高一英语同步练习：
必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
第2课时Reading
基础练习
一. 语言知识学习：
1.solid n. 固体 adj. 固体的；实心的,无空隙的；结实的，坚固的 2.be to (do): (something) will definitely happen, or it must happen 不可避免要发生或必须发生
3.in time (for sth/to do sth): not late 及时；不迟She was in time for the class. She will be back in time to prepare dinner. 她来得及回来准备晚饭。 in time: sooner or later; eventually 迟早；最后 You will realize your dream in time. I’ll see him in time. 总有一天我会遇见
in/out of time: in/not in the correct time 合/不合节拍
The audience clapped in time to the music.观众合着音乐的节拍拍手。 4. to begin with 以。。。为开始，开始做。。。 Knowledge begins with practice. to begin with首先，最初，第一
To begin with,I couldn`t understand every word. 5. explode
1). （使某物）炸开，爆炸 2). （指感情）激发
3). （指人口）突然或迅速增加 explosion n. 爆炸（声）
explosive adj.爆炸性的，易爆炸的 n.炸药，爆炸物
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6.as well as 除。。。之外还。。。，既。。。又 I am learning French as well as English. 7.lay eggs 产卵，孵蛋
lie lies lied lied lying 撒谎 lie lies lay lain lying 躺，位于 lay lays laid laid laying 放置，下蛋
8.remain作系动词，意为“保持；仍然是”，后面可以跟名词 形容词 分词等做表语；作不及物动词意为“剩下”，后接被动结构的不定式意为“有待于”。 remaining 剩下的；remains 剩余物，遗迹
9.prevent…from doing sth./ stop…from doing sth. /keep…from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 10.on earth 到底，究竟（多用于疑问句）；在地球上 on the earth在地球上 11.in all directions 向各个方向
12.cool adj.凉快；冷静；冷淡v. 使）变冷；冷静下来 cool down冷却下来 13.be very / much / quite / entirely / totally different from与…不同 There are differences between…and… …与…之间有不同之处 14.tell…from… 把…与…区分开来
15.the same as… 与…一样 be similar to 与…相似 16.allow vt.允许，许可
allow+n./pron./doing
allow sb. to do be allowed to do 17.be harmful to 对…有害
do harm to sb. = do sb. harm 伤害某人，对某人有害处 18.multiply (数目上)增加,增多；乘；（使）繁殖
19encourage 鼓舞；促进；怂恿。后接名词、代词，也可接不定式作宾语补足语。
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21.development
(1)[U]成长,发育；发展(过程)；扩展
(2)[C]开发区, 新社区 a new housing development 新建住宅区 （3) [C]进化,进展；新情况,新闻
What are the latest developments?The use of computers in teaching is a recent development. 教学上使用计算机是新近才有的事.
22.late adj. 迟到的，晚的；前任的；以前的；已故的 later adv. 后来，较晚时候,过后
adj. late的比较级(更迟的,更后的 latest adj. 最新的 lately adv. =recently 近来
23.grow into生长成为,渐渐成为或变得…（不用于被动语态） 24.It’s generally believed that…一般认为…
generally speaking 一般而言，概括来说 25.阻止某人做某事 :
prevent sb. (from) doing sth. stop sb. (from) doing sth. keep sb. from doing sth. 26.depend on 信任，依靠
depend on it 没问题，请放心（句末或句首） That /It (all) depends. 那得看情况而定
count on sb.指望，依靠 depend on sb. trust (in) sb. believe in sb. 信任某人 27.give birth to 生育，产生
28.in one`s turn轮到某人；by turns轮流, 交替；take turns轮流, 依次 29.feed 喂养，饲养 feed on以...为食 feed...with...用...喂养...
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30.for the first time第一次；the first time后加从句，意为“第一次...” 31.as a result结果；as a result of...意为“...的结果” 32.cheer up 感到高兴，使振奋 33.now that既然 34.break out爆发
35.die out 灭绝；die down渐弱，消退；die off相继死去；die away(风, 声音)渐息, 渐弱, (树木等)渐渐凋零, 枯萎(根未死), 假死
二.把下列事件按时间顺序排列：
1. Insects and amphibians appeared. 2. Dinosaurs appeared.
3. The earth became a solid ball. 4. Small plants grew on the water. 5. Reptiles appeared. 6. Plants began to grow on dry land. 7. The earth was a cloud of dust. 8. Water appeared on the earth.
9. Shellfish and other fish appeared. 10. The universe began with a “Big Bang”. 11. Clever animals with hands and feet appeared. 12. Mammals appeared. 排列顺序：
三．预习课文并根据课文内容填空：
Many millions of years later, the arrival of _______________________________encouraged the ____________of early ________________________. Next,__________________ began to appear
_________.
Later
____________
appeared.
Some
were________.
Others,
called__________,were able to live on lands as well as __________. When the plants grew into forests, _________appeared for the first time. After they disappeared, _________became more important. They were the last group of animals different from all life forms in the past because they _________to young babies and _________milk from within their bodies. 实战演练
一．用所给动词的适当形式填空：
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make watch wonder be cool multiply begin exist explode
Where do we come from? How did the universe ____1______ ? When we ____2___ the stars through the telescope, we ___3______ why the universe ____4____ . After the “Big Bang” ,the earth ___5___ just a cloud of energetic dust. Somehow it ____6_____ loudly with fire and rock, which ___7___ the earth’s atmosphere. As the earth ____8___ down water _____9__ to appear on its surface, which was important for the beginning of life. Then living things ____10______ on the earth.
二.用课文中的词汇填空：
After the “Big Bang”, the earth was just a cloud of __1____ dust. It ____2___ loudly with fire and rock, which were _______3_______ to produced the water vapor, _________4__ and other gases. Then small plants grew. They _____5___ and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen. Many millions of years later the first green plants began to ____6_____ on land. When the plants grew into forests, ___7____ appeared for the first time. They produced young generally by _____8___ eggs. When dinosaurs disappeared, _______9__ became more important. Now small clever animals with __10________ appeared and ___11____ all over the world. As time went by they covered the earth and they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the __12_________, which __13________heat ________14_________ the earth into space. Whether life will continue on earth for millions of years to come will ___15______ whether this problem can be solved.
三. 找出下面句中错误并改正过来：
1.If this is the only way to realize our goals is known to us all.
2.That is still uncertain where we should go first.
3．Your composition is quite all right except that there is a few spelling mistakes.
4.Why we are worried about is that we can hardly have enough money to buy such an expensive car.
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