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药品说明书英文

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rare(ly)罕见的(地) lead to 导致 riverside 可逆的 manifest 表明,显示 severe 严重的 observe(be observed)(被)观察到 temporary 暂时的 produce 产生

transient 一过性的,短暂的 react to 对……反应 appear(develop,happen,occur)出现(产生) result from 由……引起 be reported (被)报道

result in 导致 cause (be caused by) (由……)引起 treat(treatment) 治疗

special care(caution)should be exercised 特别小心(注意)

例1 Ciprofloxactin is generally well tolerated. The most frequently reported adverse reactions are: nausea, diarrhaea, vomiting, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, headache, restlessness, rash, dizziness and pruritus.

环丙沙星一般耐受良好。最常报道的副作用有:恶心、腹泻、呕吐、消化不良、腹痛、头痛、不安、皮疹、头晕及瘙痒。

例2 Side-effects are rare with slow-K, as any excess potassium is rapidly excreted in the urine. 施乐凯的副作用根罕见,因为任何过量的钾都迅速由尿排出。

例3 At the recommended dosage side-effects e.g. venous irritation or hypersensitivity reactions (coetaneous and mucous reactions) are only observed in isolated cases.

用推荐剂量治疗时,仅见个别的静脉刺激或过敏反应(皮肤及粘膜反应)病例。

例4 When adverse reactions occur, they are usually reversible and disappear when the hormone is discontinued.

当不良反应发生时,它们往往是可逆的,停用激素后副作用即消失。

例5 The most serious side-effect is damage to the bone marrow. Because of this, the white blood cell count should be controlled often enough during the treatment.

最严重的副作用是骨髓损害,因此在治疗期间,要经常监测白细胞计数。

例6 These unwanted effects usually disappear spontaneously after 7-14 days or following a temporary reduction in the dosage.

这些副作用通常在7-14日之后,或者暂时降低剂量便自行消失。

例7 With high dosage continuous infusion (more than 200mg/m2/day) over 5 to 7 days, the gastrointestinal complications are more pronounced and can on occasion lead to ileus. All side effects are reversible after cessation of therapy.

大剂量连续输注超过 5~7日(超过 200mg/m2/日),胃肠道并发症更为明显,偶尔可导致肠梗阻。停药后副作用皆可逆转。

例 8 In some patients nausea, dizziness,and vomiting may occur in the first days of treatment but the treatment need not be discontinued for that. In rare cases a decrease of blood pressure may appear for which a blood pressure check-up is recommended in out-patients before the treatment is initiated. If side-effects persist, lower doses should be administered. 服用本品的头几天,有些病人可能会出现恶心、头晕和呕吐,但不必停药。偶有血压下降的病例,为此,在治疗开始前建议对门诊患者检测血压。若副作用持续不消失,应减少服用剂量。

例9 Major adverse reactions (much less common than the minor adverse reactions) include inhibition of myelopoiesis, drug fever and hepatitis.

较重的不良反应(远不及轻度不良反应常见)包括抑制骨髓细胞生成,药物热及肝炎。

例10 Side-effects: Loss of appetite and nausea occur in most cases, sometimes with vomiting. These symptoms are usually confined to the first few days of treatment and then tend to disappear.

副作用:多数病例出现食欲减退、恶心,有时呕吐。这些症状通常发生在治疗的最初几天,以后逐渐消失。

第八节 注意事项

“注意事项”也是药品说明书中的重要内容之一。为了安全用药,厂商在本项中特别强调应注意的事项,其中主要包括:正确的剂量和用法,超过剂量时的应急措施,用药对象,可能出现的较严重的副作用及治疗方案,药物的配伍,药液的配制、使用及保管等、方面的注意事项。现就本项内容详细介绍如下:

1. 本项常用的英语表示法:

Precaution(s) 注意事项 Special note(caution, precaution)特别注意 Caution(s) 注意事项 N.B. 注意 Note 注意 Warning(s) 警告 有时也用:

Important 重要事项

Important for the patients 患者须知 2. 本项中常见的检查项目:

blood count 血细胞汁数 Kidney (renal) function 肾功能

blood picture(hemogram) 血象 Liver(hepatic)function 肝功 blood level 血浓度 serum concentration 血清浓度

blood pressure 血压 serum creatinine test 血清肌酸酐检验 clotting time 凝血时间 urine routine(examination) 尿常规 creatinine clearance 肌酸酐清除率

3. 本项的特点是内容长短不一,有难有易;词汇量大,涉及面广,既有普通词汇,也有大量的专业词汇及编写词。许多词汇、结构和句型可在药理作用、适应症、禁忌症、剂量和用法、副作用,贮藏等项中见到。从英语结构上分析,句型变化较多,长句、难句也屡屡出现,是比较难读的一个项目。 例1 Warnings and precautions: Ciprofloxacin should be used with caution in epileptics and patients with a history of CNS disorders and only if the benefits of treatment are considered to outweight the risk of possible CNS side-effects. 警告和注意事项:癫痫病人及有中枢神经系统病史的患者慎用环丙沙星,仅当认为疗效超过可能产生的中枢神经系统副作用的危险时才可使用。

例2 Ciprofloxacin could result in impainnent of the patients ability to drive or operate machinary, particularly in conjunction with alcohol.

环丙沙星能损害人们驾驶汽车或操纵机器的能力,尤其是在饮酒之后。

例3 Warnings: Vepeside should be administered under the supervision of a qualified physicain experienced in the use of cancer chemotherapeutic agents.

警告:泛必治应该在使用治疗癌症的化疗制剂方面有经验、有资格的医生的监护下使用。

例4 The most serious risk associated with anticoagulant therapy with sodium warfarin are hemorrhage in any tissue or organ and less frequently, necrosis and/ or gangrene of skin and other tissues. The risk of hermorrhage is related to level of intensity and the duration of anticoagulant therapy. 用华注林钠进行抗凝治疗产生的最严重的危险就是组织或器官出血,以及不大常出现的皮肤和其他组织的坏死和(或)坏疽。出血的危险与抗凝治疗的药物浓度(水平)及疗程长短有关。

例5 The occurrence of a platelet count below 50,000/mm3 or an absolute neutrophil count below 500/mm3 is an indication to withhold further therapy until the blood counts have sufficiently recovered. 血小板数低于s0,000/mm3 或绝对中性白细胞数低于500/mm3 ,表明不能继续使用本品治疗,待白细胞计教充分恢复后才能继续用药。

例6 Wayfaring therapy should be discontinued when wayfaring is suspected to be the cause of developing necrosis and heparin therapy may be considered for anticoagulation.

当怀疑华法林治疗引起坏死时,则须停止治疗,并且考虑使用肝素治疗。 例7 Dosage should be controlled by periodic determinations of prothrombin time(PT) or other suitable coagulation tests.

必须定期检查凝血酶原时间(PT),或做其他相应的凝血试验来控制剂量。

例8 Please note Cerebral convulsive disease is regarded as a relative contraindication for examinations in the subarachnoid space. If after careful consideration, these examinations are nevertheless performed, all equipment and medicines necessary to counter any convulsions may occur must be prepared ready for use beforehand. 请注意:脑惊厥被认为相对禁止进行蛛网膜下腔检查,如经谨慎考虑后、仍要进行这些检查时.必须事先备妥应付可能发生惊厥所需的所有设备与药品。

例9 Caution must be exercised in the case of hypersensitivity to iodinated contrast media, latent hyperthyroidism and bland nodular goiter.

对碘造影剂过敏、隐匿性甲状腺亢进和轻微甲状腺肿的病例,应慎重。

例10 Caution Alcohol intake may enhance nitrate effects and occasionally induce hypotension with subsequent impairment of reactivity. During the first three months of pregnancy drugs should only be used on the express direction of the attendant physician. Isket spray should not be stored at temperatures above 25.C! Temperatures above 40 ℃ are to be avoided, even for bried periods! Do not force canister open, even when empty!

注意:饮酒可增强硝酸盐的作用、偶尔引起低血压,继而损害反应力。妊娠三个月时,只有在监护医生明确指导下才可使用本品。异舒吉喷雾剂的贮存温度不应超过25℃!避免超过40℃。即使短时间也不可!不要用力开罐,即使空罐时也不可用力开!勿使儿童接触本品 例

11 As with all new drugs, patients should be followed carefully so that any side-effects or unusual manifestations of drug idiosyncrasy may be detected. If any allergic reaction to Keflex occurs, the drug should be discontinued and the patient treated with the usual agents.

像使用所有新药一样,应细心地随访患者,以便观察任何副作用或药物特异反应。如果出现对头抱菌素IV的过敏反应,应停药,并用常规药物治疗患者。

例12 In patients with normal renal function, chronic hypocalcaemia may be associated with an increase in serum creatinine. While this is usually reversible, it is important in such patients to pay careful attention to those factors which may lead to hypocalcaemia.

对于肾功能正常的患者,慢性高钙血症可能与血清肌酸酐增多有关。这通常虽然是可逆的,然而对这样的病人,密切注意可能导致血钙过多的各种因素是很重要的。

例13 Precautions 一Avoid the concomitant use, in the absence of special monitoring laboratory of parameters, of anticoagulants or aspirin. 一Inform the attending physician in the event of bleeding or of the occurrence of a hematoma.

注意事项:在无化验室参考指标的专门监测情况下,避免与抗凝剂或阿司匹林合用。如发生出血或出现血肿,应通知主治医生。

例14 Periodical examination of hepatic or renal function and blood picture is desirable since Kedacillin may increase SGOT. SGPT and BUN, and decrease erythrocyte and leukocyte.

磺苄青霉素钠可使血清谷-草转氨酶,血清谷-丙转氨酶和血液尿素氮增高,使红细胞和白细胞减少.所以最好要定期检查肝、肾功能和血象。 例

15 N.B.Transference from insulin to Glutei may be attempted in case of maturity-onset diabetes with obesity; dosage is based upon the result of the necessarily frequent metabolic tests.

注意:伴有肥胖症的成年型糖尿病患者,可试从胰岛素改用格路特利治疗,剂量应以必须经常进行的代谢试验为依据。

第九节 包 装

1“包装”在英文药品说明书中的表示法有许多,最常用的是Pack(Package)和Supply,例如: Pack(s) (Packing(s)) 包装 Supplys(Supplied) 包装

Package(s) 包装 How Supplied 包装方式

Packing for Hospital 医院用包装 Method of Supply 包装方式 Package Quantitiess( Quantity)包装量 此外还有,

Presentation 包装 Hospital (Size) Packs 医院用包装 Availability 包装 Trade Packs(Packings) 商品包装 Mode(Form)of Issue 包装

2 常见的包装单位(工具)的英语表示法: ampoule(s) 安瓿 carton 纸盒

blister pack(package) 铝塑包装(水泡眼包装) pack 包

blister strip 铝塑条状包装(水泡眼条包装) sheet 张 bottle 瓶 strip 条 box 盒 tube 管 canist 罐

vial 玻璃小瓶

3 药物的常见剂型的英语表示法:

aerosol (spray, inhaler) 气雾剂 ampoule 针剂 capsules 胶囊 oral solution 口服液 coated(-)tablets 包衣片 pill 丸剂 cream 乳膏 powder 粉剂

derm TTS 皮肤贴膏 retard capsules (tablets) 缓释胶囊(片) dragee 糖衣丸 scored-tablets 刻(划)痕片 drops 滴剂 solution 溶液剂

emulsion 乳剂栓剂 sugar-coated tablets 糖衣片 film-coated tablets 薄膜片。膜衣片 suppositories 栓剂

granule 颗粒 suspension 悬浮剂,混悬剂 injection 注射剂,针剂

sustained release tablets 恒(缓)释片 liniment 搽剂 syrup 糖浆 liquid 液剂 tablets 片剂 ointment 软膏

4 本项的结构特点;内容结构简单,多为不完全句,或仅仅列出包装工具、剂型、装量等,词汇量容易阅读。

例1 Presentation 30 capsules. 包装:30粒胶囊装。

例2 Packages:Box containing one 100 mg bottle 包装:盒装,每盒1瓶,每瓶100 mg.

例3 Packing Bottle of 12 capsules 250 mg and 500 mg.Box of 12 capsules 250 mg in blister. Bottle for pediatric use (granulated): 20 gm granulated contain 1 gm ampicillin, The content of the spoon included in the packing corresponds to 100 mg ampicillin.

包装瓶装12粒胶囊,每粒含量250或500mg.盒装12粒胶囊(水泡眼包装),每粒含量250mg.瓶装儿童用颗粒剂:20克颗粒剂每瓶含有 1 g 氨苄青霉素。附在包装内的一匙的量,相当于1O0 mg 氨

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