Unit1 Asia
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译林版初中英语九年级下册全册单元知识点及语法整理 Welcome to the unit 1. 一个亚洲的国家 an Asian country 2. 爬台阶很累人 It’s tiring to climb the steps 3. 休息一下 have/take a break/rest 4. 有很长一段路要走 There’s a long way to go 5. 最好继续前进 had better keep moving 6. 把我叫醒 wake me up 7. 在你回来的路上 on your way back 8. 中国结 Chinese knot 9. 中国戏曲 Chinese opera
10. 中国剪纸 Chinese paper-cutting 11. 一双筷子 a pair of chopsticks 12. 舞龙 dragon dance
13. 一种传统的中国艺术 a traditional Chinese art
14. 谢谢你的建议 Thank you for your advice/ suggestions Reading
1中国的首都 the capital of China
2在这座古老的城市的中心 in the middle of the ancient city 3被改造成一个博物馆 be turned/ changed into a museum 4值得参观（2种） be （well）worth visiting/ a visit 5最大的城市广场 the biggest city square
6一大早聚集在那里看升国旗 gather there early in the morning to watch the raising of the national flag 7横贯中国北方六千多公里 run for over 6,000 kilometres across northern China 8每隔几百米就有烽火台 with watchtowers every few hundred metres 9世界奇迹之一 one of the wonders
10位于漓江的两侧 on both sides of Lijiang River 11不同形状的矗立 stand in different shapes 12一个地下溶洞 an underground cave 13奇形怪状 in unusual shapes 14悬挂下来 hang down 15指向上方 point upwards 16被赞扬为。。。/被誉为。。。 be praised as/ to be… 17乘船沿着。。。旅行 take a boat trip along… 18向公众开放 be open to the public Grammar
1占四分之三的面积take up three quarters of the area 2湖结冰了The lake is frozen 3划船 row a boat 4在。。。的两边 (2种) on both sides of/ on each side of 5彼此不同 be different from each other 6 a 17-hole bridge 一座十七孔洞的桥 7 据说/据报道 It’s said/ reported that… 8公共交通 public transport
9景点（3种）places of interest/ interesting places/ attraction 10提供一个高级别的服务 provide a high level of service 11 It 的用法
1）表示动物以及无生命的事物；
2）表示婴儿、不明性别的人和不明身份的人； 3）表示某动作、行为、情况、想法、句子；
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4）表示时间、日期、天气、距离、自然现象等； 5）作形式主语和形式宾语； 含it 的常见句型
① It is + 形容词 for sb to do sth ② It is + 形容词 of sb to do sth ③ It takes … some time to
④ It is said/ reported + that 从句
⑤ … think(s) /find(s) it easy/difficult/…. to… Integrated Skills and Study Skills 1离开A地去B地 leave A for B 2动身出发去某地 leave for……
3一个文化古城 an ancient city of culture
4去某地旅行（3种） travel to sp/ take a tour of sp/ have a trip to sp 5看主要景点 see the main sights 6艺术品 works of art
7乘长途大巴去某地 take a coach to sp/ go to sp by coach 8品尝各种美食 try all kinds of food
9我们在日本逗留期间 during our stay in Japan 10我们的航班 our flight
11在东南亚 in South East Asia 12一个城市国家 a state country 13五百万人口 five million people
14 多数人既能说英语也能说汉语 Most people can speak both English and Chinese. Task
1. 英语是第二语言 English is their second language 2. 超过十亿 over one billion
3. 有第二大人口数 have the second largest population 4. 大型的钢铁行业 a large iron and steel industry 5. 以它的信息产业而闻名 be famous for its IT industry 6. 信息产业（全称） information technology 7. 很多节日和集会 many festivals and fairs
8. 传统的女性服装 traditional clothes for Indian women 9. 和当地人交流 communicate with local people 10. 主要作物 main crops 11. 在印度电影中 in Indian films
12 … is a great country/wonderful place to visit. 13 It lies in …
14 … is well worth a visit /worth visiting. 15 … is one of the wonders of the world. 【语法专项】 it用法完全归纳
一、it 作人称代词的用法 ◆1. 指事物
作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如： I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 ◆2. 指人
it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如： Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?
There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。 【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说 It’s me。 ◆3. 代替某些代词
代词 it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等。如：
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“What’s this?” “It’s a new machine. ” “这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗? 二、it 作非人称代词的用法 ◆1. 基本用法
it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如： It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 ◆2. 用于某些句型
It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。
It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。
It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”) It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时) It’s + 时间段 + since-从句. 自从……有一段时间了。 It’s + 时间段 + before-从句. 过多长的时间才…… 三、it用作形式主语 ◆1. 基本用法
当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语it。如：
It’s very important to remember this. 记住这一点很重要。 ◆2. 用作形式主语的的重要句型
◇(1) It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事…… It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。
It was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。
【说明】介词 of 与 for 的区别是：of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等，介词for表示对象，意为“对……来说”
◇(2) It takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth. 某人做某事花了……时间
It takes years to master a new language. 要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。
【说明】此句型可以有以下多变种变体：It took me an hour to write the letter. =The letter took me an hour (to write). =I took an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时。 ◇(3) It is up to sb to do sth. 该由某人做某事
It’s up to you to to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。
◇(4) it look (seem, appear, happen, occur) that [as if]? 似乎…… It seemed as though he didn’t recognize me. 他似乎没认出我来。 ◇(5) If it were not for? / If it hadn’t been for? 若不是因为……
If it were not for their help, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. 四、it用作形式宾语 ◆1. 基本用法
当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。如： I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。 ◆2. 用作形式宾语的几个特殊结构 ◇(1) 动词+ it + that-从句。如：
I like it that you came. 你来了，我很高兴。
【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 have, take, put, like 等。 ◇(2) 动词 + it + when (if)-从句。如：
I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨
【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, appreciate, prefer 等。 ◇(3) 动词 + prep + it + that-从句。如：
See to it that you’re not late again. 注意千万不要再迟到。
【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。 ◇(4) 动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句。如：
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I owe it to you that I am still alive. 多亏有你我才仍然活着。
【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有take it for granted, bring it to sb’s attention, owe it to sb 等。
Unit 2 Great people
Comic strip & Welcome to the unit 1. Who do you think is the greatest person in history? 你认为谁是历史上最伟大的人？ 2. the pioneer of China’s space technology programme 中国航天技术工程的先锋 3. a fighter for the rights of black Africans 为非洲黑人的权利而斗争的战士 4. create over 1,000 inventions 创造了1,000多项发明
5. one of the first Europeans to discover America 发现美洲的首批欧洲人之一 6. a composer of classical music 古典音乐作曲家
7. a great writer of English literature 一位英国文学的巨匠 Reading 8. become interested in flying 对飞行感兴趣
9. take one’s first flight = take one’s flight for the first time 进行某人第一次的飞行 10. receive his student pilot’s licence 收到飞行学员证 11. join the navy 加入海军 12. serve as a pilot 服役当飞行员 13. a test pilot 一位试飞员
14. test all types of aircraft 测试各种类型的飞机
15. be chosen to become an astronaut 被选为一名宇航员 16. go into space 进入太空
17. manage to join two spacecraft together for the first time in space 成功将两个航天器在太空首次交会对接
manage to do sth. 设法做某事
18. However, on their way back to the Earth, the spacecraft began spinning out of control. 但是， 在他们返回地球
的途中，宇宙飞船开始旋转，失去控制。
(be) out of control 失去控制，不受操纵 (be) under control 在控制之下
The car went out of control and hit a tree by the road. 车失去控制，撞上了路边的一棵树。
19. Armstrong received the order to cut the flight short. He successfully brought the spacecraft down into the
Western Pacific Ocean. 阿姆斯特朗接到缩短航程的指令。 他成功地使宇宙飞船落入西太平洋。
20. On 20 July 1969, Armstrong became the first man to walk on the Moon. 1969年7月20日，阿姆斯特朗成
为第一个登上月球的人。
21. land the spacecraft on the Moon 使宇宙飞船在月球着陆
22. One small step for (a) man, one giant leap for mankind. 对于一个人来说是一小步，对于人类来说是一次巨
大的飞跃。
23. step out onto the Moon’s surface 跨出去到月球表面
24. They collected Moon rocks to take back to the Earth for further research. 他们采集了月球岩石带回地球作
进一步研究。
for further research 为了进一步的研究
25. Because of his excellent service, Neil Armstrong was presented the Medal of Freedom, the highest award that a
US citizen can receive. 因为他的出色表现，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗被授予自由勋章——一个美国公民可得的最高奖励。
26. the pride of the whole world 全世界的骄傲
be the pride of 是….的骄傲
take pride in = be proud of 以…为自豪 be proud to do sth. 做某事很自豪 Grammar 27. have a day out with my classmates 与我的同学出去一天 28. shop online 网上购物
29. search for information on the Internet 在网上搜索信息
30. practise playing the piano the whole night 整个晚上练习弹钢琴
31. find a website about traveling in space 找到一个有关太空旅行的网站
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32. read passages on the website 在网站上看文章 33. talk to sb. on the phone 和某人在电话里谈
34. Many modern inventions have made a great difference in our life. 很多现代的发明已经使我们的生活产生
了巨大变化。
make a difference (to …) （对…）有影响，起作用
35. change the way we live/our lifestyle 改变我们的生活方式 36. in ancient times 在古代
in the old days 在旧时代
37. use salt to help them keep fish or meat for a longer time 用盐帮助他们使鱼或肉保存更长的时间 38. go bad 变坏/质
39. wash their clothes by hand 手工洗衣服
40. with the invention/development of… 随着…的发明/随着…的发展 Integrated skills 41. win the Nobel Prize twice during her lifetime 在她一生中两次获得诺贝尔奖 42. She was the youngest of five children. 她是五个孩子中最小的。 43. a science professor 一位科学教授 44. died at the age of 67 67岁时去世
died on 4 July 1934, aged 67. 死于1934年七月4日，享年67岁。 45. the discovery of radium 镭元素的发现
46. win the Nobel Prize for Physics/ Chemistry 因为物理学/化学荣获诺贝尔奖 47. die in a traffic accident 在一场交通事故中去世 48. the end of the story 故事的结局
49. It was brave of him to go to a place that was unknown to humans at that time. 她很勇敢，到一个当时人类未知
的地方去。
be unknown to humans 不为人类所知
50. She also pushed for the use of X-ray machines, which are now widely used in hospitals. 她（居里夫人）还推
动了X光设备的使用，这种设备现已在医院广泛应用。 push for the use of 推动…的使用 be widely used 被广泛使用 Task 51. a rice scientist 一位水稻科学家
52. one of the greatest people that have ever lived 在史以来最伟大的人之一
53. work as a teacher in an agriculture school after graduating/he graduated from college 大学毕业后在一所农业
学校当老师
54. see people die of hunger 看到人们死于饥饿 55. begin research into hybrid rice 开始研究杂交水稻 56. happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事
57. have many advantages over others 比其它（水稻）有优势
58. After nearly ten years of hard work, he and his team finally developed a new type of hybrid rice plant, which
produced 20 % more rice per unit than other common kinds. 几乎十年的刻苦工作之后，他和他的团队最终开发出一种新的杂交水稻，它比其它普通种类的水稻每单位增产20%的大米。 59. be introduced into the USA 被引进到美国 60. at present 目前
61. make a contribution to (doing sth.) / make contributions to (doing sth.) 为…作贡献
62. His achievements have increased rice production by 20％-30％, and in some places even more. 他的成就使
水稻产量以20％至30％增长，在一些地方甚至更多。
Because of his achievements, rice production has been increased by 20%-30%, and in some places even more. 由于他的成就，水稻产量已经以20％至30％增长，在一些地方甚至更多。
63. spend all his life on the research and development of better rice plants 把他的一生奉献在更好的水稻植物
的研究和发展上
64. solve the problem of hunger for many people 为许多了解决饥饿问题 65. That is why I admire him so much. 这就是我如此钦佩他的原因。
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