论大学英语四级考试听力的特点和指导技巧

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论大学英语四级考试听力的特点和指导技巧

作者：平丽芳

来源：《考试周刊》2013年第58期

摘 要： 自2006年大学英语四级开考以来，已经走过了7个年头，参考人数有增无减。考生失分较多的仍然是阅读和听力部分，特别是听力部分，由于题型新颖，题材面较广，复合听写难度较大，给广大考生带来一定的障碍和难度。本文通过分析四级考试听力的特点，给出听力指导技巧，以期广大考生在考试中取得好的成绩。 关键词： 大学英语四级 听力 特点 指导技巧 一、听力考试题型和特点

大学英语四级听力题型共分为四类：一是8个短对话共设8个问题，二是2个长对话共设7个问题，三是3个短文听力共设10个问题，四是复合式听写共设8个单个单词和3个长句子，要求考生能正确拼写。从历届听力考试题型的特点来看，问题设计主要集中在以下两个方面。

第一类考细节辩论，信息明示题较多，一般能直接找到答案，如：What does sb mean？What does sb want to know about sth？What do we know from the conversation？What will sb probably/first/finally do？How did sb get to know about sth？What was sb asked to do in the end？What does the passage tell us about sb/sth？How did sb do sth？What is sb doing？What does sb say about sth？What is one’s occupation？

第二类着重考推理判断、语义、语境、句意、同义转述、综合归纳题，如观点、态度、结局、原因分析、隐含意义，必须在理解大意、把握关键信息的基础上综合判断。如：What does the talk focus on？Why did sb fail to do sth？What does the speaker seem to advocate/suggest？What message is the speaker trying to convey？What happened in the end？What does sb imply？What problem are the speakers discussing？What does the man think of sth？What’s the purpose of sb？How has sth turned out to be？What’s one’s viewpoint on sth？According to the speaker，what contributed to sth？What do we learn about sth？ 二、听力考试指导技巧

从实际考试情况看，教师可以从两个方面进行指导。首先，在8个短对话和2个长对话中，如果遇到下列句子，就可以让考生判断与上文不同的答案，因为这些与上文有转折的词句，明显不是听力一开始出现的信息，例如：I am sorry，but I think you can do...I’d suggest that...However，but，nevertheless，on the contrary.That might help.Perhaps，anyway，by the way，but it looks...but it seems that，but I insist.Why don’t we do...Well，I guess I would do...but I