中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解
专题三 C、D字部
1. choose
v.选择
词形变化：过去式chose，过去分词chosen
关联词组：choose from挑选，从……中选择；choose between A and B在A和B中做出选择；choose to do sth.选择做某事
词性转换：choice n.选择：make a choice做出选择；have no choice别无选择
（2019，江苏卷，短文填空）
For the first few months I chose to eat in Sichuan Or Hunan style restaurants instead of eating much __16__ food.
16. A. fresh B. local C. Chinese D. frozen 2. collect
v.收集，聚集
关联词组：collect information收集信息；collect stamps集邮
词性转换：collection n.收集，采集；收藏品：a collection of（收藏的）一些，一批
（2019，浙江卷，词汇运用）What she does is called \collecting rubbish with running. 3. comfortable
adj.令人舒适的；感到舒服的
关联词组：make oneself comfortable别拘束，别客气；feel comfortable感到舒服
词性转换：comfortably adv.舒适地；comfort n.舒适；安慰；v.安慰，使（痛苦）缓和
（2019，山东卷，完形填空）
Remember that usually Chinese people will not open the gift in front of the person who gives ____11____. To show the respect, it may be ____12____ to explain what the gift is. 11. A. it B. them C. that
12. A. necessary B. careful C. comfortable 4. communicate
v. 沟通，交流；交际；传达
关联词组：communicate with与……交流；communicate in (English)用（英语）交流 词性转换：communication n.交流；通信，通讯：international communication国际交流
（2019，北京卷，阅读D）
33. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage? A. To question about the standards of information storage. B. To discuss our problems of communication with machines.
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C. To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability. D. To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember. 5. compare
v. 比较，对比
1compare A with B“比较A和B”，侧重二者的区别 ○
2compare A to B“把A比作B”，侧重比喻，比拟，指出二者的相似关系 ○
3compared ○with/to +名词，“与……相比”，通常放在句首或句子中间，充当状语成分。例如：Compared with cars, bikes are more environmental. 与轿车相比，自行车更加环保。
词性转换：comparison n.比较，对比：make a comparison (between A and B)（在A和B之间）做比较；
by comparison比较起来；in comparison with…同……比较起来
（2019，北京卷，完形）
My plan wasn’t to make promises to do things I couldn’t ___14___ but to show my class why I wanted to be president.
14. A. compare B. remember C. manage D. repeat 6. competition
n.竞争，比赛
关联词组：sports competition运动竞赛；fair/unfair competition公平/不公平竞争；in competition with同……竞争
词性转换：compete v.竞争，比赛；competitor n.竞争者，对手；competitive adj.有竞争力的
（2019，山东卷，单项填空）
6.The English Speech Competition the best in her. As a result, she is more active now. A. checked out B. tried out C. left out D. brought out 7. complete
v.完成，结束；adj.完成的，完整的
作动词：The work should be completed in one year.这项工作应该在一年内完成。 作形容词：This is a complete story.这是一个完整的故事。
词性转换：completion n.完成，结束；completed adj.完成的；completely=totally adv.完全地，彻底地
反义词：incomplete adj.不完全的，不完整的
（2019，江苏卷，单项填空）
3.- Keep quiet! I need complete__________ when I'm working. -Sorry, dad. I won't make any noise again.
A. trust B. silence C. control D. strength 8. condition
n.条件，状况
关联词组：in good/bad condition情况良好/糟糕；on condition that…在（某事发生）的条件下
用法：当用来表示“天气”、“（居住、工作或做事情的）环境，境况”时，通常使用复数conditions。
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如：The plants grow best in cool, damp conditions.这种植物最适合在阴凉、潮湿的环境下生长。
（2019，浙江卷，阅读D）Carl made friends with the correspondents, and got Millet's condition reported to England and all over the continent, and America, and everywhere. 9. connect
v.连接，把……联系起来
1connect A with B表示“把A和B联系起来（或连接在一起）”，A和B之间不分主次； ○
2connect A to B表示“把A连接到B上”，通常以A为主，以B为辅； ○
3通常可用and代替介词with或to，变成connect A and B的形式。 ○
词性转换：connection n.关系，连接；connected adj.有关联的：be (closely) connected with与……（紧密）相关
（2019，江苏卷，完形） However, after falling in love with the city. I came to realize that the food is so closely ___17___ with its local culture.
17. A. connected B. covered C. compared D. charged 10. consider
v.考虑，认为
关联词组：consider doing sth.考虑做某事；consider sth. as…把某事看作……
词性转换：consideration n.考虑：take sth. into consideration=consider sth.考虑某事；in consideration of…考虑到……，顾及……
（2019，江苏卷，阅读D）In fact, I think a garden is a really bad idea. I don't know why we're even considering it. 11. continue
v.继续
1continue with sth.继续做某事，with后面接名词 ○
2continue doing sth.继续做某事，指继续做同一件事 ○
3continue to do sth.继续做某事，指一件事做完后，继续做另一件事 ○
比较：
After drinking a cup of coffee, I continued to do my homework.（喝咖啡之前我是在做别的事而不
是做作业）
After drinking a cup of coffee, I continued doing my homework.（喝咖啡之前我在做作业但没做完，
喝完以后继续做）
同义词：continue=go on
（2019，浙江卷，完形）
She tried to finish the song, but the audience (观众) began to whistle and got angry. Mrs. Chaplin could not continue any longer and walked ___7___ the stage crying. 7. A. onto B. off C. towards D. around 12. correct
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v.纠正，改正；adj.正确的，对的
同义词：right adj.正确的，对的
反义词：wrong adj.错误的；incorrect adj.不正确的
词性转换：correctly adv.错误地；correctness n.正确性；correction n.纠正
（2019，山东卷，阅读表达）Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers. 13. cost
v.花费，值（多少钱）；n.价格
词形变化：过去式cost，过去分词cost
关联词组：at the cost of以……为代价；at all costs不惜任何代价；at any cost无论如何 动词用法：表示“花费”的三个动词spend、cost和take的区别：
1spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱，精力，时间等，其后接on(for)+名词或用in(可省)+动名词；○ 2cost可用于表示花时间和金钱，其主语一般是“物”或“事”，表示“花费”、“耗费”； ○
3take常用于“占用、花费”时间，其主语通常为形式主语“it”或某物。句式是：It ○takes sb. some time
to do sth.=Sth. takes sb. some time.
（2019，山东卷，单项填空）
25. Roy works in London. It _________him about half an hour to get to work by bus every day. A. costs B. spends C. takes 14. create
v.创造，创作；造成，产生
同义词：produce，make
词性转换：creation n.创造，创作；产物，作品；creative adj.创新的，有创造性的：creative power创造力；creative thinking创新思维
（2019，山东卷，单项填空） 24. Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _____________ each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.
A. is created B. was created C. creates 15. culture
n.文化，文明
关联词组：traditional culture传统文化；western culture西方文化；local culture本土文化；popular culture流行文化，大众文化；
词性转换：cultural adj.文化的，文化上的
（2019，浙江卷，词汇填空）
40. More and more people have realized the importance of spreading our _____________(传统的) culture.
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16. cut
v.切，剪，削，割；n.切，割；伤口；理发
词形变化：过去式cut，过去分词cut，现在分词cutting
动词词组：cut off切断，中断；cut down砍到；削减；cut in插嘴，插入；cut up切碎 名词词组：power cut停电，供电中断
关联单词：shortcut n.捷径；haircut n.理发；发型
（2019，山东卷，词形转换）
67. Have you ever cut your finger on the edge (边缘) of a book page? The small cut on your finger is so _____________. (pain) 17. daily
adj.每日的，日常的
关联词组：daily life日常生活；daily use日用品；on a daily basis按日，每天 其它词性：
1作adv.：daily=every day每日，每天 ○
2作n.：表示“日报”：China Daily中国日报 ○
（2019，浙江卷，单项填空）
9.- Could you tell me ____________________?
- You will stay with an English family and take part in their daily life.
A. when I should pay for the course B. what the best part of the course is
C. how long the shortest course lasts D. where I can go sightseeing after class 18. dangerous
adj.危险的，有危害的
关联词组：dangerous goods危险物品；dangerous situation危险处境
词性转换：danger n.危险，威胁：in danger处于危险中；endanger v.危及，使遭受危害
（2019年，山东卷，单项填空）
20. A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, _________ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous. A. although B. because C. if 19. deal
v.交易；n.买卖；量，数额
动词词组：deal with…和……做生意；处理，应对
名词词组：a good/great deal of大量；a big deal大人物，了不起的人/事；make a deal with同……达成交易
（2019年，北京卷，阅读C）For example, on the way home, focus your attention outside of yourself, instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with. 20. decide
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