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句号、分号或在逗点后加并列连词(and , but , or , for , so , nor , yet) 等方法修改。故上例可改为: 〔修改〕10. She thought what the teacher pointed out was right . However , she didn’t care for that .或She thought what the teacher pointed out was right ; however , she didn’t care for that .或She thought what the teacher pointed out was right , but she didn’t care for that . (5) 与comma splice 相映成趣的是,许多学生作文时,极少考虑句子间的逻辑关系,一个逗点连首尾,导致大量熔句(fused sentence) 的堆砌。例如: 〔错误〕11. Young men like blue jeans they wear them all the time. 〔修改〕11. Young men like blue jeans ; they wear them all the time. 或Young men like blue jeans. They wear them all the time. 或Young men like blue jeans , and they wear them all the time. 或Young men like blue jeans ; they wear them all the time. 或Since young men like blue jeans , they wear them all the
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time. (6) 两个并列的形容词间以and 代替逗点。〔错误〕12. Through the window , in front of me were large green fields which reminded me of the small clearing where I spent my lonely and hard childhood. 现代英语表达一般在两个形容词中间不使用and , 而是用逗点分隔。〔修改〕12. Through the window , in front of me were large green fields which reminded me of the small clearing where I spent my lonely , hard childhood因语体错位而造成的标点错误。英文写作是一种书面语的输出。其书面语体的特征要求其与口头语相区别。口语中存在的大量缩约(contraction) 在书面语体中应尽量避免。而许多学生在书面作文中大量使用省字号(’),几乎1/ 3 左右的作文在文体上存在漏洞,现代英语的发展对此却难以容忍。如: 1. I’d like to share my joys with you. ( I would like to) 2. .you can’t behave like that . (you cannot) 3. .there’re so many splendid toys for me to select .
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(there are) 其他错误：(1) 引号错误。〔错误〕13.“No pain , no gain. ”If you . 〔修改〕13. As the saying goes ,“No pain , no gain. ” 英文中短小的引语与作者提示“某某说之类的词语之间用逗点隔开,置于引号内。不能省略提示语“某某说之类而直接引用。〔错误〕14. Glancing through the essay entitled“Why Not More ？ ”, Dr. Jefferson frowned thoughtfully. 〔修改〕14. Glancing through the essay entitled“Why Not More ？,”Dr. Jefferson frowned thoughtfully. 许多学生对诸如上例引号边的标点位置含糊,不清楚以下常用法:句号和逗号必须置于引号之内;冒号和分号必须置于引号之外;如果所引内容本身是疑问句或感叹句,问号和感叹号一般放在引号之内,否则,问号和感叹号则放在引号之外。(2) 日-月-年次序的日期中的逗号错误。英语日期的表达可以用月-日-年的次序和日-月-年的次序,日和年之间加逗号而月和年之间习惯上不加逗号。例如: 误把“13 August 2002”写
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成“13 August , 2002”。(3) 在部分副词如perhaps , so 后加逗号。如:〔错误〕16. Perhaps , I would not have such a good chance again.〔错误〕17. So , they keep in touch with each other merely by writing letters and phoning now.以上两句的修改方法是把句中的逗号去掉。(4) 连接号(hyphen) 错误。许多英语习作者往往随意用连接号派生单词,如把“boyfriend”写成“boy -friend”;“middle school”写成”middle -school”。在行末单词分行时,连接号使用错误更多。与之相反,若把本应有的连接号粗心删去,其单词含义可能会大相径庭。如有一年美国政府在一份贸易清单上列举了一些免税进口的物品,其中有一种是foreign fruit —plants(外国果树苗),后来于打字员的疏忽，漏打连接号使其成了foreign fruit , plants(外国水果、树苗),结果导致第二年大量的水果如桔子、葡萄等从世界各地免税涌入美国市场从而使美国政府当年损失约200 多万美元。应用逗号而没用,造成语义的表
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