2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修二讲义：Module+2+2.3及答案

2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修二讲义：Module+2+2.3及答案

?①It＋be＋名词词组＋doing...

?②It＋be＋形容词＋to do sth./doing sth./从句

?③It＋be＋过去分词?said， hoped， thought等?＋that...?

?④It＋occurs/appears/happens等不及物动词＋that...

①It was really surprising that she married a man like that. 她嫁给那样一个男人真让人惊讶。

②It is no use/useless telling him that.告诉他那件事情是没有用的。 ③It happened that she was out when we called.我们打电话时她恰巧不在。

2．虚拟条件句

虚拟条件句通常表示一种假想，即与事实相反或不大可能会发生。虚拟条件句中主从句的谓语的形式如下(以动词do为例)：

(1)与现在事实相反，从句的谓语用过去式(be动词通常用were)，主句的谓语用would/could/might/should＋do。

If I were you, I would marry her.如果我是你，我就娶她。 (2)与过去事实相反，从句的谓语用had done，主句的谓语用would/could/might/should＋have done。

If it had not rained hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. 要不是昨天下大雨，我们就可以打网球了。

(3)对将来情况进行推测，从句的谓语用were to do/should do/过去式(be动词通常用were)，主句的谓语用would/could/might/should＋do。

If it were fine tomorrow, I would go shopping.明天要是天气好，我就去购物。

即学即练 ? 1.语法填空

①It is important to_master (master) one or two foreign languages. ②It is no use arguing (argue) with him. ③It is said (say) that he will come here.

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2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修二讲义：Module+2+2.3及答案

④If I were (be) you, I would_study (study) hard. ⑤If the doctor had_come (come) last night, the boy would_have_been_saved (save)． ⑥If you should_miss/were_to_miss/missed (miss) the film tonight, you would_feel (feel) sorry. 2．完成句子 ①据报道，那起事故是由粗心引起的。 It_is_reported_that the accident was caused by carelessness. ②他忽然想起他把钥匙落在办公室里了。 It suddenly occurred_to him that he had left his keys in the office. ③我错过了昨晚举办的晚会真是可惜。 It is a_pity_that I missed the party held last night. ④如果地球上没有空气和水，就不会有生命的东西存在。 Were there no air or water, there would_be no living things on the earth. ⑤如果你没有帮助我，我不可能按时完成工作。 If you hadn't_helped me, I couldn't_have_finished the work on time. 2.Whatever you're doing when you want to smoke－do something else! 无论你在做什么，当你想吸烟时——做点儿别的事！ [句式分析] 本句为复合句，Whatever you're doing... 为whatever引导的让步状语从句，whatever在此意为“无论什么”；在让步状语从句中又有一个when引导的时间状语从句；后面的主句do something else为祈使句。 [用法分析] (1)whatever引导让步状语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，其含义相当于no matter what，意为“无论什么，不管什么”。 (2)whatever引导名词性从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，其含义相当于anything that或all that。 ①Whatever happens, you must be calm. (＝No matter what happens, you must be calm.)无论发生什么事，你都要保持冷静。(让步状语从句) ②You can choose whatever you like in the shop. (＝You can choose anything/all that you like in the shop.)你可以在商店中选择任何你喜欢的东西。(名词性从句) 归纳拓展 14 / 28

2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修二讲义：Module+2+2.3及答案

(1)whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时，可以换成no matter what/which/who/whom。

(2)wherever, whenever, however只能引导让步状语从句，可以换成no matter where/when/how。

①Whenever (＝No matter when) you come, you are welcome. 无论你什么时候来，我们都欢迎。

②I'll give the ticket to whoever (＝anyone who) wants it. 谁想要这张票，我就把它给谁。 即学即练 ? 1.完成句子

①无论是谁知道答案，请举起你的手。

No_matter_who knows the answer, please put up your hand. →Whoever knows the answer, please put up your hand. ②我们的父母会为我们做一切他们能做的。 Our parents will do whatever they can do for us. ③无论他去哪里，他都是注意力的焦点。

No_matter_where he goes, he is the centre of attention. →Wherever he goes, he is the centre of attention.

2．选词填空(whoever, whenever, whatever, however)

①Some people believe whatever has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.

②We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.

③The map is one of the best tools a man has whenever he goes to a new place.

④You should try to get a good night's sleep however much work you have to do.

3.Choose a time when you will be relaxed but also too busy to think about smoking.

选择一个你身心放松但又忙得来不及考虑抽烟的时间。 [句式分析]

(1)本句中when引导定语从句修饰先行词time。从句中有but连接的两个并列成分relaxed和busy。结构如下：

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2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修二讲义：Module+2+2.3及答案

When you will be relaxed but also too busy to...

主语←表语 系动词 表语→并列

(2)too... to意为“太……而不能”。

He was too busy to help us.他太忙，帮不了我们。 归纳拓展 too... to还可表示肯定意义。

(1)too前有not, never等否定词时，整个句子表达肯定意义。 (2)too前有only, all, but时，肯定意义加强，相当于very, very much。

(3)too后接glad, pleased, happy, sad等(表情绪的形容词)时，表示肯定意义。

It's never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。

I'm only too happy to meet my old deskmate.见到我的老同桌真是太高兴了。

温馨提示：

(1)too... to...结构与．.. enough to...结构的转换。

She is too young to do the work.＝She isn't old enough to do the work.

她太小了，干不了那活儿。

(2)too... to...结构与so... that...结构的转换。

She is too young to go to school.＝She is so young that she can't go to school.

她太小了，不能上学。 即学即练 ? 1.语法填空

I hate it when she calls me at work — I'm always too busy to_carry (carry) on a conversation with her.

2．翻译句子

①The box is too heavy for me to carry. 这个箱子太重了，我搬不动。

②I am too ready to help you with your English. 我很乐意帮你学英语。

③You can't be too careful to cross the street. 你过马路时越小心越好。

[词语积累]

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