【教师寄语:Never say die. 永不放弃。】
How often do you exercise?
【基础知识】
一、重点句子解析:
1.How often do you exercise? 你(你们)多久锻炼一次身体? 解析:How often + 助动词do(does或did) + 主语 + do sth? 疑问词how often是问频率(多久一次)
回答一般是用表示频率的副词,如:once, twice, three times…, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month
Eg)——How often do you go to the factory?
——Twice a week.你们多久到工厂去一次?每星期两次。 新 课 标 第 一 网
2.——“What do you usually do on weekends?”
——“ I usually play soccer.”“周末你通常做什么?”“我通常踢足球。”
解析:第一个do为助动词, 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用;而第二个do则是实义动词。 Eg1)What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies.
3.——“What’s your favorite program?”
——“It’s Animal World.”“你最喜欢什么节目?”“动物世界。”
4.As for homework , most students do homework every day . 解析:as for...意思是“至于;关于”,常用于句首作状语
如:As for him,I never want to see him here. 至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到。
5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . 解析:want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”; want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如:
注意:有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语,如: ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事新 课 标 第 一 网
6.well,how about Tuesday?哦,那星期二怎么样啊 ?
解析:How about…?=What about …?,“…怎么样”,用来向对方征求意见。 如:It’s very sunny today ,how/what about playing tennis?
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7.Twenty percent don’t exercise at all.20%的学生根本不锻炼。 解析:“not…at all”“一点也不;根本不”
如:He didn’t do his homework at all yesterday.昨天他根本没有做作业。 拓展:not at all “不客气”=you are welcome. 如:---Thank you very much. ---Not at all
8. My eating habits are pretty good . 解析:这里pretty相当于very 。
9.I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week . 解析:try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ”
try doing sth.表示“(用某一办法)试着去做某事”。如:
10. Good food and exercise help me to study better. 解析:这里better是well的比较级,而不是good的比较级
11.Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?
=Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? 解析:be the same as … be different from …
12. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . 解析:keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
13. That sounds interesting.
解析:这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。
sound(听起来),look(看起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(觉得),seem(好象),grow(变得),get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语。如:
Eg1)It tastes good. 这味道好。
14. I think I’m kind of unhealthy.我想我有点不健康。 解析:kind of = a little a kind of 一种
15.Exercise such as playing basketball is fun.像打篮球这样的锻炼是有趣的。
16.although=though虽然 <不能与but连用>
如:Although he is old, he is quite strong.=He is old, but he is quite strong.)
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解析:句子中,有although或though就不可再用but. 与之类似的情况:有because就不能再用so.
17.She says it’s good for my health.她说它对我的健康有好处。 解析:be good for对…有益;其反义词组:be bad for对…有害 辨析:
be good for“对…有益”; be good at“擅长于”;
be good with“和…相处的好”;
18.How come?怎么回事?
解析:表示某件事很奇怪,有点想不通。可单独使用,也可引导一个问句,相当于疑问词why. 但how come开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。 如:How come you didn’t tell me about it?
=Why didn’t you tell me about it?你怎么不早点告诉我这件事?
【词语辨析.】
1.注意sometimes与几个形似的词的区别。
(1) sometime意为“在某个时候”,“某时”例:Will you come again sometime next week? (2) some time意为“一段时间”,例:I will stay here for some time.我将在这呆一段时间。
(3)some times意为“几次,几倍”例:I met him some times in the street last month.上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。
(4)sometimes 意为“有时”=at times例:He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends.他有时周末去滑滑板。
2.time意为“时间”时,为不可数名词。 意为“次数,倍数”时,为可数名词。 例1:What time is it?
例2:I go to the movies three times a week. 注意:
1)“次数”的表达方法:
一次once;两次twice;三次或三次以上用基数词加上times:three times、five times、one hundred times. 2)表示“……几次”的表达方法是: once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year twice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year
3.same与different 解析:
the same as 与......一样 be different from 与......不同
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此外:different译为“不同的”,其后的可数名词应为复数形式。 different的名词形式为difference, 复数形式为differences。
4. hard / hardly 1)hard:
adj. 辛苦的,困难的 例He had a hard (adj.)time in the past. 新 课 标 第 一 网 adv. 努力,使劲地He works hard. 他努力工作。
2)结构:It's hard for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是难的。
3)hardly:hardly是频度副词,表示几乎不,简直不。例子:I can hardly see it.我几乎看不到它。 4)反意疑问句:It hardly rains here, does it?
5. how often / how long / how soon / how far 1)how often: “隔多久一次”,指动作的频率,答语常用often, never, twice a week等表示频率的副词或短语。(用于一般现在时或一般过去时)
2)how long: 1)“(延续)多长时间”,答语常用for+时间段或since+时间点。(用于各种时态); 3)how soon:“还要多久才…,多久以后”,答语常用“in+时间段”。(用于一般将来时) 4)how far:“多远”,询问距离。
6.句型“It is+adj.+(for sb)to do sth.\和“It is+adj.+(of sb)to do sth.区别 1)说人的用of sb.;
of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词。 如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。 如:It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。
2)说事的用for sb。for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词。 如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, important, impossible等; 如:It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
7.across与through区别
across为“横穿”,与“道路”交叉形成“十字”,即:从物体表面经过,如:过河、过桥、过马路。 through为在立体空间中的“穿过”即:从物体内部经过,如:穿过森林、隧道。
8. every day与everyday区别 1)every day作状语,译为“每一天”。 2)everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。
9.stay up与stay up late区别 1)stay up “熬夜、不睡觉”
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2)stay up late“熬夜到很晚,迟睡”
【语法专项】
频度副词。
1.定义:表示抽象的次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。
常用的频度副词按频率发生的高低依次为always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>hardly ever>never
如:He hardly never exercises.他几乎从不锻炼。
注意:表示具体的次数、频率时,一次用once,两次用twice,三次及以上用“基数词+times”表示。
2.对频度副词提问时,用特殊疑问词how often。 如:--How often do you exerxise? --Hardly ever.几乎从不。
3.在句中的位置。
1)一般放在实义动词前,be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。 如:We never eat junk food.我们从来不吃垃圾食品。 I can hardly say a word.我几乎说不出一句话来。 He is sometimes very busy.他有时很忙。
2)有些频度副词也可位于句首,但表示不同的含义。
①simetimes常用于句首,和位于句中区别不大。如:Sometimes Jack plays computer games. ②often用于句首时,且其前一般有quite,very修饰。如:Very often he goes online.他上网很经常。 ③usually有时也可用于句首,其前不用修饰语。如:Usually my father gets up early.
④always一般不用于句首,但可用于祈使句中。如:Always remember this.请时刻记住这一点。
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