①．n. “思想” 例：Chairman Mao’thought is the guide to our action. ②．v. “睡”过去式、过去分词
﹙18﹚ get v.
①．“变得” 例：The weather is getting colder and colder. ②．“使?变得” 例：I will get my hair cut.
③．“到达” 例：What time do you get to school every day? ④.“取、拿”例：Could you please go and get some chalk for me?
﹙19﹚ experiment
﹙20﹚ ①．n. “实验” 例：Let me do an experiment to see if it is true.
②．v. “做实验” 例：He got the result by experimenting again and again.
﹙21﹚ land
①．n. “陆地” 例：Much land has changed into desert.
②．v. “着陆、登陆” 例：The spaceship danded on the moon successfully.
﹙22﹚ increase
①．n.“增加、增长” 例：The increase of population has bought many probloms. ②．v.“增加、增长” 例：The number of the peaple is increasing rapidly.
﹙23﹚ fail v.
①．“失败” 例：Though they tried their best,they failed at last. ②．“不及格” 例：He is too careless to fail the exam.
﹙24﹚ park
①．v. “停放﹙车辆﹚” 例：Don’t park your car here. ②．n. “公园”
﹙25﹚ dry
①．v. “使?干” 例： We should dry our clothes in the hot weather. ②．adj. “干燥的” 例：Put the medicine in a dry place.
﹙26﹚ save
①．v. “节省、节约” 例：Water should be saved in our life. ②．v. “抢救、挽救” 例：The doctor has saved the boy’s life.
﹙27﹚ rest
①．v. “休息” 例：Stop working to rest. ②．n. “休息” 例：have a rest
③．pron. “其余” 例：Ten of them are boys.The rest are girls.
﹙28﹚ own
①．v. “拥有” 例：Do you own a company? ②．adj. “自己的” 例：This is my own bag.
﹙29﹚ prefer v.“更喜欢”
①．prefer doing﹙sth.﹚ to doing﹙sth.﹚ 与?相比，更喜欢? ②．prefer to do rather than do 与?相比，更喜欢?
﹙30﹚ sort
①．v. “分类、归类” 例：We sort the garbage into three parts ②．n. “类型” 例：All sorts of questions cab be asked.
﹙31﹚ heat
①．v. “加热” 例：Sea water cab be heat to get salt. ②．n. “热量” 例：The sun give us light and heat.
﹙32﹚ litter
①．v. “丢垃圾” 例：It is bad to litter here and there. ②．n. “垃圾” 例：There is so much litter in the river.
﹙33﹚ hold
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①．v. “容纳” 例：The house is big enough to hold 100 people. ②．v. “举行” 例：We will hold a meeting in a week.
③．v. “支撑” 例：Its legs were hut too badly to hold its heavy body. ④．n. “握” 例：catch hold of
﹙34﹚ face
①．n. “脸” 例：He has a round face. ②．v. “面向” 例：The shop faces a marcket.
﹙35﹚ study
①．n. “书房” 例：There are a lot books in his study. ②．n. “学习、研究” 例：The teacher is strict in our studies.
③．v.“学习”例：The harder you study,the greater progress you will get.
﹙36﹚ mistake
①．n. “错误” 例：I made a mitake in the exam. ②．v. “弄错” 例：He often mistakes me for my brother.
﹙37﹚ fall
①．n. “秋季” 例：Leaves on trees turn yellow in fall. ②．v. “下落” 例：The man fell off his bike.
﹙38﹚ trouble
①．n. “麻烦” 例：We should help the people in trouble. ②．v. “麻烦、打扰” 例：I am sorry yo trouble you.
﹙39﹚ miss
①．v. “想念” 例：I have been away from my parents for years,I miss them very much. ②．v. “错过、没赶上” 例：Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.
﹙40﹚ stay
①．v. “停留﹑呆” 例：I stayed at home yesterday.
②．v. “保持” 例：Walking after supper can help us stay healthy.
﹙41﹚ play
①．v. “玩” 例：play football play the guitar ②．v. “戏剧” 例：TV play
③．n. “播放” 例：He played the music and danced along with it.
﹙42﹚ last
①．v. “持续” 例：The rain has lasted for a few day.
②．adj. “上个、最后的”last week﹙上周﹚the last man﹙最后一人﹚ ﹙43﹚ stick
①．v. “张贴” 例：Please stick the map on the wall. ②．v. “坚持” 例：He insisted on wearing a suit.
③．n. “棍、枝条” 例：The boy drew a picture on the ground with a stick.
﹙44﹚ follow v.
①．“遵循” 例：We should follow our school rules. ②．“跟着” 例：A dog followed the man all along.
③．“理解” 例：You speak too fast ,I can not follow you. ④．“效仿” 例：Do not follow others to do everything.
﹙45﹚ place
①．v. “放置” 例：He placed it in a cool and dry room. ②．n. “地方” 例：The place I visited is beautiful.
﹙46﹚ train
①．n. “火车” 例：take a train by train
②．v. “训练” 例：He went to a English training school.
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﹙47﹚ expect v. “期望”
①．expect to do sth. 例：I expect to be a tescher.
②．expect sb.to do sth. 例：He expects me to be a tescher. ③. ③. expect that—从句 例：He expectsthat I can be a tescher.
﹙48﹚ direct
①. v. “导演” 例：The play is directed by him.
②. adj. “直接的” 例：This is the direct reason why you can not be allowed.
﹙49﹚ dream
②. v. “梦想” 例：He dreams of being a polite. ③. n. “梦” 例：：I often have dreams at night.
﹙50﹚ order
①. v. “命令” 例：The captain ordered his men to set off at once. ②. v. “订购” 例：Would you like to order some food for the party? ③．n. “顺序” 例：Put them in a right order.
﹙51﹚ risk
①．n. “风险、冒险” 例：There is much risk to do it. ②．v. “冒险” 例：Do not risk doing it.
﹙52﹚ impress
①．n. “印象” 例：He is a kind man in my impress. ②．v. “给?留下印象” 例：The places impressed me deeply.
﹙53﹚ work
①．n. “工作” 例：What hard work it is! ②．n. “著作” 例：I have read his works. ③．v. “工作” 例：How hard they are working!
﹙54﹚ hand
①．n. “手” 例：We work with our hands.
②．n. “指针” 例：The hour hand stopped pointing at nine. ③．v. “递” 例：Please hand the book to me.
﹙55﹚ change
①．n. “变化” 例：Great changes have taken place in my hometown. ②．v. “改变” 例：Change the words into Chinese.
﹙56﹚ aim
①．n. “目的” 例：My aim is to go to college.
②．v. “目的是” 例：The article aims to tell us how to learn English.
﹙57﹚ free
①． adj. “空闲的” 例：What do you do in your free time?
②． adj. “免费的” 例：If you spent 20 dollar living here,you can enjoy free food. ③． adj. “自由的、” 例：Let him free.
④．v. “使?自由” 例：He did not want to free me.
﹙58﹚ raise
①．v. “举起、提升” 例：If you know the answer,please raise yor hands. ②．v. “募集” 例：The government has raised a lot of monet for them.
﹙59﹚ lift
①．n. “电梯” 例：There is something with the lift. ②．v. “抬起、举起” 例：He is too weak to lift the bag.
﹙60﹚ pack v. “打包”
①．例：“pack?into?”例：He packed his clothes into a bag. ②．例：“pack?with?”例：He packed a bag with his clothes.
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﹙61﹚ plan
①．n. “计划” 例：We made plan of building a new school here. ②．v. “计划” 例：plan to do打算做某事 plan on doing对做某事做出计划
﹙62﹚ complete
①．adj. “完全的、” 例：Please make a complete sentence by yourself. ②．v. “完成” 例：We can complete finishing the work in three days.
﹙63﹚ master
①．n. “主人” 例：The master of the house is very kind to his servants. ②．v. “掌握、精通” 例：It is important to master coputer skills.
﹙64﹚ show
①．n. “展览” 例：Ther are many kinds of shoes on show. ②．v. “展示、出示、表明” 例：Please show your watch to me. ③.show up “露面” 例：He never shows up in public.
﹙65﹚ interest
①．n. “兴趣” 例：I take an interest in English. ②．v. “使?感兴趣” 例：The book interests me very much.
﹙66﹚ enter v. “进入”
①．“go into” 例：He entered the shop to buy a bike. ②．“come into” 例：Come here and enter my room.
﹙67﹚ have v.
①．“有” 例：I have a new car.
②．“吃、喝” 例：have supper have water have rice ③．“进行” 例：have a game have a talk have a meeting ④．“使、让”
A. have sb. do=let sb. do 例：I will have him do the work.
B. have sb. doing=keep sb. doing例：It is not allowed to have stuents standing when they make mistakes. C. have sb. done=ask sb. to do例：I will have my hair cut=I will ask sb. to cut my hair.
﹙68﹚ type
①. n. “类型” 例：It is one of types of pollution. ②. v. “打字” 例：Can you help me to type the article?
总之，要心细手勤，多思善问，求同寻异，在初中教学范围内，围绕下列几个方面来归纳、总结、积累相关知识： 1．语法：如少数动词﹙come go leave fly等﹚的进行时可表示将来时。 2．主动语态与被动语态。
3．及物与不及物：如正：Sth.happens to sb.错：Sb. happens sth. ﹙happen不及物﹚。 4．延续与非延续：如错：I have come here for a day﹙come非延续,不与时间段连用﹚。 正：I have beenhere for a day﹙系表结构延续,能与时间段连用﹚。
5．动作与状态：如“put on”强调动作→非延续→不与时间段连用。“wear”强调状态→延续→能与时间段连用。
6．同义与反义：如deed doing ＝ need to be done,borrow与lend词义相反。 7．区别与联系：如“cost”和“spend”词义相同，前者人作主语，后者物作主语。 8．词组与短语：如can’t help doing, pay attention to等。 在运用之时，注意一下几个问题：
1． 不及物动词无被动语态。
2． 非延续动词不能与时间段连用﹙否定句除外﹚。
3． 并列结构通常遵循性质一致原则﹙如原形、过去式等﹚。 4． 被动语态中不定式不省略“to”。 二．情态动词
情态动词在句中往往不能独立做谓语，与行为动词或系动词原形构成合成谓语。 1． 基本用法：
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