1) regard something as unlikely to be true or important忽略；低估
Scientists discounted his method of predicting earthquake. 科学家们对他的地震预测方法不予理会。
Thompson discounted the possibility that Dole would give him the nod. 汤普森不相信有机会得到多尔的首肯。
2) reduce the price of something降低价格；打折
Games were discounted to as little as $5. 打折后的游戏价格只有5美元。 All sale items have been heavily discounted. 所有出售的商品都大幅降价。 n.
[C] a reduction in the usual price of something折扣
I bought the pair of shoes at a 40% discount. 我买这双鞋打了6折。
Will you give me a discount for quantity? 如果买的多，可以给我打折吗？ ★other than: apart from; expect
He didn’t mention anyone else’s contributions other than his own. 他只提到了自己的贡献，而没有提其他任何人的。
We missed the last bus so there was no choice other than to walk home. 我们错过了最后一班公交，所以除了走回家别无选择。
Para 4. Famous authors’ styles – a Tennessee Williams play or a plot by Ernest Hemingway or a poem by Robert Frost or T.S. Eliot – are easily recognizable. The same is true of painters like Monet, Renoir, or Dali and moviemakers like Hitchcock, Fellini, Spielberg, Chen Kaige or Zhang Yimou. Their distinct styles marked a significant change in form from others and gained them fame and fortune. However, they paid for it by giving up the freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms.
Famous authors’ styles – a Tennessee Williams田纳西·威廉斯（1911-1983，美国剧作家）play or a plot情节by Ernest Hemingway欧内斯特·海明威（1899-1961，美国作家，获1954诺贝尔文学奖）or a poem by Robert Frost罗伯特·弗罗斯特（1874-1963，美国诗人）or T.S. Eliot T.S.艾略特（1888-1965，美国诗人、剧作家，获1948年诺贝尔文学奖） – are easily recognizable. The same is true of painters like Monet莫奈（1840-1926，法国画家，印象派创始人和主要代表人物）, Renoir雷诺阿（1841-1919，法国印象派画家）, or Dali达利（1904-1989，西班牙超现实主义画家） and moviemakers like Hitchcock希区柯克（1899-1980，英国电影导演，以悬念电影著称）, Fellini费里尼（1920-1993，意大利电影导演）, Spielberg斯皮尔伯格（1946-，美国电影导演）, Chen Kaige or Zhang Yimou.
知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来，如田纳西·威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特·海明威的情节安排、罗伯特·弗罗斯特或T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家，希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。
13. Their distinct styles 他们鲜明独特的艺术风格marked 标志a significant 重大的change in form from others and gained them fame and fortune财富、大笔
钱. However, they paid for 为…付出代价it by giving up the freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms. (Para. 4)
他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革，这让他们名利双收，但也让他们付出了代价，那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。
Meaning: Their clearly different styles brought them fame and fortune. However, they got it at the cost of giving up their freedom to use other styles to express themselves. ★distinct: a.
1) clearly different or belonging to a different type Each party represents a distinct current 趋势、倾向、（一股）潮流of thought. 每个政党都代表了不同的思想。
The Spanish temperament is distinct from that of the Portuguese. 西班牙的气质明显有别于葡萄牙人。
2) able to be clearly seen, heard, smelled, etc.
These are modern buildings with distinct national style. 这些是最具有民族风格的建筑。
At the moment there’s a distinct lack of enthusiasm in her musical performances.眼下她的音乐表演明显缺乏热情。
★pay for: suffer as a result of doing something为…付出代价
If you refuse to cooperate with us, you will pay for it. 如果你拒绝与我们合作，你会为此付出代价。 ---9---
We all pay for our mistakes in some way at sometime. 我们大家都会在某个时刻以某种方式为我们的错误付出代价。
Para 5. Fame’s spotlight can be hotter than a tropical jungle – a fraud is quickly exposed, and the pressure of so much attention is too much for most to endure. It takes you out of yourself: You must be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be. The performer, like the politician, must often please his or her audiences by saying things he or she does not mean or fully believe.
14. Fame’s spotlight聚光灯can be hotter than a tropical jungle – a fraud欺诈；诈骗is quickly exposed, and the pressure of so much attention is too much for most to endure. (Para. 5)
名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。骗局很快会被揭穿，过多的关注带来的压力会让多数人难以承受。
Meaning: Fame leads to a lot of publicity. If a famous person commits a fraud, it will be exposed quickly. And the famous people attract so much attention that they can hardly endure the pressure it brings.
15. It takes you out of yourself: You must be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be. (Para. 5)
它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认可的那个你，而不是真实的你或是可能的你。
Meaning: You have to forget your true self. You have no freedom to be what you really are or could be and you must act and behave in the way the public thinks you should.
The performer, like the politician, must often please his or her audiences by saying things he or she does not mean or fully believe. 艺人，就像政客一样，必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众。
Para. 6. One drop of fame will likely contaminate the entire well of a man’s soul, and so an artist who remains true to himself or herself is particularly amazing. You would be hard-pressed to underline many names of those who have not compromised and still succeeded in the fame game. An example, the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde, known for his uncompromising behavior, both social and sexual, to which the public objected, paid heavily for remaining true to himself. The mother of a young man Oscar was intimate with accused him at a banquet in front of his friends and fans of sexually influencing her son. Extremely angered by her remarks, he sued the young man’s mother, asserting that she had damaged his “good” name. He should have hired a better attorney, though. The judge did not second Wilde’s call to have the woman ---3---
pay for damaging his name, and instead fined Wilde. He ended up in jail after refusing to pay, and even worse, was permanently expelled from the wider circle of public favor. When things were at their worst, he found that no one was willing to risk his or her name in his defense. His price for remaining true to himself was to be left alone when he needed his fans the most.
16. One drop of fame will likely contaminate污染；弄脏the entire well of a man’s soul, and so artist who remains true to himself保持真我 is particularly amazing. (Para. 6)
一滴名气之水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井，因此一个艺术家若能保持真我，会格外让人惊叹。
Meaning: One drop of fame could poison a person’s soul, and so an artist who acts according to his or her beliefs and does what he or she thinks is right is particularly amazing.
★contaminate: vt. make something dirty or poisonous污染；弄脏
The food was contaminated during the production process. 这食品在生产的过程中被污染了。
The town’s water supply has been contaminated by chemicals from factory. 该城镇的供水已被那个工厂排出的化学物质污染了。
★remain/be true to: continue to be loyal to someone or something I will always be true to you. 我将永远忠于你。
He always remains true to his principles. 他一生忠于自己的原则。 17. You would be hard-pressed 有困难的to underline在??下划线many names of those who have not compromised and still succeeded in the fame game. (Para. 6)
你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协，却仍然在这个名利场的游戏中获胜。
Meaning: You would have difficulty listing many names of artists who have not given up their principles in order to please their audiences and still succeeded in their careers. ★underline: vt.
1) draw a line under a word to show that it is important在??下划线
Underline the following that apply to you. 将下列内容中适合你的部分划线标明。
All the mistakes had been underline in red. 所有的错误下面都划了红线。 ---10---
2) emphasize or show that something is important强调，使突出
The recent shootings underline the need for more security. 最近几起枪杀事件表明采取更多安全措施是必要的。
He underlined the importance of the question. 他强调了问题的重要性。
18. An example, the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde奥斯卡·王尔德（1854-1900，爱尔兰作家，19世纪末英国唯美主义的主要代表）, known for his uncompromising不妥协的；不让步的behavior, both social and sexual, to which the public objected反对；不赞成, paid heavily for 因此付出了惨痛的代价remaining true to himself. (Para. 6)
一个例子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡·王尔德，他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对，却依然故我，他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。
Meaning: An example was the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde, who was known for his refusal to change his social and sexual behavior. However, he suffered heavily for being himself because the public did not accept his behavior. ★uncompromising: a. 不妥协的；不让步的 unwilling to change one’s opinion or behavior
The group has taken an uncompromising position 立场on environmental issues. 这个团体在环境问题上采取了决不妥协的立场。
★object to: oppose or disapprove of something反对；不赞成
Local residents objected to the proposed development. 当地居民反对那个发展计划。
I always objected to the idea that everything is predetermined and that we have no choice. 我一直反对这种想法：一切都事先定好，我们没有任何选择。
19. The mother of a young man Oscar was intimate with 亲密的、有性关系的accused指控；控告him at a banquet in front of his friends and fans of sexually influencing her son. (Para. 6)
在一次宴会上，他一位密友的母亲当着他的朋友和崇拜者的面，指责他在性方面影响了他的儿子。
Meaning: The mother of a young man with whom Oscar had an extremely close friendship blamed him at a banquet before his friends and fans for having a bad influence on her son sexually.
★ be intimate with: involve or have a sexual relationship with; have a very close
friendship with 亲密的、有性关系的
He suspected that the boss was intimate with his secretary. 他怀疑那老板与他的秘书有染。
She is intimate with the President. 她和总统关系密切。
★accuse somebody of something: say that someone has done something wrong or is guilty of something
They accused him of incompetence. 他们指责他无能。
He is accused of having committed a crime. 他被指控犯了罪。
20. Extremely angered by her remarks, he sued起诉；控告the young man’s mother, asserting 宣称、断言that she had damaged his “good” name. He should have hired a better attorney律师, though. The judge did not second支持；附议Wilde’s call 请求to have the woman pay for damaging his name让这个女人赔偿他名誉损失费的请求, and instead fined Wilde. He ended up 结束、告终in jail after refusing to pay, and even worse, was permanently 永远地expelled开除；驱逐from the wider circle of public favor更多公众的宠爱. (Para. 6) ---11---
他听了她的话以后大为光火，起诉了这个年轻人的母亲，声称她毁了自己的“好”名声。但是，他真该请一个更好的律师。结果是，法官不仅不支持他提出的让这个女人赔偿他名誉损失费的请求，反而对他本人进行了罚款。他由于拒交罚款最终还是被送进了监狱。更糟糕的是，他再也无法获得更多公众的宠爱。 Meaning: Wilde was very angry about her remarks, and he made a legal claim against the young man’s mother, saying firmly that she had ruined his “good” reputation. However, he did not win the case. The judge did not agree to his demand to have the woman pay for damaging his name, and instead, the judge made him pay money as punishment. Wilde was put into jail after he refused to pay the money. And even worse, he lost public support for ever. Cultural notes about the people in the legal process judge: the person in charge of a court, who decides how criminals should be punished jury: a group of 12 ordinary people, who listen to the details of a trail, and then decide whether or not someone is guilty of a crime lawyer/attorney (US): someone whose job is to advise people about laws, write formal agreements, or represent people in court defendant: the person in a trial who is being charged with a crime 被告 the prosecution: the lawyer in a court of law who try to prove that someone is guilty of a crime 检查机构 witness: someone who tells what they know about a crime in a court of law 21. When things were at their worst, he found that no one was willing to risk his or her name 拿自己的名声冒险in his defense辩护. (Para. 6)
相关推荐：
loading