,意为“原谅,宽恕”。Excuse me 意为“劳驾”。 例如:Excuse me, can you help me with my homework? (2) till 此处用做连词,意为“到......时,直到....为止”。用于肯定句,主句中用延续性动词,指动作或状态持续到till表示的时间为止,意为“直到.....为止”。用于否定句时,主句中的动词一般是非延续性的,它表示的动作直到till所表示的时间才发生,意为“直到.....(才)”。 例如:She waited here till you came back. Don’t go away till I come back. till 还可作介词,意为“直到.....为止”,用于肯定句,与延续性动词连用;用于否定句中,与非延续性动词连用,意为“直到......(才)”。 例如:I had been in Beijing till last week. Tom went to sleep till midnight.

11、British people are very polite at home as well, aren’t they? (P 67) as well 意为“也。还有”。

例如:Tom likes music. I like it as well.

12、They say “please” and “thank you” all the time. (P 67) all the time 意为“一直,总是”。

例如:I am worrying about you all the time.

13、British people don’t like to shout or laugh loudly. (P 67) loudly 副词,意为“大声地”。 辨析: loudly与loud loudly: 副词,“大声地,喧闹地”,给人以吵闹、不悦耳的感觉,与quietly相对,用法较正式,含有一点贬义。 loud: 副词,“声音大”,常与laugh,read,speak,talk,等动词搭配使用,还可

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