very special festival for
all Chinese people. It is usually at the end of January or the beginning of February /in late January or early
February. The children can get “lucky money”. Women’s Day: It’s on 8th March.
April Foolish Day: on 1st April, on this day, people can play jokes to their friends. May Day: 1st May, laborers’ day.
Mother’s Day: on the second Sunday of May. Children’s Day: on June 1st.
Father’s Day: on the third Sunday in June. Party’s birthday: in China, it’s on 1st July. Army’s Day: in China, it’s on 1st August.
Mid-autumn Festival: on 15th August of Chinese lunar calendar. In China , people eat special cakes calls
moon cakes and watch the full moon. Teachers’ Day: on 10th September.
National Day: in China, it’s at the beginning of October.
Thanks Giving Day: the last Thursday in November, it’s American festival. Christmas Day: December 25th.
20、方位
人或物的位置；问路与应答
place : in, on ,at, under, near, next to, beside, behind, in front of , in the front of , in the middle (of ), back,
on the right/left, the second/…person from the right/left A: Excuse me. Where’s the department store?
Can you tell me the way to the Garden Hotel, Please? Can I take this bus to Beijing Road? Is there a hotel near here? B: It’s over there.
Turn right /left at the first crossing. The hotel is on the right/left. I’m sorry, I don’t know.
21、正在发生的事情
现在进行的动作和发生的事be doing something
1) I’m/You’re/He’s /She’s /We’re/They’re (not) working. 2) Are you playing football? Yes, I am/we are.
3) Is he/she taking exercise? Yes, he/she is. No, he/she isn’t. 4) Are they going shopping? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. 5) What are you doing? I’m/We’re cleaning the room. 6) What’s he/she doing? He’s/She’s having supper. 7) What are they doing? They’re reading.
22、日常生活
日常生活、工作、学习的活动daily routine
get up brush one’s teeth, wash one’s face, make breakfast , have breakfast, go to school/work, do morning
exercises, have classes, play basketball, play football, run ,jump, go home, have lunch, have supper, do
one’s homework, watch TV, do some reading, take a bath, go to bed 1) What time do you get up? I usually get up at 6 o’clock. 2) Shen Zhen often takes a bath at 9 o’clock in the morning. 3) My mother is never late for work.
23、计划与打算
计划和将要进行的动作和发生的事be going to do …
1) I’m/You’re /He’s/She’s /We’re/They’re (not) going to visit the museum. 2) Are you going to swim? Yes, I am/we are. No, I’m not/we aren’t. 3) Is he/she going to see Miss Wang? Yes, he/she is. No, he/she isn’t.
4) What are you going to do tomorrow? I’m /We’re going to visit the farm. 5) I/You/He/She/They/We will go skiing.
6) Are you going to be busy tomorrow? Yes, I am/we are.
7) go swimming, go shopping, go climbing, go skiing, go walking, go running, go fishing, go skating, go sightseeing,…
24、能力和可能
可能进行的动作和发生的事
1)I/You/He/She/We/They can(can’t) come here tomorrow.
2)Can he/she visit the factory today? Yes, he/she can. No, he/she can’t. 3)Can they go by bus? Yes, they can. No, they can’t.
4)May I visit the factory this afternoon? Yes, of course /Sure/Certainly. 5)May I sit here? Yes, of course/please do.
注意: 情态动词can的用法, can do (+动词原形).
小学英语语法大全
第一章名词 一、定义
名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。 二、分类
1. 名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词 如：john is a student
student是普通名词，john是专有名词
普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an, 定冠词the
或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。
2.
普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数
名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。 3. 专有名词
专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。
三、名词的数
1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词——可以数的名词
不可数名词——数不清（没有复数）
drink?milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge food?rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings 2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形 式
many+可数名词复数
much/a little+不可数名词
some, any , a lot of (lots of) 两者都可以修饰。 3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰 不可数名词数词 +量词+of + 名词 对可数名词的数量提问用how many 对不可数名词的数量提问用how much
4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法：
1）some, much ,a little ,a lot of ,a bit of , plenty of 用等表示多少。
注意既可以与可数名词复数，又可以与不可数名词连用的有：plenty of ,some ,a lot of ,lots
of ,most of 等。
如there is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。 i'll tell you much good news.我要告诉你许多好消息。
we should collect some useful information我们应该收集一些有用的消息。 2）用单位词表示。 用a ... of 表示。
如 a cup of （ 一杯......），a bottle of （一瓶......） a piece of （ 一张......），a pair of shoes（一双鞋） 如two cups of tea（两杯茶）,five pieces of paper（五张纸） 注意单位词后的动词单复数形式往往取决于单位词的单复数形式；千、百等数词与名词加用，表示
复数时，数词仍保持单数，名词变复数。 如two hundred students（200名学生） ten thousand trees（10000棵树） 测试点he caught a lot of
fish他抓到了许多鱼（此处为许多条鱼，fish的复数仍为fish或fishes） =he caught a lot of fishes.
the paper is about some fresh-water
fishes.这篇论文是有关几种淡水鱼的。（此处fish表示不同种类的鱼，加复数词尾-es）
5、可数名词分为单数和复数。
名词单数就是该词本身，在其前面加a或an。 1）单数
如a desk（一张桌子）
an old desk（一张旧书桌）
2）复数：要表示一个以上概念时，要用名词复数形式 规则变化
1）一般情况下加-s
如book--books（书） desk--desks（书桌） 2）以s ,x ,ch , sh结尾加-es
如box--boxes（盒子） bus--buses(公共汽车) 注意①以th 结尾加-s, month--months ②stomach--stomachs
3)以辅音字母+结尾，变y为i再加- es。
如city--cities(城市) country--countries(国家)
注意以元音+y，直接加s。如：day--days(天)，boy--boys(男孩) 4)以f或fe结尾，复数变f或fe 为v再加-es 如knife-knives(书) , half-halves(一半) (thief ,wife ,life ,shelf ,knife ,leaf ,self ,half ,wolf)
注意①有少数词后直接加s，如roof-roofs (屋顶) 5)以o结尾
(1)辅音字母加o结尾名词的加-es 如tomato-tomatoes(西红杮) potato-potatoes(土豆)
(2) 元音字母加o结尾名词的加-s
如piano-pianos (钢琴), zoo-zoos(动物园)
photo-photos (照片), kangaroo-kangaroos(袋鼠) kilo-kilos(千克)
注意zero 两种方式都可：zero-zeros或 zeroes(零) 不规则变化
1) 元音字母发变化。
如man--men(男人) ， woman--women(妇女) tooth--teeth(牙齿) ， foot--feet(脚)
mouse--mice(老鼠) ， policeman--policemen(警察) policewoman--policewomen(女警察) 2) 词尾发生变化。
如child--children(小孩) ， ox--oxen(公牛) 3) 单、复数形式相同。
如fish--fish(鱼) ，sheep--sheep(绵羊) ，deer--deer(鹿) ，chinese--chinese(中国人)
，yuan--yuan(元) ，jinn--jinn(斤)
注意不说an english，要说an englishman. ①fish作鱼肉讲时不可数，没有复数。 ②fishes指各种不同种类鱼或指几条鱼。 4) 形似单数，实为复数意义。 如people(人，人们)these people (不说a people，可说a person) police(公安，警察)ten police (不说a police，可说a policeman)
5) 由man和woman构成的合成名词，变复数将名词及man或woman都变成复数。 如a man driver-men drivers(男司机) a woman doctor-women doctors (女医生)
6) 合成名词变为复数时，通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数。 如passer-by-passers-by(过路人) bus driver-bus drivers(汽车司机)
注意如果没有主体名词，就在最后一词上加-s。如： grown-up-grown-ups(成年人) letter-box-letter-boxes (信箱)
注意①hair和fruit通常作单数，表示总体。若表示若干根头发或若干种水果，则需用这两个词的复 数形式。
如would you like some more fruit? 你要不要再吃点水果？
we bought a lot of fruit from the market. 我们从市场上买了许多水果， china has some good frits. 中国有一些好的水果。(指种类) she has a few white hairs. 她有几要白头发。
his black hair is going white. 他的黑发逐渐变成灰白色。 注意②wind ,snow和rain这类词，有时也可以有复数形式，表示多次的风、雪或雨。
注意以boy 和girl开头的复合名词变成复数时，一般只把后一名词变成复数。 如boy student-boy students(男学生) girlfriend--girlfriends(女朋友) 7) 有些名词只有作复数。 如scissors(剪刀)a pair of
scissors(一把剪刀)trousers(裤子)shorts(短裤)jeans(工装裤)compasses(两脚规)scales(天平)s
unglasses(太阳镜)surroundings(环境)savings(储蓄)writings(作品) 名词+man(woman)构成的复合名词，其复数形式通常与简单名词一样，即把man(woman)改成men(wome n)。
如englishman--englishmen(英国人) frenchwoman--frenchwomen(法国妇女)
注意german不是复合词，它的复数是germans。 四、名词的所有格
有些名词的可以加来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词的形式称为该名词的所有格。
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