Page133 1-3段
INTENATIONAL TRADE AND EXCHANGE RATES 国际贸易和汇率
As we go about our daily lives,it is easy to overlook the importance of international exchange.
在我们的日常生活中，人们很容易忽视国际交流的重要性。 America
ships
enormous
volumes
of
food,airplanes,computers,and construction machinery to other countries;and in return we get vast quantities of oil , VCRs,cars,kiwi fruits,and other goods and services.
美国食品历史卷的船舶，飞机和建筑机械，电脑，和其他国家的回报；我们得到广泛的进口石油，汽车，vcrs，猕猴桃果实和其他用品和服务。
Even more important for most countries are the new products and services that have over the years derived from other regions. 对大多数国家来说更重要的是，新的产品和服务，有来自其他地区的年。
While we may produce most of our national output,it is sobering to
reflect
how
much
our
consumption-including
the
clocks,railroads,accounting,penicillin,radar,and
Beatles-originates in the ingenuity of long-forgotten people in faraway places.
虽然我们可能产生的国民产出，这是发人深省的反映多少我们的消费包括时钟，铁路，会计，青霉素，雷达，和披头士起源于遗忘很久的远方的人的聪明才智。
What are the economic forces that lie behind international trade?
这背后的国际贸易的经济力量是什么?
Simply put,trade promotes specialization,and specialization increases productivity.
简单的说，贸易促进专业化，专业化提高生产率。
Over the long run,increased trade and higher productivity raise living standards for all nations.
从长远来看，贸易的增加和更高的生产率提高了所有国家的生活水平。
Gradually,countries have realized that opening up their economies to the global trading system is the most secure road to prosperity.
渐渐地，国家已经意识到开放经济对全球贸易体系是最安全的繁荣之路。
In this final part,we survey the principles governing international trade and finance,which is the system by which nations export and import goods,services,and financial capital.
在最后一部分中，我们调查的原则，国际贸易与金融，这是由该国的进出口货物，系统服务，资本和金融资本。
International economics involves many of the most controversial questions of the day:Why dose the United States benefit from importing almost one-quarter of its automobiles and half of its petroleum?
国际经济学涉及许多天中最具争议的问题：为什么美国受益于进口几乎四分之一的汽车和它的石油一半吗？
What are the advantages to the United States, Canada,and Mexico of free-trade region?
在美国，加拿大的优势是什么，以及免税贸易区墨西哥？
Is there wisdom in the European countries’ adopting a common currency?
在欧洲各国采取共同货币是有智慧的？
And why has the United States become the world’s largest debtor country in the last decade?
为什么美国成为世界上最大的债务国在过去的十年中？
The economic stakes are high in finding wise answers to these questions.
经济风险在寻找这些问题的答案是明智的。
Page133-134 （包括133页剩余部分和134页开头部分）
How does the analysis of international trade differ from that of domestic markets? There are three differences: 怎样分析国际贸易与国内市场的不同，从三个方面来看:
Expanded trading opportunities. The major advantage of international trade is that it expands trading horizons. 1、贸易机会：国际贸易的主要优势是它扩大贸易的范围，
If people were forced to consume only what they produced at home, the world would be poorer on both the material and the spiritual planes.
如果人们被迫自产自销，人们将在物质和精神方面更加贫瘠, Canadians could drink no wine, Americans could eat no bananas, and
most
of
the
world
would
be
without
jazz
and Hollywood movies.
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