18,-Do you know when the PLA was founded?- __________.
A, On October 1,1949 B, On August 1 ,1927 C, On July 1,1921 D, In May, 1922
19,-What’s the population of the world? -It’s more than __________.
A, five billion B, six billion C, seven billion D, eight billion
购物时的日常用语
1 我能帮你吗？
What can I for you ?Can (may) I help you? Is there anything I can do for you? May I do something for you?
2 Which shirt…..do you like? What size (color, kind….)do you want ?What about these (those)?What else do would you like?
3 Can you show me…?I would like (want)some …Have you got any ….?I’m looking for …?May I have a look at it /them? It’s too big /small .How much is it?(are they)Can it/(they) be cheaper?That’s much too dear.How much do you want ?I’ll take it/them
Unit 9—Unit 10
重点短语
1. go to a movie去看电影 2. learn about 了解 3. on weekends 在周末 4. speak English 说英语 5. play the guitar 弹吉他 6. play chess 下象棋 7. be good with 与……相处很好
8. help sb. with sth./doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
9. play the drums 打鼓 10. play the piano 弹钢琴 11. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 12. do Chinese Kungfu 表演中国功夫
重点句型
1．-Let’s go to the movies. –Sure. That sounds interesting. 2. –What kind of movies do you like? –I like action movies. 3. –Do you want to go to a movie?
–Yes, I do. I want to see an action movie. 4. -Does he/she want to go to a movie? -Yes, he/she does. No, he/she doesn’t. 5. I like thrillers and I also like action movies.
I like comedies but I don’t like documentaries. 6. What kind of shows are scary? 7. Who is your favorite actor? 8. Let’s join the basketball club. 9. What about you?
10. -Which club do you want to join? -I want to join the art club.
11. -Can you play the guitar? -Oh, yes. And I can play it well.
12. Can you help the kids with swimming? 13.- What can you do? -I can dance.
重点词语
1. want的用法: 及物动词,后面可接名词,代词, 动词不定式,还可以用want sb. to do sth..
I want to go to a movie. I want him to come to my birthday party.
2. say, talk, speak tell的区别:
Say是及物动词, 强调说话内容, 后要跟宾语,但宾语只能是 “话”而不能是人.
What did he say about it? He says, “Let me help you.”
Talk强调谈话的动作,不强调谈话的内容,可以和speak替换。后接to 或with sb 表示“与某人谈话”。 接about 或of 表示谈话的内容。
What are you talking about？ He’s talking to us about you.
Tell 后面接双宾语或复合宾语, 表示“告诉，讲述”。 Miss Gao often tells us English stories in class.
Speak强调说话的能力,方式和对象,不强调说话的内容。作及物动词用时后只接语言；作不及物动词用时后常接to sb或with sb表示“与……说话”，接about 或of，表示“谈到……”，speak也常作为打电话用语。
She speaks English very well. He is speaking at the meeting.
I’d like to speak to you about my son.
冠词的用法
一、不定冠词的用法
1.表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个，经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时，用不定冠词起介绍作用，表示一个。 I am reading an interesting story.
There is a tree in front of my house.
2.代表人或事物的某一种类，强调整体，即以其中的一个代表一类。用来列举此类人或事物中的任何一个都具有某种能力或某种特征。
A horse is useful to mankind. A bird can fly.
3.代表所属的类别，这种用法表示人或事物的身份、性质等。 My father is a doctor.
My wish is to become a teacher when I grow up.
4.用在事物的“单位”前，如时间、速度、价格等有意义的名词之前，表示“每一”。
We often go to school twice a day.
Take this medicine three times a day and very soon you’ll feel better.
5.用力指某人某物，但不具体指任何人或任何物，只说明大体情况。
A boy came to see you a moment ago. I got this tool in a shop.
We need a car now. She is ill, she has to see a doctor.
6.用于某些固定词组。
a few 几个 a little 有点 a lot of 很多
have a good time 玩得高兴 have a rest 休息一下
She has a few friends in this city. There is a little milk in the bottle.
7.不定冠词的习惯用法。
英语中的很多习惯用法中都含有不定冠词，一般没有明确的规律可遵循，只能通过更多的积累和反复的实践才能牢固掌握。常见不定冠词的习惯短语归纳如下：
a moment ago 一会儿前 twice a week 每周两次 for a time 一段时间 in a while 一会儿后
in a moment 一会儿后 just a moment/minute 一会儿 after a time/while 一段时间之后 二、定冠词的用法
1.特指某（些）人或某（些）事物，以区别于同类中其他的人或事物。
The bag in the desk is mine. Is this the book you are looking for?
2. 指上文中已提到过的人或事物或谈话双方都知道的人或事物。 I bought a book from Xinhua book-shop.The book costs 15 yuan.
Would you mind turning up the radio a little? I can’t hear it clearly.
3.表示世界上独一无二的食物（主要指各种天体及世界上比较有影响的物体）或用于自然界现象。
the sun太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 the sky 天空 the world 世界 the winter night 冬夜
I like to have a walk with the bright moon light in the evening.
4.定冠词与单数名词连用，表示这一类人或物。 The dog is not dangerous. 用法比较
A cat has sharp eyes at night. Cats are loved by many people.
The cat can catch the mouse. The cats here don’t like fish.
前三句中的a cat, cats, the cat 都可表示泛指意义的“猫”，但之间略有区别。a cat 突出强调这类事物中的任何一个；cats突出强调猫这一群体；the cat是与其他事物相对照而言的。第四句中的the cats 是特指。
5.定冠词与某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，表示某一类人。 the poor 穷人 the rich 富人 the wounded 受伤者 the sick 病人 the deaf 聋子
The new is to take the place of the old. 6.用在序数词、形容词最高级所修饰的名词前。
This is the biggest city in China I have ever visited. He is the first to come and the last to leave.
7.用于表示具体的地点、方位、具体的时间或某天的一个部分等。 We have friends all over the world.
My parents live in the peaceful countryside.
8.用在演奏乐器的名称和文艺活动、运动场所的名称前。 The little girl likes to play the violin. They are going to the cinema tonight. 9.用在报刊、杂志的名称的名词前。 I am reading the China Daily now. Have you got the Evening Paper yet?
10.用在江河、海洋、山脉、群岛的名称之前。 We live near the Yellow River.
The Changjiang River is the biggest one in China. 11.用在姓名复数名词之前，表示一家人。
The Greens are very kind to us. The Whites like the classic music.
12.用于某些固定短语中。
by the way 顺便 join the army 参军listen to the radio 听收音机 tell the truth 说实话 go to the cinema 去看电影
all the same 完全一样 just the same 完全一样 with the help of 在…的帮助下
on/over/through the radio 从收音机上 三、不用冠词的用法
1.专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词之前一般不用冠词。
I think water is a kind of food , too. Money is not everything.
2.表示日常餐食名词之前不用冠词。
It’s time for breakfast. What do you have for lunch?
用法点津：
① 如果指具体的饮食词前用定冠词the。
The dinner I had at that restaurant was expensive. ② 当三餐前有形容词修饰时常加不定冠词。
We had a rich lunch yesterday.
3.在季节、月份、星期、节日、球类运动、棋类游戏的名词之前不用冠词。
Summer is hot and winter is cold here. New Year’s Day is coming.
Today is the first day of May.
Do you like to play football or baseball? 4.在集体的学科、各种语言前不用冠词。
Can you speak English? It’s difficult to learn Physics well.
5.在家庭、单位、某一组织中处于独一无二的地位或职位时，一般不用冠词。
Mr. Smith, head of the group, will plan for the whole trip. I usually help my Dad on the farm on Sundays.
6.名词前如果出现this, that, this, my, Jane’s, some, any等限定词时，其前不能再加冠词。
This is my address. His camera is like mine. 7.某些固定词组不用冠词。
by air 乘飞机 on foot 步行 at night 晚上 after school 放学后 at home 在家 go to class 上课 in fact 事实上 from morning till night 从早到晚 练习：
1. Tom Hanks is American actor. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 2. –Do you enjoy your stay in Hangzhou? --Yes. I’ve had wonderful time. A. / B. a C. the D. an 3. --Ellen, you look so happy. --Well, I’ve got A in my history test. A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. Millie has e-dog and its name is Hobo. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
5. ---What’s this in English? ---It’s ruler. A. a B. the C. 不填
6. We’re going to have exam tomorrow. A. a B. an C. the D. /
7. There is apple tree in my garden. It’s over ten years old.
A. the B. a C. an D. 不填 8. ---What can I do for you?
---I want orange blouse for my daughter. A. an B. the C., a D. /
9. exciting news! We will have long holiday after the exam.
A. What a, an B. What, a C. How an, the D. How, the 10. ---Do you know lady in blue？ A. the B. a C. an D. 不填
11. ---Excuse me, sir, which cup is yours? --- small one.
A. / B. A C. An D. The
12. history of this special Pacific island brought unusual feeling to me.
A. The, a B. A, an C. The, an D. A, a
13. This is song I’ve told you about. Isn’t it beautiful one?
A. the, a B. the, the C. a, a D. a , the
14. Look at skirt, I bought it for Mum on Mother’s Day. Isn’t it nice?
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 15. ---Mum, where is my MP3?
---It’s in black box near the computer. A. a B. an C. the D. / 16. ---Who is man with glasses?
---Oh, he’s our new English teacher, Mr. Li. A. a B. an C. the D. /
17. My brother studies in university. university is very far from here.
A. an, The B. a, The C. the, A D. a, A
18. Could you tell me answer to this problem? I can’t work out it myself.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 1、What time do you get up? —I get up at six o'clock. 19. People like to see films on TV instead of going to 2 、 What time does he/she go to school? —He/She goes to Hubei is on the north of Hunan. 湖北在湖南的北面。
指地点时，in表示“国家”、“城市”等大地方，如：in shanghai, cinema. A. the, the B. 不填, the C. the, 不填 20. In the United States, Father’s Day falls on third Sunday in June. A. the, 不填 B. the , a C. 不填，the D. a, 不填 21. ---What can I do for you, madam? ---I want orange skirt for my daughter.
A. a B. the C. an D.不填 22. ---Did you do well in English exam? ---Yes, I got “A”. A. the, an B. an, the C. a, / D. the, a 23. ---What are you going to be when you grow up? ---I hope to be animal doctor when I grow up. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 24. ---What’s the matter with you?
---I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed. A. a, / B. a, the C. a, a D. the, the 25. ---Did you see the football match last night? ---Yes, I’ve never seen exciting match before. A. such a B. so a C. such an D. so an 26. ---How do you get home from ? By bus? ---No, I walk. isn’t very far. A. school, The school B. the school, The school C. the school, School D. school, School 27. My uncle isn’t old man, and he likes playing football. A. a, a B. an, an C. the, the D. an, / 28. ---How far is it from our school to seaside? ---It is eight-kilometre walk from here. A. the, an B. /, an C. the, a D. /, a 29. ---Have you seen pen? I left it here this morning. ---Is it black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a, the B. the, the C. the, a D. a, a 30. There’s dictionary on desk near the window. A. a, the B. the, the C. the, a D. the, the Units11-12复习要点
一、常用句型
school at … 3、What’s your favorite subject? —My favorite subject is English. 4、What’s his/her favorite subject? —His/Her favorite subject is … 5、Why do you/does he/she like …? Because it’s interesting/fun/relaxing… 二、时间的表达法
1、直接表达法 e.g：5:30 读作：five thirty 2、分钟≦30 e.g：5:30 读作：half past five 5:25 读作：twenty-five past five 5:15 读作：a quarter past five 3、60＞分钟＞30 e.g: 5:40 读作：twenty to six e.g: 5:45 读作：a quarter to six 三、介 词的用法
一种虚词。不能单独作句子成分，它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语，才能在句子中起作用。有：in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of, from…to…, at the back of… 中考介词主要考查要点如下： 1、介词与其后的名词或代词构成介词短语，在句中作状语、宾语、表语、宾补语后置定语。 2、介词与其前面的动词或形容词构成动词词组，后面要有宾语。这时的词组相当于一个及物动词。e.g: play with, be afraid of…。 3、表示时间的介词有：at, on, in。（1）at表示“在某一个具体
的时间点上”，或用在固定词组中。如：at ten o’clock, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the weekend…（2）on表示“在某日或某日的时间段”。如：on Friday, on the first of October, on Monday morning…（3）in表示“在某一段时间（月份、季节）里”。如：in the afternoon, in September, in summer, in 2005… 4、in一词还有其他的固定搭配，如：in blue（穿着蓝色的衣服），in English（用英语表达），take part in（参加）。 5、in,to,on表示方位：in表示在某一地区之内的方位（属于该范围）。On表示与某一地区的毗邻关系。to表示在某一地区之外的某一方位（不属于该范围）他们所表示的位置关系恰似数学中圆
的“包含（in）、相离（to）、相切（on）”关系。如：
Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 台湾位于中国东南部。 England lies to the west of France. 英格兰在法国的东面。
in China等。at表示某一点或用于小地点前。
注意：in表示“在……里面、内部、某一范围内”，on表示“在……上”，请比较：
on the tree表示树上长的东西“在树上”。 in the tree表示鸟或其他东西“在树上”。 on the wall表示东西张贴或挂“在墙上”。 in the wall表示门、窗等嵌“在墙上”。 6、某些意思比较相近的介词用法辨析。 ① across, through的用法区别
两者都表示“穿过，越过”，across含有“从……穿过”之意，或沿某一条线的方向而进行的动作；through含有“从……中间穿过”之意，当表示游、渡、乘船过海或过河时，用across。如： The river runs through the city. 这条河从这个城市中间流过。
Go across the bridge, and you’ll find the park. 越过这座桥，你就会找到公园。 ② over, above, on的用法区别
above 和over都表示“在……上方”， above指在上方的任意一点，表示在某物上的高低位置，不接触，其反义词是below；over一般指垂直方向， 其反义词是under；on表示“在……上面”，且互相接触。如：
There is a pen on the desk .桌子上有一支钢笔。 There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。
The moon is now above the trees in the east. 月亮这是已在东边树林的上空。 ③ in, after用法区别
in和after表示时间时，都是“在……以后”的意思，in表示从现在算起到若干时间以后，用于一般将来时和过去将来时。after表示从过去算起到若干时间以后，用于一般过去时。in只可接时间段，after除接时间段以外，还可接时间点。如：
I’ll come back in a day or two.我一两天后就回来。
He left on Monday and returned after three days.他星期一离开的，三天后回来的。
I’ll ring you up after two o’clock.我将在两点钟后给你打电话。 ④ in，by, with的用法区别
in 通常表示“用……语言、声音等”，也可表示“用……工具、材料等”；by后一般跟动名词或抽象化的可数名次（其前不用冠词），意为“用……手段或方式”；with表示“借助于某一具体的工具、材料或人体器官”。试比较：
They’re talking in English.他们在用英语交谈。
Do you usually go to school by bike?你通常骑自行车上学吗？ The old man had to make money by selling vegetables.那老人不得不靠卖菜挣钱。
People here build houses with stones.这里的人们用石头砌房子。
⑤ but, except, besides的用法区别
But表示“除……之外”，常与表否定意义的词连用。当but前有动词do的某种形式时，but后接动词原形。如：
No body knew it but me.除了我之外，没有人知道此事。
Last night I did nothing but repair my farm tools.昨晚我除了修理农具外，没有做其他的事。
except表示“除……之外（不再有）”，指从整体中排除except所带的人或物，它前面常有all, every, any, no等及其复合词。如：
The students go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.
除了星期六和星期天以外，学生们每天都上学。 We all went to visit the zoo except Li Lei. 除了李雷外，我们都去了动物园。
但在否定句中，except却不表排斥性。如：
She knows nothing except English. 它除了英语以外，什么也不懂。
Nobody came to see me except Jim. 除了吉姆，没有人来看我。
Besides表示“除了……之外(还有）”，它的意思是在原来的基础上加上besides所包括的人或物，其前常有other, another, any other, a few等词。如：
Do you know any other language besides German? 除了德语外，你还懂别的语言吗？
Li Lei also went to the park besides you. 除了你之外，李雷也去了公园。 练一练：
1、选用括号内恰当的介词填空。
1) What’s this _____( at, on, in ) English?
2) Christmas is _____ ( at, on, in ) the 25th of December. 3) The man ______ ( with, on, in ) black is Su Hai’s father. 4) He doesn’t do well _____ ( at, on, in ) PE. 5) Look at those birds ______ ( on, in ) the tree.
6) We are going to meet _______ ( at, on, in ) the bus stop ______( at, on, in ) half past ten.
7) Is there a cat ______ ( under, behind, in ) the door? 8) Helen’s writing paper is ______ ( in, in front of ) her
computer. 9) We live _______ ( at, on, in ) a new house now. 10) Does it often rain ________ ( at, on, in ) spring there? 2、选择正确的答案 1） My father goes to work ______ his car. A. by B. in C. on 2） I often go shopping with my mother _____ Sunday mornings. A. in B. at C. for D. on 3） The foreigners arrived________Shanghai late________night A. at, at B. in, at C. in, in D. at, in 4） A group______ boys and girls are dancing in the park. A. with B. of C. for D. to 5） Tom always comes late_______school. A. at B. inside C. to D. for 6） The shop____ clothes is _____the right side _____ the street. A. of, at, beside B. for, on, at C. for, on, of D. of, in, of 7）My father returned at 10 o’clock _______of June 15. A .in the night B .by the night C .on the night D .at
night
8） China built a Great Wall ____the northern part ______the
country.
A. to, in B. across, of C. across, on D. at, of
9） The woman _______a red dress is my aunt.
A .in B .at C .of D .on
10） I remember Susan left ______a very cold morning of January.
A .in B .on C .at D .from
11） No one can stop her ______leaving for Shanghai.
A .of B .from C .to D .for
12） ______ the money, she bought a new coat ______ her
father.
A. With, for B. With, to C. For, with D. To, with
13）Taiwan is the southeast of China. A. at B. on C. to D. in
14) All the clerks went home Mr. Wang, for he had to finish his work.
A. except B. besides C. without D. on 15) I hear the 2006 World Cup is held in Germany June
9th July 9th.
A. on; and B. from; to C. between; on D. during; to 3、圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词，并将正确的答案写在横线上。 1) Jim is good in English and
Maths. __________ 2) The films were in the ground just now. __________
3) They are talking to their plans. __________ 4) How many students have their birthdays on
May? _________ 5） Women’s Day is at the eighth of
March. __________ 6) I can jog to school on the morning. __________ 7) Did you water trees at the farm? _________ 8) Can you come and help me on my English? _________
9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning. __________ 10) What did you do on the Spring Festival? __________
、
七下Units1-2复习要点
重点句型：
1.Where is your pen-pal from? He’s from Australia.
2.Where does she live? She lives in Sydney.
3.What language does she speak? She speaks
English.
4.Is there a bank near here?
Yes, thre is. It’s on the Center Street.
5.Where’s the supermarket? It’s next to the library.
6.Is there a pay phone in the neighborhood? Yes, it’s on Bridge Street on the right.
语法：一般现在时
1.一般现在时用法
c.一般疑问句，要在句子开头加助动词Do/Does，句尾用问号， 简略答语用Yes,主语+do / does．或No,主语+do / does＋not．
如：—Do you like oranges？
—Yes，I do． （—No，I don't．）
★附录:实义动词作谓语时,如果主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词单三式的变化规则如下:
三.按照要求改写句子。
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) ________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
________________________________________
3.She likes milk. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答) (1) 表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。 比如: always, often, usually, every day / week / month / year, sometimes, on Sunday等
I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning. (2)表示现在的状态。 I am a student.
(3)表示主语所具备的性格和能力。I like red. I can spenk English.
(4)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. (5) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
★注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..哥伦布证实地球是圆的.
2.一般现在时谓语动词的构成主要有两种情况：
（1）be动词作谓语：句子的谓语动词只有be（am，is或are）： a．肯定句中，只出现be， 如：I am a student．我是一名学生。 b．否定句中，要在be后面加not，如：She isn't a teacher． c．一般疑问句，要将be放在句子开头（注意首字母大写,句尾用问号），答语用Yes，主语+be．或No，主语+be+not．如： —Are you ready？—你准备好了吗？ —Yes，I am． （—No，I'm not．）
(2)实义动词作谓语:句中的谓语动词为实义动词（也叫行为动词） a.肯定句中，只出现实义动词，如：I get up at 6:00 in the morning．
★注意:如果主语是单数的第三人称,谓语动词必须用单数第三人称形式(简称:单三式, 动词变单三式的规则如下附录)) b.否定句中，要在实义动词前面加do / does＋not＋行为动词原
形，(doesn't,仅对主语是第三人称单数) 如：I don't like vegetables．我不喜欢蔬菜。
My father doesn’t like Beijing Opera. 我父亲不喜欢京剧。
1.一般情况加s，例如：looks, listens, visits
2. 以ch, sh, s, x或o结尾的词，加-es，例如：teaches,
washes, guesses, goes, does
3. 辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加-es，例如：carry-carries (特殊:have 的单三式为has)
一般现在时用法专练:
一.单项选择.
1.Every year many foreigners ______ to China to learn Chinese.
A.have come B.comes C.came D.come 2.----Is your father a doctor?
-----Yes,he is. He ______ in Taiwan Hospital.
A.has worked B.had worked C.works D.worked 3.-----I won’t go to bed until the TV play ______ over.
------You’d better not do that. A.was B.is C.wil D.will be
二.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We ____________ (not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick ___________(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 10. Mike _______(like) cooking.
11. They _______(have) the same hobby.
12. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 13. You always _______(do) your homework well. 14. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
15. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 16. Liu Tao _______(not like) PE.
17. The child often __________(watch) TV in the evening.
___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
__________________________________________
5.We go to school every morning. (改为否定句) _____________________________________
6.He speaks English very well. (改为否定句) _____________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park. . (对划线部分提问) ________________________________________
8.Johncomes from Canada. (对划线部分提问) ______________________________________
9. She is always a good student. (改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) __________________________________________________ 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating. (改为否定句) _______________________________________________ 四.改错(在错误的地方划线，将正确的写在后面横线上. 1. Is your brother speak English? __________________ 2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________ 3. He likes play games after class. __________________ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _______________
Unit 3—4
重点句型：
Let’s see the lions.
Why do you like pandas? Why does he like koalas? Because they’re very cute.
What do you do? I’m a reporter. What does he do? He is a student.
What do you want to be? What does he want to be? He wants to be a bank clerk.
短语：kind of, be from, play with, be quiet, during the day, at night,eat leaves, in the day
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