HD集团跨国电力工程项目风险管控研究

HD集团跨国电力工程项目风险管控研究

——以越南市场为例 摘要

自中国正式加入世界贸易组织后，对外贸易和投资进入快速增长时期。电力企业积极响应我国政府“走出去”的号召，积极参与国际电力市场竞争，并在开拓发展中国家市场方面取得了一定的成就。就国际电力总承包工程来说，中国在设计、采购方面存在优势，但由于国际电力跨国电力工程存在着许多不确定因素，尤其在境外施工管理方面各国差异较大，再加上我国相关制度和电力工程企业存在的缺陷和弱点，目前国际电力跨国电力工程风险管理较为薄弱，使得我国电力企业在国际电力电力工程项目实施中面临着巨大的风险和挑战。

基于此，本文本着理论性、实践性、创新性、弥补性、实用性等原则，以国家相关政策和国际通用惯例为指导、以管理学相关理论为基础、以具体真实案例为依托、以规避国际电力跨国电力工程相关风险为根本目的来构建论文内容框架。本文在风险概括的基础上，主要就国际总承包工程风险特点、表现方式及管理策略进行了分析。对照国际总承包案例，充分运用文献法、层次分析法、比较法等研究方法，分析项目中主要风险分布，找到主要风险需要特别关注的风险因子，利用风险规避、风险转移、风险自留、风险自救等方法来对国际电力EPC项目中的政治、社会、经济、自然环境及合同等方面的风险因子进行管理，并结合实际情况提出了一些管窥之见。

本文力求以简洁的语一言和操作性强的分析方法为出发点，达到理论指导实践、理论和实践相结合的目的，为国际工程中具体风险管理提供一种处理的方法，为从事国际电力跨国电力工程的国内企业提供一些借鉴，提升我国电力工程企业的整体实力。

关键字：国际电力项目，总承包工程，风险管理

I

Abstract

November 2001, China formally joined the WTO, foreign trade and investment into the period of rapid growth. Electric power enterprises to actively respond to our government \the electricity market, and have achieved some success in opening up markets in developing countries. General contractor on the project for international power, China has advantages in the design, procurement, but because of international power EPC projects, there are many uncertain factors, especially large differences in countries outside construction management, coupled with China's relevant systems and electricity engineering firms flaws and weaknesses, the current International Power EPC project risk management is weak, making China's power companies face enormous risks and challenges in the implementation of international power projects.

Based on this, the spirit of theoretical, practical, innovative, make up, practical principles, to relevant national policies and international common practices as a guide to management theory, based on specific real case-based, circumvent the risks associated with international power EPC project to construct a framework for the fundamental purpose of the paper content. This article summarizes the risk on the basis of major turnkey projects on international risk characteristics, manifestations and management strategies are analyzed. The total international contracting case control, full use of literature, AHP, comparative law research methods to analyze the distribution of the main risks the project, found the risk of major risk factors of particular concern, the use of risk avoidance, risk transfer, risk retention, risk self-help and other methods to manage risk factors for EPC projects in international power politics, society, economy, natural environment and other aspects of the contract, and made some Glimpse of view of the actual situation.

This paper seeks to simple words and language of a workable method of analysis

II

as a starting point, reaching theory to guide practice, theory and practice of combining the purpose of providing a method of treatment for specific risk management of international projects, engaged in international power EPC Engineering domestic enterprises to provide some reference, enhance our power engineering business's overall strength.

Keywords：International power projects with a total project contracting, risk management.

III

目录

摘要 ................................................................................................................................................... I Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ II 第一章 绪论 ..................................................................................................................................... 1

一、研究的背景与意义 ........................................................................................................... 1 二、项目风险管理的概念和特点 ........................................................................................... 2

（一）项目风险管理的概念 ........................................................................................... 2 （二）项目风险管理类的特点 ....................................................................................... 3 三、国内外项目风险管理的发展 ........................................................................................... 3

（一）国际项目风险管理的发展 ................................................................................... 3 （二）国内项目风险的发展 ........................................................................................... 4 四、国内外研究综述 ............................................................................................................... 5

（一）国外研究现状 ....................................................................................................... 5 （二）国内研究现状 ....................................................................................................... 6 五、本文主要研究框架与内容 ............................................................................................... 7 第二章 文献综述 ............................................................................................................................. 8

一、风险管理概述 ................................................................................................................... 8 二、电力工程项目风险概念 ................................................................................................... 8 三、电力工程项目风险管理概述 ........................................................................................... 9 四、项目风险管理的内容和程序 ........................................................................................... 9

（一）风险识别 ............................................................................................................... 9 （二）风险评估与分析 ................................................................................................. 10 （三）风险对策的制定 ................................................................................................. 13 （四）实施与后评估 ..................................................................................................... 14 五、国际电力工程项目风险管理存在的问题 ..................................................................... 14 第三章 HD集团跨国电力电力工程项目风险及应对策略研究 ................................................ 16

一、HD集团简介 .................................................................................................................. 16

（一）企业简介 ............................................................................................................. 16 （二）发展思想 ............................................................................................................. 17 （三）现状概览 ............................................................................................................. 17 （四）发展战略 ............................................................................................................. 18 二、HD集团跨国电力电力工程项目的SWOT分析 ......................................................... 18

（一）优势分析 ............................................................................................................. 19 （三）劣势分析 ............................................................................................................. 21 （三）机会分析 ............................................................................................................. 22 （四）威胁分析 ............................................................................................................. 23 三、跨国电力工程面临风险及应对策略 ............................................................................. 24

（一）跨国电力工程项目风险影响因素体系 ............................................................. 25 （二）不可控风险 最好写越南的，或是东南亚国家 ............................................... 25 （三）对不可控风险的应对措施 ................................................................................. 27 （四）可控制风险分析 ................................................................................................. 29

第四章 HD集团开拓国际市场的策略研究 ................................................................................ 31

一、前期准备与代理商的选择 ............................................................................................. 31

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