摘 要
汽车主减速器作为汽车重要的部件之一，它的性能的好坏直接影响整车性能，而对于轻型卡车显得尤为重要。当采用大功率发动机输出大的转矩以满足目前轻型卡车的快速、重载的高效率、高效益的需要时，必须要搭配一个高效、可靠的主减速器。所以采用传动效率高的单级减速驱动桥已成为未来重载汽车的发展方向。 本文参照传统主减速器的设计方法进行了轻型卡车主减速器的设计。首先，确定了主减速器的结构形式；其次，根据所给汽车参数合理的分配主减速器主、从动齿轮模数、齿数，计算出主减速器的相关参数，并对主减速器齿轮进行强度校核；然后选择适合该汽车使用的差速器类型，并对行星齿轮和半轴齿轮模数、齿数进行合理的分配并计算校核，最后，利用Pro/E建模ANSYS软件对主减速器的主要零件进行分析校核，设计出符合该汽车使用的主减速器，并绘制出装配图和零件图。
关键词：轻型货车；单级主减速器；弧齿锥齿轮；ANSYS；Pro/E
ABSTRACT
As one of the important parts of the car,automobile final drive has a direct impact on the whole performance，especially for the light track.We must complete with an efficient and reliability final drive when using the high power output torque engine to meet current light trucks of fast, reliable final drive. So with high transmission efficiency of single-stage reduction drive axle have become overloaded vehicles in the future direction of development.
The design of the Light Truck final drive is refer to the traditional final drive. First,make sure the structure of the mian reducer form; Secondly, according to the given automobile parameters reasonable distribution of main reducer Lord, driven gear module, gear, calculate the primary reducer, and the relevant data of main reducer gear check intensity; Then choose appropriate use of the car, and the differential type planetary gear and half shaft pinion gear module, reasonable distribution and calculation, finally, check using ANSYS software, Pro/E of main reducer modeling analysis the main parts, design that meets the check the main reducer, cars and plot the assembly and detail drawings.
Key words: Light Goods Gehicle (LGV); Single-stage Final Grive; The spiral bevel gear；
ANSYS; Pro/E
目 录
摘要 ....................................................................................................................................... Ⅰ Abstract ................................................................................................................................. Ⅱ 第1章 绪论 ........................................................................................................................... 1
1.1研究的目的和意义 ..................................................................................... 1 1.2主减速器国内外研究现状 ........................................................................... 1 1.3设计的主要内容 ......................................................................................... 2 第2章 主减速器结构方案确定 ........................................................................................... 4
2.1轻型货车参数 ............................................................................................ 4 2.2主减速器主、从动锥齿轮的支承方案 .......................................................... 4
2.2.1主动锥齿轮的支承 ............................................................................ 4 2.2.2从动锥齿轮的支承 ............................................................................ 5 2.3主减速器齿轮的类型分析 ........................................................................... 6 2.4主减速器的减速形式 .................................................................................. 8
2.4.1单级主减速器 ................................................................................... 8 2.4.2双级主减速器 ................................................................................... 9 2.4.3贯通式主减速器 .............................................................................. 10 2.4.4单双级减速配轮边减速器 ................................................................ 11 2.5 本章小结………………………………………………………………11 第3章 主减速器齿轮基本参数的选择与计算 ................................................................. 12
3.1主减速器齿轮计算载荷的确定 .................................................................. 12 3.2主减速器齿轮参数的设计 ......................................................................... 13 3.3主减速器锥齿轮的强度校核 ..................................................................... 14 3.4主减速器的轴承的选择 ............................................................................ 18 3.5主减速器相关零部件的设计 ...................................................................... 23
3.5.1差速器的设计 ................................................................................. 23 3.5.2其他零部件尺寸的确定 ................................................................... 30 3.6 本章小结………………………………………………………………31 第4章 主减速器主要零件PRO/E建模 ............................................................................ 32
4.1软件介绍 ................................................................................................. 32
4.1.1 PRO/E的发展历史 .......................................................................... 32 4.1.2 PRO/E的特点和优势 ....................................................................... 32 4.2 PRO/E建模 ............................................................................................. 33
4.2.1 主减速器壳体的建模 ....................................................................... 33 4.2.2主减速器齿轮的建模 ....................................................................... 35 4.3 本章小结 ................................................................................................ 40 第5章 主减速器主要零件的有限元分析 ......................................................................... 41
5.1软件介绍 ................................................................................................. 41 5.2主减速器壳体的有限元分析 ..................................................................... 42 5.3主减速器主动锥齿轮的有限元分析 ........................................................... 45 5.4主减速器从动锥齿轮的有限元分析 ........................................................... 50 5.5 本章小结 ................................................................................................ 51 结论 ....................................................................................................................................... 55 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................... 56 致谢 ....................................................................................................................................... 57 附录A ................................................................................................................................... 58 附录B ................................................................................................................................... 63
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