焦 虑
查尔斯·狄更斯说得好：“那既是最美好的时光，也是最难熬的岁月。”他或许是从学生的角度在描述大学生活。对许多学生而言，那段日子之所以难熬，一个重要的原因是焦虑。当然，令人担忧的事情是不少。想想以下这些问题：为专业选择而困扰，担心是否能够适应社会，担心毕业后的就业问题，对考试感到紧张，担心能否考入研究生院，害怕考试不及格，为朋友少而感到忧虑和孤独，来自家庭的压力和矛盾，担心经济问题，对人生价值、目的和意义的迷茫。简而言之，许多事情正在发生并且许多事情都处于成败关头。
每个人都有自己独特的方式来处理不安、担忧和焦虑。许多消极的处理方式（如酗酒、吸毒、暴食或大学校园里常见的其他饮食紊乱行为、发怒、疏远室友或朋友等等）可以被认为是应付焦虑的种种尝试。即使这些策略最终都有伤害性，每个人在感到焦虑时，运用这些策略正是为了有效地控制自己的情绪，明白这一点很重要。控制自己的情绪是一种基本需要，这种意图应始终受到尊重。然而，如果所采取的方法行不通或者只在短期内有效，那么可能需要学习更有效的方法来应对焦虑。
精神分析法创始人西格蒙德·弗洛伊德将焦虑视为人在体验某种感觉时的一个信号，这种感觉在某些方面可被认为是对自己幸福感的一种威胁。他进而认为，这种感觉能刺激人预期孤立无助的到来。因此，将焦虑视为“反馈”是重要的，它有助于我们找到应对焦虑的方法。实际上，如果能让我们正在体验的焦虑说话，它也许会说：“注意，有重要事情在发生。”而人们并不总能轻易看出这件“事情”是什么，尤其是自己。这正是心理辅导发挥作用之处。心理顾问是精通“焦虑语言”的专业人士，能帮助你更有效地控制情绪。采取有效对策，对你现在和将来的生活都会产生重大影响，关键的第一步是理解焦虑的含义。这些对策可能包括，培养新的行为习惯、用新的方式来理解和体验情感以及用新的方式来思考人生。
对一些学生而言，焦虑的感觉有时是如此强烈以致于他们会陷入恐慌，无法恰当地应付日常生活中的各种事情。生物因素在这些反应中能发挥一定作用，在某些情况下，药物可以是心理辅导的有益补充。
我们大都会认为焦虑是一种令人不舒服的感觉。然而，作为一种反馈，焦虑是了解自我的一条重要途径。而了解自我不正是大学生活的一部分吗？
Reading A
Task1
1.Fear, worry, anxiety, loneliness, zeal, enthusiasm, happiness, sympathy, excitement , sadness, confusion, nervousness, depression, embarrassment, madness, hatred, anger, scare, etc.
2.It is a kind of troubled feeling in the mind caused by fear and uncertainty about the future. 3.I drink much/ over-eat/ get angry/ go to see a counselor/ take medicine. Task3
1.Different issues of anxiety for college students
2.Drinking too much, abusing other drugs, over-eating, or engaging in other eating disorders, getting angry, etc.
3.Definition of anxiety 4.Counseling and medication
5.An uncomfortable feeling, and at the same time, an important avenue to self-understanding Task4 1.abuse 2.cope 3.engage 4.response 5.assist 6.critical 7.panic 8.at stake 9.in effect
10.go off Task5
1.has gone off 2.response 3.assist 4.at stake 5.critical 6.panic 7.cope 8.in effect 9.abused 10.was engaged in Task6
1.We cannot afford to take risks when people’s lives are at stake. 2.I have gone off novels written by Armstrong because of their similar style.
3.By asking for these particular qualifications, you are, in effect, excluding most women from applying.
4.Climate change may be a big problem, but there are many little things we can do to make a difference.
5.In the early 1930s and late 1940s, many countries were engaged in World War II for different reasons. Task7
1.My friend proposed having dinner together at an Italian restaurant.
2.She went to work in the country instead of staying in the city. Or: She went to work in the city instead of staying in the country. 3.I have some difficulty in understanding spoken English. 4.The school authority does not permit smoking on the campus.
5.There is no way to prevent supplies from reaching them if this situation continues. Task8
1.This is an important issue which we have to look at from an international perspective. 2.The development of the site will have implications for the surrounding countryside. 3.Have you had any feedback from customers about this new model of washing-machine? 4.Mary has never done this type of work before; I’m not sure whether she’ll fit in with other people.
5.Many women workers at the meeting gave voice to their fears about job security.
Listening
Task1
1.Each person has his or her own unique ways of coping with tension, worry, and anxiety. 2.Anxiety, as a source of feedback to you, can be an important avenue to self-understanding. 3.The need to control one’s emotional life is basic and the intent to do so should always be respected.
4.Anxiety is considered to be a signal that a person was experiencing something that could be a threat to his or her sense of well-being.
5.Counselors are professionals who are attuned to the “language of anxiety” and may be able to assist you to manage your life more effectively. Task2
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