大学英语中的课堂游戏教学
游戏的设计与应用
（一）游戏的设计应考虑教学目标
游戏的目的性原则确定了游戏应该为完成某个教学任务服务,不是随随便便找个游戏,为了游戏而游戏。教师应当将游戏和本次教学的内容联系起来,将游戏自然过度到正常的课堂教学。
笔者在讲描述人这部分内容前设计了一个小游戏: Guessing a famous person其步骤如下: 要求任意一个学生到黑板上写一个人的名字,要求必须是健在的名人。然后老师来猜。老师提出一些描述人的问题,学生只需要回答yes 或者no就可以。就算老师早早的就知道答案,也应该将描述人的常见问题都涉及到。这样在不知不觉中学生就学到了他们应掌握的知识,比老师单纯的一句句地教学生要强许多。常用问题如下:
Is it a man? (gender) Is he/she young? (age) Is he/she single? (marriage) Is he /she an American? (nationality) Does he/she like sports? (hobbies) Is he/she a black? (complexion) Is he/she tall? (height)
Is he/she handsome/pretty? (appearance) Is he/she a politician? (occupation)
当老师猜出来以后,就进入到了实质性的教学当中。生动活泼的课堂气氛会感染每一个人。在这样热烈的教学环境中还有人要睡觉吗?
(二) 游戏和检查作业联系在一起
学英语要记住大量的生词,老师检查学生词汇掌握的情况用得最多的恐怕是听写(dictation)了。怎样让学生在听写时不感到紧张呢? 笔者经常用的一个小游戏叫(concept)。叫上一个同学站到讲台前,面对大家,然后老师在黑板上写一个词,其他同学给他提示,该同学根据所收到的信息来猜出黑板上的词。这个游戏的好处是显而易见的: 1. 每位同学都参与了游戏,促进了交流(communication)。2.不会的同学可以现学.3.下面的学生可以比谁的表达更清楚 比简单的叫几个学生来听写更受学生欢迎,因为学生不用担心出错。
此游戏注意事项:
1. Do not mention the target word. 2. Use simple language. 3. Part of speech is admitted. 4. The number of words is permitted.
这个游戏也可以分组做,比哪一组猜出的单词多。激发学生的求胜欲望。 (三) 英语游戏资源
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笔者常用的课堂游戏有: 单词回译、句子回译、单词接龙、故事接龙、动物接龙和绕口令等。 英语游戏可以自己设计，也可以借鉴现有的游戏资源。书本和杂志上的介绍就不必说了。我们可以利用网络上强大的资源。比如，我们可以利用google搜索引擎（www.google.com）,输入games for English Teaching, 敲回车键，大量介绍英语游戏的网页就会呈现在我们眼前。放心使用吧，一切免费。
（四）游戏的安排应当灵活
游戏一般在上课开始的时候做,这样可以激发起学生的学习欲望,把注意力集中到课堂上来,这在英语教学上叫 warm-up。但在课间及临近下课时也可以做。特别是随着季节的变化,学生难免会出现困顿的时候。要让他们打起精神,不是简单的把他们叫了站起来,或者赶出教室。适时的来个小游戏如何? 这样的游戏叫 wake-up。要下课时来个小游戏,可以让学生紧张的学习彻底得到放松,让他们多一点回味。当然这样的游戏不一定要做完。
小结
语言教学的成败不在于老师教了学生多少知识,而在于有没有激发学生的学习兴趣。有没有让学生投入到自觉的学习中去。寓教于乐、游戏教学是每个语言教师的基本功。灵活地使用游戏在大学英语教学中应当占有一席之地。 参考文献
[1]《英语教学法》，李庭芗，高等教育出版社，1983年3月
[2] 心理学原理与英语教学法，黄锦堂，1997年第二期《中小学英语》 [3] 外语教学中的角色游戏，郭坚志，国外外语教学，1990-02 [4] 英语课堂的教学游戏，郭大樵，国外外语教学，1993-03
Games in College English Teaching
Liu Yadong Xie Ying
Yangzhou College of Industrial Technology, Yangzhou 225127
Abstract Language learning is a hard task which can sometimes be frustrating. Constant effort is required to understand, produce and manipulate the target language. Well-chosen games are invaluable as they give students a break and at the same time allow students to practice language skills. Games are highly motivating since they are amusing and at the same time challenging. Furthermore, they employ meaningful and useful language in real contexts. They also encourage and increase cooperation.
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Key words games, college English teaching, motivating, cooperative
选了三个小游戏.也许都是你知道的了.有需要我再忙你找.祝好. 1Fast Words
The class is arranged into rows. The first person in each row is given a piece of chalk. The blackboard is divided into sections. No more than six teams.
The teacher calls a letter and the students must write as many words as they can beginning with that letter, in the allocated time. Their team-mates can call out hints, but be warned, this is very noisy.
Next, the second member gets the chalk and goes to the board and the teacher calls out a new letter.
The team with the most correct words is the winner.
2.Word Association
The teacher starts the game by saying a word, such as \\\
For example:
Teacher: Hotel Student A: Bed Student B: Room Student C: Service Student D: Food Student E: Restaurant Student F: Chinese
As you can see, any association is ok.
If the student can\\'t answer (5 second limit) he or she must stand up. The last student seated is
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the winner.
If the association is not obvious, the student is asked to explain the association.
3.Chinese Whispers
Divide the class into even rows.
The last member of each row (at the back of the class) is taken out of the classroom. A \\\letter, word or sentence (depending on level) is given.
The students run back inside, and whisper the \\\the next student in their row. It is whispered down through the row until the last member writes it on the board.
The first student to write it correctly on the blackboard is the winner!
P&K游戏进入大学英语课堂
英语课前的presentation已经成为各班的惯例，然而，4月30号信息学院通信0504班的presentation相当独特，让所来同学都参与了进来，课堂气氛相当活跃。
P&K(Police＆Killer)游戏即杀人游戏，锻炼人的思维能力、考验人的心理素质，在大学生和白领工作者中相当流行。
做presentation的同学先对游戏作了介绍，然后邀请会玩同学和老师一起做示范，The night is coming, please close your eyes”,”The killer kill people”,……”The daytime is coming, everyone opens your eyes”...
在英语老师王珏的提议下，全班同学围成一个大圈，教室的气氛达到最高潮，所有人都积极的参与进来。
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